controlled randomized trials trial pilot

The gap

Supporting evidence — 6 representative gaps

• Facilitator-guided vs self-guided debriefing in immersive virtual reality paediatric emergency training: a randomised pilot study on learning outcomes and feasibility (2026) · doi

  The pilot study requires adequately powered randomised controlled trials to formally evaluate non-inferiority of self-guided debriefing compared to facilitator-guided debriefing in immersive VR paediatric emergency training, with statistical power calculations for detecting clinically meaningful differences in learning outcomes.

  Keywords: non-inferiority immersive virtual reality self-guided debriefing facilitator-guided paediatric emergency randomised controlled trial
• Enhancing mathematics retention through seeing-AI: A quasi-experimental study among visually impaired junior secondary students in Ogun State, Nigeria (2026) · doi

  The quasi-experimental design did not employ randomized control assignment; future research should implement a fully randomized controlled trial comparing Seeing-AI intervention against traditional tactile/braille methods and other assistive technologies to establish causal mechanisms for mathematics retention improvements.

  Keywords: Seeing-AI randomized controlled trial visual impairment mathematics retention assistive technology
• Diving after SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection: Fitness to dive assessment and medical guidance (2020) · doi

  The study employs a retrospective design using prospectively collected data, which may be subject to selection bias and incomplete documentation; prospective randomized controlled trials could strengthen the evidence base.

  Keywords: employs retrospective design using prospectively collected subject selection bias incomplete documentation prospective randomized controlled trials
• Effectiveness, safety, and pharmacoeconomic profile of Sophora flavescens film in the treatment of postpartum vaginal dysbiosis: a non-randomized controlled trial (2026) · doi

  Confirmation through rigorously designed multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled trials is essential to validate the efficacy, delineate long-term safety, and establish robust cost-effectiveness thresholds.

  Keywords: confirmation rigorously designed multicenter double blind randomized controlled trials essential validate efficacy delineate long term
• Resilience interventions for the family with autistic children: a systematic review (2026) · doi

  Some studies are pilot studies that only illustrate the acceptability and feasibility of the intervention, which needs further demonstration by conducting a randomized controlled trial.

  Keywords: pilot illustrate acceptability feasibility intervention needs further demonstration conducting randomized controlled trial
• Correction: Exercise training affects hemodynamics and exercise capacity in cases of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a non-randomized controlled trial in individuals aged 65–80 years (2026) · doi

  The study was non-randomized controlled trial design, which limits causal inference compared to randomized controlled trials

  Keywords: randomized controlled trial design limits causal inference compared trials