trace longer research. Longitudinal several productive directions land studies that for commodification and social time restructuring over horizons would strengthen causal claims. Comparative research

The gap

Consensus across the literature

Supporting evidence — 3 representative gaps

• Heritage at a crossroads: between cultural preservation and overtourism in Penglipuran Village, Bali (2026) · doi

  trace longer research. Longitudinal several productive directions land studies that for commodification and social time restructuring over horizons would strengthen causal claims. Comparative research across multiple Balinese traditional villages—including those tourism exposure—would test with different the levels of regional applicability of the Tri Mandala and awig-awig dynamics documented here. Mixed-methods designs combining ethnographic depth with spatial analysis and infrastructural metrics could provide more comprehensive assessments of socio-spatial saturation. Research examining the perspectives of younger community members and women would enrich understanding of intergenerational and gendered dimensions of tourism-driven transformation. Finally, comparative studies across Global South heritage destinations would help determine which of the patterns identified in Penglipuran—the paradox of cultural resilience as enabler, in-situ transformation, deliberative cultural governance—represent broadly applicable dynamics rather than site-specific phenomena.

  Keywords: comparative across tourism awig dynamics spatial transformation cultural trace longer longitudinal several productive directions land
• The role of event and festival tourism in preserving cultural heritage: towards a new events calendar for the Maasai tribe, Tanzania (2026) · doi

  Even with its contributions, this study has several limitations that deserve careful consideration. First, the cross-sectional design captures community perceptions at a single point in time, failing to consider how attitudes toward event tourism may evolve in response to policy changes, shifts in tourism demand, or the long-term impacts of event tourism. Community attitudes toward tourism—especially within indigenous settings—are not static; they can change due to evolving power dynamics, commercialization pressures, and policy interventions (Nunkoo and Gursoy, 2012). Future studies would be enhanced by longitudinal designs that allow for a deep understanding indigenous of how trust, support, or resistance evolve communities. in Secondly, the study’s singular emphasis on the Maasai community presents a notable constraint regarding transferability and external validity. Consequently, the findings may not apply to other indigenous communities that have different cultural contexts and governance structures. Studies comparing various communities could offer a wider insight into how event tourism contributes to cultural preservation. Third, although the quantitative method facilitated the examina- tion of relationships within the conceptual framework, it may not fully capture the symbolic, spiritual, and political significance inherent in Maasai cultural traditions. Future research may adopt mixed-methods or ethnographic approaches to enhance survey results and more accu- rately represent indigenous knowledge systems (Hodgson, 2001; Homewood et al., 2020). Finally, the research faced financial and spatial limitations that influenced its design and extent. Insufficient funding constrained the length of fieldwork and the use of qualitative approaches. Moreover, data gathering took place in selected, reachable Maasai areas, which might have limited the geographic representativeness of the sample.

  Keywords: tourism indigenous community event communities maasai cultural limitations design attitudes toward evolve policy within future
• Comparative Analysis of Community-Based Tourism Management: Case Studies from Bhutan and Thailand (2026) · doi

  1. Community-based tourism management should be grounded in respect for culture and the environment, ensuring that tourism serves as a tool for strengthening communities and promoting long-term sustainability. 2. Community-based tourism in both countries can learn from each other’s experiences. The Buakkhang community in Thailand can learn from the policy-driven and low-impact tourism management approach of Eusu Community in Bhutan, while Eusu Community can learn from Buakkhang’s adaptive strategies in responding to diverse tourism markets. 3. Both countries should establish joint tourism promotion policies and cooperative agreements, which could strengthen bilateral relations and support collaborative development of community-based tourism. New knowledge and the effects on society and communities This research contributes new knowledge regarding community-based tourism management in both countries and provides development guidelines for community-based tourism in Eusu Community, Haa District, Bhutan, and Buakkhang Subdistrict, Chiang Mai, Thailand. The findings highlight how community-based tourism can strengthen local communities and support sustainable development by empowering local stakeholders and preserving cultural identity. Furthermore, the study promotes stronger cooperation between the two countries, fostering collaboration in tourism development and encouraging mutual support in advancing sustainable community-based tourism.

  Keywords: tourism community based countries development management communities learn buakkhang eusu support thailand bhutan strengthen knowledge