The synthesis of metal‐organic framework (MOF)

The gap

Evidence profile

Sourced from the future work and abstract and stated research gap of the source papers, classified as general, drawn from work published between 2023 and 2026, spanning 3 journals. Those papers have been cited 394 times in total.

Supporting evidence — 6 representative gaps

• Benefits and complexity of defects in metal-organic frameworks (2024) · Communications Materials · cited 60× · doi

  Benefits and complexity of defects in metal-organic frameworks https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-024-00691-1 N. S. Portillo-Vélez1, Juan L. Obeso2,3, José Antonio de los Reyes4, Ricardo A. Peralta 1 Ilich A. Ibarra2,5 & Michael T.

  generalfuture workevidence 5/5
  Keywords: bene complexity defects metal organic frameworks https portillo juan obeso antonio reyes ricardo peralta ilich
• Benefits and complexity of defects in metal-organic frameworks (2024) · Communications Materials · cited 60× · doi

  Bennett, T. D. & Horike, S. Liquid, glass and amorphous solid states of coordination polymers and metal–organic frameworks. Nat. Rev. Mater. 3, 431–440 (2018). 75. Gaillac, R. et al. Liquid metal–organic frameworks. Nat. Mater. 16, 76. 1149–1154 (2017). Kang, J. et al. Dynamic three-dimensional structures of a metal–organic framework captured with femtosecond serial crystallography. Nat. Chem. 16, 693–699 (2024). 94. Cerasale, D. J., Ward, D. C. & Easun, T. L. MOFs in the time domain. 95. 96. Nat. Rev. Chem. 6, 9–30 (2022). Sapnik, A. F. et al. Mapping nanocrystalline disorder within an amorphous metal–organic framework. Commun. Chem. 6, 92 (2023). Tan, K. et al. Defect Termination in the UiO-66 Family of Metal–Organic Frameworks: The Role of Water and Modulator. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 143, 6328–6332 (2021). 77. Winarta, J. et al. A Decade of UiO-66 Research: A Historic Review of 97. McDonnell, R. P. et al. Anomalous Infrared Intensity Behavior of Dynamic Structure, Synthesis Mechanisms, and Characterization Techniques of an Archetypal Metal–Organic Framework. Cryst. Growth Des. 20, 1347–1362 (2020). Shaikh, S. M. et al. Synthesis and Defect Characterization of Phase- Pure Zr-MOFs Based on Meso-tetracarboxyphenylporphyrin. Inorg. Chem. 58, 5145–5153 (2019). 78. 79. Driscoll, D. M. et al. Characterization of Undercoordinated Zr Defect 80. 81. 82. 83. Sites in UiO-66 with Vibrational Spectroscopy of Adsorbed CO. J. Phys. Chem. C. 122, 14582–14589 (2018). Yin, J. et al. Molecular identification and quantification of defect sites in metal-organic frameworks with NMR probe molecules. Nat. Commun. 13, 5112 (2022). Sha, F. et al. Probing Structural Imperfections: Protein-Aided Defect Characterization in Metal–Organic Frameworks. ACS Mater. Lett., 1396–1403, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmaterialslett.4c00199 (2024). Klet, R. C., Liu, Y., Wang, T. C., Hupp, J. T. & Farha, O. K. Evaluation of Brønsted acidity and proton topology in Zr- and Hf-based metal–organic frameworks using potentiometric acid–base titration. J. Mater. Chem. A 4, 1479–1485 (2016). Fang, Z. et al. Structural Complexity in Metal–Organic Frameworks: Simultaneous Modification of Open Metal Sites and Hierarchical Porosity by Systematic Doping with Defective Linkers. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 136, 9627–9636 (2014). 98. Acetonitrile Diffused into UiO-67. Chem. Mat. 35, 8827–8839 (2023). Yang, D. & Gates, B. C. Elucidating and Tuning Catalytic Sites on Zirconium- and Aluminum-Containing Nodes of Stable Metal–Organic Frameworks. Acc. Chem. Res. 54, 1982–1991 (2021). Formalik, F., Shi, K., Joodaki, F., Wang, X. & Snurr, R. Q. Exploring the Structural, Dynamic, and Functional Properties of Metal-Organic Frameworks through Molecular Modeling. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2308130, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202308130 (2023). 100. Hou, J. et al. Halogenated Metal–Organic Framework Glasses and 99. Liquids. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 142, 3880–3890 (2020). 101. Yang, L.-M., Ganz, E., Svelle, S. & Tilset, M.

  generalfuture workevidence 5/5
  Keywords: metal organic chem frameworks mater defect framework characterization sites dynamic cation structural liquid amorphous mofs
• Benefits and complexity of defects in metal-organic frameworks (2024) · Communications Materials · cited 60× · doi

