Promote vocational training, entrepreneurship support, and revival of local industries to curb youth unemployment. Reviving skill acquisition centres and investing in agribusiness can create sustainab

The gap

Consensus across the literature

Supporting evidence — 3 representative gaps

• The role of socio-political factors in shaping youth self-employment in Hosanna City, Ethiopia (2026) · doi

  Promoting youth self-employment requires a comprehensive policy approach that inte- grates individual capability development with supportive social and institutional frame- works. Policy responses should move beyond narrow, skills-based strategies and instead reinforce the broader socio-political ecosystem that shapes youth economic participa- tion. To this end, market-relevant vocational and entrepreneurship training should be expanded and paired with practical delivery, business management, and mentorship to convert intention into enterprise. Simultaneously, stronger youth associations, coop- eratives, and mentorship networks can enhance information flows, peer learning, and collective bargaining power, reinforcing social-capital effects. Moreover, easing infra- structure constraints through youth-focused business hubs, shared workspaces, and incubation centers would lower entry barriers, particularly in rapidly urbanizing con- texts such as Hosanna City. Finally, these measures will have limited traction without complementary institutional reforms, including simplifying administrative procedures, strengthening regulatory transparency, and scaling youth-centered finance (including accessible microfinance and start-up support) are essential to reduce uncertainty and expand opportunity. Collectively, aligning micro-level enablers with macro-level reforms can create a coherent ecosystem that enables young people to move from vulnerability to productive economic participation, advancing inclusive urban development and sus- tainable growth in Ethiopia. Erkie et al. Discover Global Society (2026) 4:73 Appendix A: Ethical clearance Page 15 of 17

  Keywords: youth policy development social institutional move ecosystem economic business mentorship reforms including level promoting self
• ENTREPRENEURSHIP & YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN PAKISTAN: AN ANALYSIS OF GOVERNMENT POLICIES, PRACTICES AND FUTURE PATHWAYS (2026) · doi

  1. The government agencies should initiate national awareness campaigns using digital media, educational institutions. The programs must ensure that youth across different socioeconomic and geographic backgrounds are conscious. 2. Loans to the youth should be simplified and less collateral & flexible repayment terms should be offered. The administrative delays can be reduced and transparency and access can be increased with digital application platforms. 3. There is need to have more training facilities, particularly in undeveloped and rural regions. The programs must be emphasis on employable skills like marketing, financial literacy, use of technology and management of innovation. 4. The government agencies should use one-window service platforms and accelerated business registration processes. In this connection, the bureaucratic barriers will be cleared, and more youth will then to start their own businesses. 5. In order to ensure equal access to business opportunities, poor neighborhoods should receive training programs and targeted funding to enhance entrepreneurial ecosystems by providing capital, market connections, and mentorship. REFERENCES Ahmed, S., & Imran, M. M. (2024). Exploring the Drivers of Youth Unemployment in Pakistan: A Comprehensive Review. Spry Journal of Economics and Management Sciences, 2(1).12-21 Ahsan, N., and Ashfaq, M. (2023). Predicting entrepreneurial intentions among students: evidence from Pakistan higher education institutions. South Asian Journal of Management, 17, 37–60. Alam, Z., Kousar, S., & Rehman, C. A. (2019). Role of entrepreneurial motivation on entrepreneurial intentions and behaviour: theory of planned behaviour extension on engineering students in Pakistan. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 9, 1–20. Alvarez, S. A. (2005). The theories of entrepreneurship: Alternative assumptions and the study of entrepreneurial action. Foundations and Trends® in Entrepreneurship, 1(3), 105-148. Asif, M., Asghar, F., Younis, A., Mahmood, A., & Wang, L. (2018). The role of social entrepreneurship in Pakistan and its impact on economy. Economic & Management, 5, 117–127. Asif, M., Asghar, F., Younis, A., Mahmood, A., & Wang, L. Z. (2018). Role of social entrepreneurship in Pakistan and its impact on economy. International Journal of Business, Economics and Management, 5(5), 117-127 Journal of Social Research Development, Volume 7, Issue 1, MARCH, 2026 62 Zulfiqar & Yaseen … Entrepreneurship And Youth Bokhari, A. A. (2013). Entrepreneurship as a solution to youth unemployment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. American Journal of Scientific Research, 23(87), 120-134. Dhahri, S., Slimani, S., & Omri, A. (2021). The Behavioural entrepreneurship for achieving the sustainable development goals. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 165, 120561 Diaz, J. M., & Ariza, A. A. (2022). The

  Keywords: entrepreneurship youth journal management entrepreneurial pakistan social programs business role government agencies digital institutions must
• Youth Unemployment and Economy of Insecurity in Owerri West Local Government Area, Imo State (2020-2025) (2026) · doi

  5.3 i. Promote vocational training, entrepreneurship support, and revival of local industries to curb youth unemployment. Reviving skill acquisition centres and investing in agribusiness can create sustainable jobs, while security-friendly business environments will attract investors. Evidence shows that practical skills reduce unemployment and youth restiveness. ii. Strengthen economic growth through improved infrastructure, stable electricity, and access to microcredit. Better roads and energy supply will boost small businesses, enhance productivity, and generate employment, thereby reducing crime linked to economic hardship. to address iii. Encourage multi-sectoral collaboration among leaders, and security agencies, community insecurity. religious institutions empowerment

  Keywords: youth unemployment security economic promote vocational training entrepreneurship support revival local industries curb reviving skill