Although studies in the instructional leadership literature have vastly examined instructional leadership and its relationship with various variables, few studies have focused on school principals’ ev

The gap

Consensus across the literature

Supporting evidence — 8 representative gaps

• The Impact of School Principals' Digital Leadership Level on Learning Organization and Teachers' Self Leadership Skills (2026) · doi

  -This study revealed that the digital leadership level of school principals positively contributes to the level of schools becoming learning organizations and the level of teachers' self-leadership skills. In the study, teachers' digital leadership perception levels about school principals were found to be high. However, school principals can still receive the necessary in-service training and renew themselves to improve their digital leadership levels. - The digital leadership skills of school principals can be taken into consideration as a criterion during the school principal assignment phase. School principals with high digital leadership levels can be preferred. - It may be beneficial to allocate a budget to schools during the digitalization process in education. - School principals should positively motivate teachers, students and parents for digital transformation in education. - School principals can make a significant contribution to the transformation of schools into learning organizations and the development of teachers' self-leadership skills by further increasing their digital leadership levels. It is thought that these developments will affect students' academic success positively. e-ISSN: 2536-4758 http://www.efdergi.hacettepe.edu.tr/

  Keywords: leadership school digital principals teachers levels level positively schools skills learning organizations self high education
• Transformational Leadership and Organizational Processes: Influencing Public Performance (2016) · doi

  However, a key question has not been adequately addressed in prior literature on the topic: how do leadership processes make a difference? Using data on New York City public schools, this article explores the organizational mechanisms by which a specific form of principal's leadership—transformational leadership—influences objective organizational outcomes as measured by standardized test scores.

  Keywords: leadership organizational question adequately addressed prior literature topic processes make difference using york city public
• From instructional leadership to instructional quality: the critical role of teacher academic optimism (2025) · doi

  Extensive research evidence confirms the importance of principal instructional leadership in fostering teacher professional learning, yet few studies have explored its effect on teacher instructional quality, a critical indicator of teacher effectiveness and a proximal predictor of student achievement.

  Keywords: teacher instructional extensive evidence confirms importance principal leadership fostering professional learning explored effect quality critical
• Investigation of Principals’ Technology Leadership Profiles in the context of Schools’ Learning Organization Culture and ICT Infrastructure: F@tih Project Schools vs. the Others (2016) · doi

  Although there is a growing body of literature about the integration of information and communication technologies (ICT) into K-12 schools and the ways how individually school principals can lead and support these initiatives, little is known about to what extent principals’ technology leadership (TL) practices are predictable by school’s organization culture and present ICT infrastructure.

  Keywords: school principals there growing body literature integration information communication technologies schools ways individually lead support
• School principals’ evaluations of their instructional leadership behaviours: realities vs. ideals (2016) · doi

  Although studies in the instructional leadership literature have vastly examined instructional leadership and its relationship with various variables, few studies have focused on school principals’ evaluations of their instructional leadership behaviours using a qualitative approach.

  Keywords: instructional leadership literature vastly examined relationship various variables focused school principals evaluations behaviours using qualitative
• Instructional leadership and the charter school principal (2018) · doi

  To address this gap in the literature, this case study examines two major issues: how the principals at four charter schools enact instructional leadership in their respective schools, and what barriers the principals encounter when enacting instructional leadership at their school sites.

  Keywords: principals schools instructional leadership address literature case examines major issues four charter enact respective barriers
• Sustainable Digital Leadership: Relations with Organizational Ambidexterity and Strategic Decision-Making in Middle School Educational Leaders (2026) · doi

  From a theoretical standpoint, this study addresses a significant gap in the field of digital leadership by connecting sustainability-focused digital leadership with ambidextrous practices within organizations, an area that has not been explored in educational leadership research.

  Keywords: leadership digital theoretical standpoint addresses significant field connecting sustainability focused ambidextrous practices within organizations area
• Distributed Leadership and School Improvement (2004) · doi

  It concludes by suggesting that, while evidence would suggest that distributed forms of leadership can assist capacity building within schools which contributes to school improvement, further research is needed to confirm a relationship between distributed forms of leadership and improved student learning outcomes.

  Keywords: distributed forms leadership concludes suggesting evidence suggest assist capacity building within schools contributes school improvement