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Open research questions in Healthcare Systems and Reforms

251 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 1,763 Healthcare Systems and Reforms papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • The study identifies challenges associated with the implementation of the DRG policy in a resource-constrained setting. The study highlights the need to address the challenges and opportunities associated with the implementation of the DRG policy. The study notes the importance of evaluating the effectiveness of the DRG policy in different healthcare settings.

    Impact of DRG policy on the performance of tertiary hospital inpatient services in Chongqing, China: an interrupted time series study, 2020–2023 · 2025 · DOI

  • Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term effects of the DRG policy - Research should be conducted to compare the effects of the DRG policy in different regions - Studies should investigate the impact of the DRG policy on other aspects of healthcare

    Impact of DRG policy on the performance of tertiary hospital inpatient services in Chongqing, China: an interrupted time series study, 2020–2023 · 2025 · DOI

  • Insufficient investment in primary health care. Weak overall performance of primary health care systems in low- and middle-income countries. Lack of contextualized implementation approaches for strengthening primary health care.

    Strengthening primary health care in low- and middle-income countries: furthering structural changes in the post-pandemic era · 2024 · DOI

  • The study faces challenges in addressing potential sample selection biases due to the non-randomized nature of the DIP payment reform. There is a need to control for unobserved time-variant heterogeneity between hospitals. The study must account for the skewed distribution of health expenditure variables.

    How significant is cost-shifting behavior under the diagnosis intervention packet payment reform? Evidence from the coronary heart disease market · 2024 · DOI

  • exploring the heterogeneity of the cost-containment and cost-shifting effects of DIP across various hospital dimensions, - examining the influence of DIP payment reform on other diseases or patient groups, - investigating the long-term effects of DIP payment reform

    How significant is cost-shifting behavior under the diagnosis intervention packet payment reform? Evidence from the coronary heart disease market · 2024 · DOI

  • The study faces challenges in identifying the key determinants influencing the choice of cities for URRBMI integration. There is a lack of specific documents as reference standards for the selection of cities for URRBMI integration. The study must address the randomness issue in the selection of cities for URRBMI integration.

    Impact of Urban-Rural Resident Basic Medical Insurance integration on individual social fairness perceptions: evidence from rural China · 2024 · DOI

  • Further research is needed to explore the impact of URRBMI on rural residents' SFP in different regions - Research could investigate the effect of different integration models on rural residents' SFP

    Impact of Urban-Rural Resident Basic Medical Insurance integration on individual social fairness perceptions: evidence from rural China · 2024 · DOI

  • Further research is needed to fully understand the effects of NEMP, - Studies should investigate the impact of NEMP on other healthcare system components, - Research should explore the potential of NEMP to improve healthcare outcomes in rural and impoverished areas

    Short- and long-term impacts of the National Essential Medicines Policy on drug availability, price, and usage in a deprived rural county in southwestern China: an interrupted time series analysis across 8 years · 2024 · DOI

  • Empirical evidence on the long-term impacts of NEMP is lacking, particularly in remote and rural regions. The study aims to fill this gap by examining the policy's effects on drug availability, price, and usage.

    Short- and long-term impacts of the National Essential Medicines Policy on drug availability, price, and usage in a deprived rural county in southwestern China: an interrupted time series analysis across 8 years · 2024 · DOI

  • ABSTRACT China has substantially reformed its medical insurance system to enable direct cross‐regional settlement of medical expenses since the late 2000s, yet little is known about how different forms of medical insurance participation—local enrollment vs.

    Local Enrollment or Cross‐Regional Portability? Public Healthcare Service Utilization and Older Migrants' Settlement Intentions in China · 2026 · DOI

  • Objectives Social security benefits are associated with better psychological health among older adults in resource-limited settings, yet the mechanisms underlying this association remain underexplored.

    Beyond Cash: Associations Between Social Security Benefits, Healthcare Accessibility, and Psychological Health Among Older Adults in Tanzania · 2026 · DOI

  • Background: In the Philippines, despite recent health system reforms, barriers to healthcare access and financial protection persist, and the role of parental migration in shaping healthcare access among university students remains incompletely understood.

