OBJECTIVE: Medical comorbidity is common among children with anxiety disorders; however, little is known about the impact of such comorbidity on mental and functional health outcomes.

The gap

Consensus across the literature

Supporting evidence — 8 representative gaps

• Cognitive Errors, Anxiety Sensitivity, and Anxiety Control Beliefs (2007) · doi

  Existing research has suggested that these constructs are related to childhood anxiety disorder symptoms; however, additional research is needed to test the interrelations among negative cognitive errors, anxiety sensitivity, and anxiety control beliefs and to determine if they show unique and specific associations with anxiety symptoms.

  Keywords: anxiety symptoms existing constructs related childhood disorder additional needed test interrelations among negative cognitive errors
• Cognitive Aspects of Generalised Anxiety Disorder in Adolescents: Exploring Intolerance of Uncertainty, Cognitive Avoidance, and Positive Beliefs About Worry (2025) · doi

  Intolerance of uncertainty, cognitive avoidance, and positive beliefs about worry have been well researched in adults with Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD), but few studies have explored these aspects in adolescent clinical samples.

  Keywords: intolerance uncertainty cognitive avoidance positive beliefs worry well researched adults generalised anxiety disorder explored aspects
• The FRIENDS Cognitive Behavioral Program in Japanese schools: An examination of the treatment effects (2016) · doi

  Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for childhood anxiety is effective in schools; however, researchers have reported mixed results and expressed concerns regarding sociocultural differences in treating childhood anxiety.

  Keywords: childhood anxiety cognitive behavioral therapy effective schools researchers reported mixed expressed concerns regarding sociocultural differences
• In the moment social experiences and perceptions of children with social anxiety disorder: A qualitative study (2022) · doi

  General forms of cognitive behavioural treatments have demonstrated poorer efficacy for childhood SAD when compared to other childhood anxiety disorders and further understanding of the psychological factors that contribute to the maintenance of childhood SAD is warranted.

  Keywords: childhood general forms cognitive behavioural treatments poorer efficacy compared anxiety disorders further understanding psychological factors
• Self-Reported Anxiety in Children and Adolescents: A Three-Year Follow-Up Study (2001) · doi

  The authors concluded that adult models of anxiety cannot be applied to youth and that future research should investigate the contribution of contextual factors to the development of anxiety in children.

  Keywords: anxiety authors concluded adult models cannot applied youth future investigate contribution contextual factors development children
• An Investigation of Executive Functioning in Pediatric Anxiety (2018) · doi

  ) of pediatric anxiety and related problems has grown substantially over recent years, several aspects to anxiety in youths remain elusive, particularly with relation to executive functioning.

  Keywords: anxiety pediatric related problems grown substantially recent years several aspects youths remain elusive particularly relation
• The Impact of Medical Comorbidity on Mental Health and Functional Health Outcomes Among Children with Anxiety Disorders (2008) · doi

  OBJECTIVE: Medical comorbidity is common among children with anxiety disorders; however, little is known about the impact of such comorbidity on mental and functional health outcomes.

  Keywords: comorbidity objective medical common among children anxiety disorders little known impact mental functional health outcomes
• Sleep problems, anxiety and cognitive style in school-aged children (2005) · doi

  Furthermore, certain cognitive styles are associated with both anxiety and sleep problems and may be good candidates for further research into the association between sleep problems and anxiety in children.

  Keywords: anxiety sleep problems certain cognitive styles associated good candidates further association children