It extends previous studies that showed contradictory results by demonstrating that the relationship with parental subjective well-being may vary by local work-care culture and family resources.

The gap

Consensus across the literature

Supporting evidence — 5 representative gaps

• Mediating Roles of Self-Reflection and Insight in the Relationship between the Differentiation of Self and PERMA Model of Well-Being (2026) · doi

  Keyes, C. L. M., Shmotkin, D., & Ryff, C. D. (2002). Optimizing well-being: The empirical encounter of two traditions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82(6), 1007 1022. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.82.6.1007 Krycak, R. C., Murdock, N. L., & Marszalek, J. M. (2012). Differentiation of self, stress, and emotional support as predictors of psychological distress. Contemporary Family Therapy, 34, 495–515. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10591-012-9207-5 Kun, Á., Balogh, P., & Krasz, K. G. (2016). Development of the work-related well-being questionnaire based on Seligman’s PERMA model. Periodica Polytechnica Social and Management Sciences, 25(1), 56–63. https://doi.org/10.3311/PPso.9326 Lampis, J., Cataudella, S., Speziale, R., & Elat, S. (2019). The role of differentiation of self 90–97.

  Keywords: https well social differentiation self keyes shmotkin ryff optimizing empirical encounter traditions journal personality psychology
• Longitudinal Serial Mediation Study after the 2023 Earthquake in Türkiye: Associations Between Difficulties in Emotion Regulation, Psychological Distress, Resilience and Mental Well-Being (2025) · doi

  Abstract Although the concepts of mental well-being, difficulties in emotion regulation, resilience, and psychological distress have been investigated in cross-sectional studies, their absence from a longitudinal study demonstrates a gap in the literature.

  Keywords: abstract concepts mental well difficulties emotion regulation resilience psychological distress investigated cross sectional absence longitudinal
• Expansion of Full-Day Childcare and Subjective Well-Being of Mothers: Interdependencies with Culture and Resources (2016) · doi

  It extends previous studies that showed contradictory results by demonstrating that the relationship with parental subjective well-being may vary by local work-care culture and family resources.

  Keywords: extends previous contradictory demonstrating relationship parental subjective well vary local care culture family resources
• The Myth of the Migrant Homeless: An Exploration of the Psychosocial Consequences of Migration (1999) · doi

  This article attempts to fill the gap in the literature by comprehensively examining differences in the two groups in terms of demographic characteristics, psychological and social resources, life stressors and circumstances, and psychological well-being.

  Keywords: psychological article attempts fill literature comprehensively examining differences groups terms demographic characteristics social resources life
• The Role of Family Functioning and Social Connectedness in Shaping Individual Quality of Life During the COVID-19 Pandemic (2025) · doi

  While family and social interactions and bonds are known to enhance psychological adjustment and well-being, their role in influencing individual quality of life during times of crisis remains underexplored.

  Keywords: family social interactions bonds known enhance psychological adjustment well role influencing individual quality life times