Further advancements in cancer therapy are inevitably going to be achieved with the help of more efficient drug delivery systems that will help make this process much safer, more accurate, and effecti

The gap

Consensus across the literature

Supporting evidence — 3 representative gaps

• Recent Advancements in the Management and Treatment of Comorbidities: A Review (2026) · doi

  associated with conventional dosage forms, such as poor solubility, rapid degradation, and systemic side effects. Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems, including liposomes, niosomes, dendrimers, and polymeric nanoparticles, enable targeted drug delivery to specific tissues or cells. These systems enhance drug stability, improve pharmacokinetics, and reduce off-target effects [25,26]. In the context of can nanoparticle comorbidities, simultaneously deliver multiple drugs to different targets, thereby addressing multiple disease pathways efficiently [27]. Controlled and sustained release systems are widely used in the management of chronic diseases associated with comorbidities. These systems maintain therapeutic drug concentrations over extended periods, reducing dosing frequency and improving patient adherence [28]. Technologies such as matrix tablets, osmotic pumps, and transdermal delivery systems are commonly employed to achieve controlled drug release [29]. Smart drug delivery systems represent an advanced class of delivery platforms that respond to specific physiological stimuli such as pH, temperature, enzymes, or redox conditions. These stimuli-responsive systems enable site-specific and on-demand drug release, thereby improving therapeutic precision and minimizing adverse effects [30]. 5.3 Combination Therapy Approaches Combination therapy has become a cornerstone in the management of comorbidities due to its ability to target multiple disease pathways simultaneously. This approach enhances therapeutic efficacy while reducing the risk of resistance and adverse effects. Fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) are widely used to simplify treatment regimens by combining two or more active pharmaceutical ingredients into a single dosage form. FDCs improve patient adherence, reduce pill burden, and enhance treatment outcomes, particularly in chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and infectious diseases [31,32]. Synergistic drug strategies involve the use of drugs with complementary mechanisms of action to achieve enhanced therapeutic effects. By targeting different pathways, these combinations can produce additive or synergistic effects, allowing for lower doses and reduced toxicity [33]. This approach is commonly applied in oncology, antimicrobial therapy, and cardiometabolic diseases. Rational drug design computational modeling, molecular leverages docking, and structure–activity relationship (SAR) studies to develop drugs that specifically target disease-related pathways. Advances in computational biology and cheminformatics have accelerated the discovery of novel therapeutic agents with improved efficacy and safety profiles [34]. These strategies are particularly valuable in addressing the complexity of comorbid conditions, where multiple molecular targets must be considered. 5.4 Digital Health and AI Integration platforms those residing Digital health technologies and artificial intelligence have transformed the landscape of comorbidity management by enabling continuous monitoring, early diagnosis, and data-driven decision-making. These technologies support proactive and preventive healthcare approaches, which are essential for managing complex chronic conditions. Telemedicine has emerged as a vital tool for improving healthcare accessibility and continuity of care. It allows remote consultation, monitoring, and follow-up, reducing the timely for hospital visits and enabling need intervention are [35]. Telehealth particularly beneficial for patients with mobility limitations or in remote areas. Wearable health monitoring devices, such as smartwatches, biosensors, and implantable devices, provide real-time data on physiological parameters including heart rate, blood pressure, glucose levels, and physical activity [36]. These devices facilitate early detection of abnormalities and enable personalized health management. AI in diagnosis and treatment optimization plays a critical role in identify disease analyzing complex datasets patterns, predict outcomes, and recommend treatment strategies. Machine learning algorithms can integrate clinical, imaging, and genomic data to support clinical decision-making and improve diagnostic accuracy [37,38]. AI-driven predictive models are especially valuable in managing multimorbidity, where interactions between multiple diseases must be considered simultaneously. to INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 381

  Keywords: drug systems effects delivery multiple diseases therapeutic disease pathways management treatment health enable specific improve
• CERVICAL CANCER: A MULTIDIMENSIONAL REVIEW OF MOLECULAR PATHOGENESIS, DIAGNOSTIC CHALLENGES, AND EMERGING THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES (2026) · doi

  Further advancements in cancer therapy are inevitably going to be achieved with the help of more efficient drug delivery systems that will help make this process much safer, more accurate, and effective. Using such systems, including nanoparticles and ligand-based targeting approaches, it will be possible to deliver the necessary amount of medication to a tumor without harming healthy cells.[67] Additionally, the application of drug delivery systems employing nanoparticles will most likely make medications more efficient by increasing their solubility, stability, and sustained release.[68] Finally, the development of targeted drug delivery systems, for example, involving antibodies and nanocarriers, will allow doctors to create a more personalized approach to the treatment, thus providing them with more options when it comes to the therapy of each particular patient.[69] Moreover, one can consider combining various drug delivery approaches to help overcome the problems associated with drug resistance among patients using a combination of chemotherapy and siRNA delivery.[70]

  Keywords: drug delivery systems help therapy efficient make using nanoparticles approaches further advancements cancer inevitably going
• Advanced Drug Delivery Strategies for Prevention and Management of Surgical Site Infections in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: Current Evidence, Emerging Technologies, and Future Perspectives (2026) · doi

  Despite substantial progress, advanced antimicrobial delivery systems into routine OMFS practice remain highly debated. Evidence of sterility, biocompatibility, release reproducibility, manufacturing scalability, long- term safety and clinical effectiveness is required for drug- [2,19,35]. Many and-device combination products nanoparticle, coating and smart biomaterial systems are still rigorous the preclinical stage. Therefore, randomised trials, standardised reporting of outcomes and cost-effectiveness analysis are required before general use [22, 33, 35]. Artificial intelligence is becoming a useful tool for the design and optimisation of drug delivery analyse patient systems. Machine demographics, complexity, laboratory values, microbiological profiles, and imaging in features individualised [46]. Computational modelling can also be applied to optimise nanoparticle composition, drug loading capacity, release kinetics and scaffold architecture, thereby speeding up the development of next-generation therapeutic platforms [43]. The future of SSI prevention in OMFS will probably that combine rely on multifunctional biomaterials antimicrobial and activity, intelligent drug release into one platform. Drug-eluting implants, therapeutics targeting biofilms, smart hydrogels, 3D-printed scaffolds, antimicrobial peptides, and combination platforms delivering antimicrobial, anti- regenerative immunomodulatory, and inflammatory, infection agents may revolutionise perioperative management [22, 24, 33, 42-46]. Taken together, advances in nanotechnology, biomaterials engineering, artificial intelligence, and regenerative medicine offer the promise of moving SSI prevention from a reactive to a the risk of SSI and help regenerative potential perioperative to predict planning predictive, localised, and precision-based approach. Table 3 denotes the emerging technologies and translational priorities. this firstly,

  Keywords: drug antimicrobial systems release regenerative delivery omfs effectiveness required combination nanoparticle smart artificial intelligence platforms