energy technologies drive green monolayer

The gap

Supporting evidence — 2 representative gaps

• Kinetics of primary mechanochemical covalent-bond-forming reactions (2024) · doi

  Fig. 8 (A) Polymer pen lithography uses elastomeric tips to transfer molecules (green) onto a surface via an aqueous meniscus (blue) and apply mechanical stress by compression. (B) Diels–Alder reaction between functionalized cyclopentadiene and a SLG surface. (C) Raman mapping image (1324 cm−1, D-band) of 2 × 3 dot arrays of cyclopentadiene covalently immobilized onto the SLG. (D) Signal-to-background of the printed features of dye-labelled alkyne increases with p and t. (E) Plots of ln([azide]) vs. t at different p, whose slope provides reaction rate constants, k. (F) Molecular distortion of the azide monolayer as a result of the uniaxial force. Adapted from ref. 123 with permission from the American Chemical Society, Copyright 2013; and ref. 133 with permission from the American Chemical Society, Copyright 2014. upon the force exerted between the tips and the surface.122 As such, PPL arrays are ideal for studying the kinetics of force- accelerated reactions on surfaces because the force can be determined from the area of the printed feature, and the reac- tion time is controlled precisely by the piezoactuators that hold the tip-array. In addition, because these arrays can contain thousands of tips printing in parallel, each feature is printed thousands of times resulting in higher delity datasets for more accurate ttings. Consequently, the adoption of PPL for inter- reactions has led directly to rogating mechanochemical a greater understanding of how forces drive CBF reactions. The rst demonstration of the ability of PPL arrays to drive mechanochemical reactions involved the covalent functionali- zation of the graphene basal plane using force-accelerated Diels–Alder reactions.123 Graphene has been championed as a promising material for sensors, transistors, and energy- harnessing devices,124 however the inability to functionalize covalently the conjugated basal plane of graphene has hindered the realization of many of these proposed technologies. Cova- lent reactions with the basal plane require disrupting the conjugation of the relatively inert graphene lattice, and so reactions that typically proceed with alkenes do not typically react with graphene double bonds. A reaction that had been shown to proceed for functionalizing graphene lattices in solutions at high temperatures is the Diels–Alder reaction between a diene and the graphene akes as a dienophile.125,126 Although those reported solution conditions would be difficult to reproduce on immobilized substrates, they suggested a compelling route to pattern graphene substrates mecha- nochemically. As early as 1963 it was found that applied pres- sure increases the rate of Diels–Alder reactions in solution,127 so the Braunschweig group reasoned that PPL tips could apply force between a graphene substrate and tips coated with an appropriate diene, and the Diels–Alder reaction would proceed via the same pressure-accelerated mechanism123 (Fig. 8B). To this end, the Braunschweig group prepare

  Keywords: graphene reactions force tips diels alder reaction arrays surface printed accelerated basal plane proceed onto
• Renewable Chemistry: Dedicated to Advancing Chemistry for a Circular and Regenerative Chemical Industry (2025) · doi

  What are the future, energy efficient green technologies that can drive these processes?

  Keywords: future energy efficient green technologies drive processes