environmental countries actual hypothesized china

The gap

Supporting evidence — 2 representative gaps

• From value orientations to payment: health vs. environmental consciousness and willingness to pay for green hotels via green literacy (2026) · doi

  This study enriches research on green consumer behaviour in the service industry and offers practical implications for the green trans- formation and sustainable development of tourism and hospitality services along the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor; nevertheless, several limitations remain and point to promising avenues for future research. First, the study relied on a cross-sectional design, which con- strains causal inference regarding the proposed mediation processes. Although the hypothesized paths are theoretically grounded and the mediation tests are consistent with the data, future research should employ longitudinal, time-lagged, or experimental designs (e.g., manipulating informational exposure to green practices) to more rig- orously establish temporal ordering and causal mechanisms linking health consciousness, environmental consciousness, green literacy, and willingness to pay. Second, all focal constructs were measured using self-reported survey instruments, raising potential concerns about common method bias and social desirability—particularly for environmentally related variables. Subsequent studies could reduce such concerns by adopting multi-source or multi-method approaches, such as combin- ing survey measures with behavioural indicators (e.g., actual booking choices, premium selection, or willingness-to-pay tasks), incorporat- ing objective knowledge tests for green literacy, and using procedural remedies (e.g., temporal separation, marker variables) to strengthen measurement validity. Third, green literacy was operationalized as a largely linear cogni- tive mediator. However, the study’s dual-path pattern—where health consciousness shows a direct effect while environmental conscious- ness operates primarily through green literacy—suggests that con- sumers may rely on different processing routes when evaluating green hotel attributes. Future work could extend the model by explicitly test- ing alternative cognitive mechanisms (e.g., perceived diagnosticity of green claims, perceived personal relevance, benefit concretization, or skepticism) and by drawing on dual-process perspectives to examine when consumers engage in heuristic versus elaborative reasoning in green hotel evaluations. Fourth, the non-significant direct effect of environmental con- sciousness may indicate meaningful heterogeneity within “environ- mentally conscious” consumers. Future research should explore segmentation-based explanations (e.g., latent class/profile analysis) to identify subgroups for whom environmental values translate more readily into monetary commitment. Such work could clarify whether the indirect-only pattern reflects information constraints, differences in perceived efficacy, varying thresholds for premium payment, or dif- ferential sensitivity to greenwashing risk. Fifth, the study centered on value-based antecedents and a cogni- tive bridge (green literacy) but did not incorporate potentially influ- ential market and communication cues that shape how consumers interpret green offerings. Future research could integrate contextual signals—such as certification credibility, transparency of sustainability disclosure, traceability of claims, and the specificity of sustainability storytelling—to examine how external information environments facilitate (or impede) the conversion of values into willingness to pay. Finally, the generalizability of the findings may be limited by the study’s sample and setting. Replication across countries and hotel seg- ments, as well as comparisons across different types of green services (e.g., eco-resorts vs. urban business hotels), would help establish boundary conditions for the proposed dual-channel framework and assess whether the roles of health consciousness, environmental con- sciousness, and green literacy vary across institutional and cultural contexts. Collectively, these directions would extend the proposed frame- work by strengthening causal evidence, improving measurement rigor, and clarifying when and for whom values translate into willingness to pay through cognitive resources in green hospitality markets.

  Keywords: green literacy future environmental consciousness willingness causal proposed health dual hotel perceived consumers values across
• Empirical and Machine Learning Forecasting for Offline Retail: Nonlinear Weather Effects and Heterogeneity (2026) · doi

  For Central Asian countries like Uzbekistan, the environmental impacts of cotton planting are hypothesized to be the same as China, rather than being based on actual data.

  Keywords: central asian countries like uzbekistan environmental impacts cotton planting hypothesized china rather based actual