Real-world validation

The gap

Consensus across the literature

Supporting evidence — 3 representative gaps

• Association between controlling nutritional status (CONUT) and all-cause mortality in elderly hospitalized patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a retrospective cohort study (2026) · doi

  This retrospective cohort study evaluated the association between the CONUT score at admission and all-cause mortality in elderly patients hospitalized for AECOPD. The use of real-world clinical data from a sizable sample enhances the reliability of the findings. However, several limitations should be acknowledged. First, as a single-center study, the generalizability of our findings may be limited to other populations or clinical settings. Therefore, future multicenter prospective studies are warranted to validate the prognostic utility of the CONUT score in diverse cohorts. Second, the CONUT score was assessed only at admission, representing a static measurement that does not capture dynamic nutritional changes during hospitalization. Future studies with serial assessments are warranted to provide a more comprehensive understanding of its prognostic implications. Thirdly, although multivariable adjustments were performed in this study, residual confounding factors may still exist, particularly those that were unmeasured. These include, for example, lung function, the use of long-term inhaled medications, nutritional support during hospitalization, and specific pharmacological treatments (e.g., corticosteroids). Future prospective studies should prioritize the consideration of these factors to further the CONUT elucidate the independent prognostic value of should score. Given these limitations, the present findings be interpreted cautiously and validated in future multicenter prospective studies.

  Keywords: conut score future ndings prospective prognostic admission clinical limitations multicenter warranted nutritional hospitalization factors retrospective
• Symptom Response Dynamics for Personalised Therapy with Subcutaneous Infliximab in Crohn’s Disease: Insights from the Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 3 LIBERTY-CD Trial (2026) · doi

  The phase 3 LIBERTY-CD study design included only randomised patients who achieved clinical response after receiving three full IV infliximab doses at week 10, leading to the exclusion of week 10 non-responder patients and presenting a limitation for direct application in real-world practice.

  Keywords: patients week phase liberty design included randomised achieved clinical response receiving three full infliximab doses
• Web-Based Platform for Multi-Modal Medical Image Analysis Using X-Rays, MRI, and CT Data (2026) · doi

  No clinical validation or real-world deployment results are presented; the system has not been tested in actual clinical settings with real patients.

  Keywords: clinical real validation world deployment presented system tested actual settings patients