The findings support the use and benefit of counseling interventions in primary prevention, while the interpretation of the results is limited by the retrospective study design and sample size.

The gap

Consensus across the literature

Supporting evidence — 5 representative gaps

• The Prevention of Depression in Children and Adolescents: A Review (2009) · doi

  Future research is needed to establish an empirical base for the prevention of depression in high-risk youth and should: focus on targeted and indicated prevention approaches, attend to moderators of intervention effects, include approaches that aim to enhance the family environment, attend to nonspecific risk factors for disorder, and focus on the dissemination phase of prevention research.

  Keywords: prevention risk focus approaches attend future needed establish empirical base depression high youth targeted moderators
• Research Review: Can we justify the widespread dissemination of universal, school‐based interventions for the prevention of depression among children and adolescents? (2007) · doi

  The limited evidence available brings into doubt the efficacy and effectiveness of current universal, school-based approaches to the prevention of depression, suggesting that the widespread dissemination of such interventions would be premature.

  Keywords: limited evidence available brings doubt efficacy effectiveness current universal school based approaches prevention depression suggesting
• Trends in depression prevalence in the USA from 2005 to 2015: widening disparities in vulnerable groups (2017) · doi

  Further research into understanding the macro level, micro level, and individual factors that are contributing to the increase in depression, including factors specific to demographic subgroups, would help to direct public health prevention and intervention efforts.

  Keywords: level factors further understanding macro micro individual contributing increase depression including specific demographic subgroups help
• Preventing adolescent depression with the family check-up: Examining family conflict as a mechanism of change. (2015) · doi

  Family-centered prevention programs are understudied for their effects on adolescent depression, despite considerable evidence that supports their effectiveness for preventing escalation in youth problem behavior and substance use.

  Keywords: family centered prevention programs understudied effects adolescent depression despite considerable evidence supports effectiveness preventing escalation
• Opakované návštevy klientov v Poradni zdravia a ich asociácia so zmenami lipidových parametrov (2026) · doi

  The findings support the use and benefit of counseling interventions in primary prevention, while the interpretation of the results is limited by the retrospective study design and sample size.

  Keywords: support benefit counseling interventions primary prevention interpretation limited retrospective design sample size