    Health and Healthcare-Related Experiences Among Filipino University Students: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive and Unadjusted Comparative Study · 2026 · DOI

  • But few studies have explored PHC physicians' needs and preferences for CME training programs.

    Discrete choice experiment on the preferences for continuing medical education training programs among primary health care physicians in China · 2025 · DOI

  • Future research should explore longitudinal data to confirm these findings and investigate potential moderating effects of predisposing and enabling factors on WM and KM interactions.

    An Integrative Path Model of Healthcare Utilization Determinants in Traditional Korean Medicine and Western Medicine Based on the Anderson Behavioral Model · 2025 · DOI

  • Despite their importance, limited research exists on the characteristics and determinants of HNHC pediatric patients in China.

    Characteristics and related factors of high-need high-cost children in Shanghai, China: a retrospective cohort study in inpatient setting · 2025 · DOI

  • BACKGROUND: Little is known about the association between catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) and mental health in elderly population and its potential moderators.

    Association between catastrophic health expenditure and mental health among elderly in China: the potential role of income and social activity · 2025 · DOI

  • How this policy change relates to insurance coverage and health-care use among older adults has not been examined with nationally representative longitudinal data.

    Changes in health insurance coverage and healthcare utilization of middle-aged and older adults after the transition from Seguro Popular to INSABI · 2025 · DOI

  • While previous research has primarily focused on the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) or community-based health insurance (CBHI), few studies have collectively examined the factors influencing enrolment across different types of insurance-namely, community-based, employer-sponsored, and private schemes.

    Analysing the determinants of healthcare insurance uptake in Nigeria · 2025 · DOI

  • Despite extensive research on professional values guiding ethical practice in healthcare, their economic benefits and impact on healthcare workers’ self-rated health remain significantly underexplored.

    The dual benefits of professional values on income and health among healthcare workers in China: a cross-sectional study · 2025 · DOI

  • Existing discussions and evaluations regarding the accessibility of health rights for minority rural migrants are insufficient.

    Effect of health rights accessibility on the urban integration of minority rural migrants in China: a cross-sectional study · 2024 · DOI

  • BACKGROUND: Unmet health needs are particularly important to people with disabilities; however, these unmet needs owing to limitations in daily life have been under-researched thus far.

    Effects of disability-related limitations in daily living on unmet needs: a longitudinal-study1 · 2024 · DOI

  • BACKGROUND: Although one's socioeconomic status affects health outcomes, limited research explored how South Korea's National Health Insurance (NHI) system affects mortality rates.

    Disparities in cause-specific mortality by health insurance type and premium: evidence from Korean NHIS-HEALS cohort study, 2002–2019 · 2024 · DOI

  • The excerpt suggests that national health leadership involvement enhances accountability and organisational coherence (based on Indian findings), but the present study focuses only on institutional-level factors at Osh City Clinical Hospital; research examining the specific role of Kyrgyzstan's national health governance structures, policy frameworks, and leadership directives in shaping hospital-level accountability mechanisms is absent.

    Social Responsibility: Analysis of The Quality of Medical Care Provided In Kyrgyzstan (Patient Assessment) · 2026 · DOI

  • The paper identifies that financing and resource constraints at public regional hospitals shape patient perceptions differently than in private competitive settings, but provides no empirical data on the specific funding levels, equipment availability, or staffing budgets at Osh City Clinical Hospital; quantitative analysis linking hospital financial capacity to measurable quality indicators (equipment functionality, staff-to-patient ratios, infrastructure maintenance) would clarify how resource constraints directly affect the quality of medical care in Kyrgyzstan.

    Social Responsibility: Analysis of The Quality of Medical Care Provided In Kyrgyzstan (Patient Assessment) · 2026 · DOI

  • The study faces challenges in identifying the effects of the policy due to the lack of a natural control group. The study must address potential biases and confounding variables in the analysis.

    The Impact of Outpatient Pooling Reform on Patients’ Out-of-Pocket Burden: Evidence from China · 2026 · DOI

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251 open questions have been extracted from the limitations and future-work passages of 1,763 Healthcare Systems and Reforms papers in our library. Each one below links back to the study that raised it, so you can read the original claim in context.

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