  McHugh, L. N. et al. Hydrolytic stability in hemilabile metal–organic frameworks. Nat. Chem. 10, 1096–1102 (2018). 117. Haigis, V., Coudert, F.-X., Vuilleumier, R., Boutin, A. & Fuchs, A. H. Hydrothermal Breakdown of Flexible Metal–Organic Frameworks: A Study by First-Principles Molecular Dynamics. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 6, 4365–4370 (2015). 118. Položij, M., Rubeš, M., Čejka, J. & Nachtigall, P. Catalysis by Dynamically Formed Defects in a Metal–Organic Framework Structure: Knoevenagel Reaction Catalyzed by Copper Benzene- 1,3,5-tricarboxylate. ChemCatChem 6, 2821–2824 (2014). 119. Baumgartner, B., Mashita, R., Fukatsu, A., Okada, K. & Takahashi, M. Guest Alignment and Defect Formation during Pore Filling in Metal–Organic Framework Films. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 61, e202201725 (2022). 120. Peralta, R. A. et al. Engineering Catalysis within a Saturated In(III)- Based MOF Possessing Dynamic Ligand–Metal Bonding. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 15, 1410–1417 (2023). 121. Obeso, J. L. et al. Gas-phase organometallic catalysis in MFM- 300(Sc) provided by switchable dynamic metal sites. Chem. Commun. 59, 3273–3276 (2023). 122. Lyu, P. et al. Ammonia Capture via an Unconventional Reversible Guest-Induced Metal-Linker Bond Dynamics in a Highly Stable Metal–Organic Framework. Chem. Mat. 33, 6186–6192 (2021). 123. Peralta, R. A. et al. Switchable Metal Sites in Metal–Organic Framework MFM-300(Sc): Lewis Acid Catalysis Driven by Metal–Hemilabile Linker Bond Dynamics. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 61, e202210857 (2022). 136. Larionov, K. P. & Evtushok, V. Y. From Synthesis Conditions to UiO- 66 Properties: Machine Learning Approach. Chem. Mat. 36, 4291–4302 (2024). 137. Allegretto, J. A., Onna, D., Bilmes, S. A., Azzaroni, O. & Rafti, M. Unified Roadmap for ZIF-8 Nucleation and Growth: Machine Learning Analysis of Synthetic Variables and Their Impact on Particle Size and Morphology. Chem. Mat. 36, 5814–5825 (2024). 138. Gonzalez, M. I. et al. Structural characterization of framework-gas interactions in the metal-organic framework Co2(dobdc) by in situ single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Chem. Sci. 8, 4387–4398 (2017). 139. Bloch, W. M., Champness, N. R. & Doonan, C. J. X-ray Crystallography in Open-Framework Materials. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 54, 12860–12867 (2015). 140. Karagiaridi, O., Bury, W., Mondloch, J. E., Hupp, J. T. & Farha, O. K. Solvent-Assisted Linker Exchange: An Alternative to the De Novo Synthesis of Unattainable Metal–Organic Frameworks. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 53, 4530–4540 (2014). 141. Brozek, C. K. & Dincă, M. Cation exchange at the secondary building units of metal–organic frameworks. Chem. Soc. Rev. 43, 5456–5467 (2014). 142. Kitaura, R. et al. Rational Design and Crystal Structure Determination of a 3-D Metal−Organic Jungle-Gym-like Open Framework. Inorg. Chem. 43, 6522–6524 (2004). 143. Lin, W. et al.

  generalfuture workevidence 5/5
  Keywords: metal chem organic framework linker frameworks catalysis angew dynamics exchange hemilabile structure guest peralta dynamic
• Benefits and complexity of defects in metal-organic frameworks (2024) · Communications Materials · cited 60× · doi

  Fu, G. et al. Enhanced Water Adsorption Performance of UiO-66 Modulated with p-Nitrobenzoic or p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid: Introduced Defects and Functional Groups. Inorg. Chem. 61, 17943–17950 (2022). 177. Lázaro, I. A. et al. Tuning the Photocatalytic Activity of Ti-Based Metal–Organic Frameworks through Modulator Defect-Engineered Functionalization. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 14, 21007–21017 (2022). 158. Tatay, S. et al. Synthetic control of correlated disorder in UiO-66 178. Fan, Z. et al. Defect Engineering of Copper Paddlewheel-Based frameworks. Nat. Commun. 14, 6962 (2023). 159. Guo, Z., Liu, X., Che, Y. & Xing, H. Crystal-Defect-Induced Longer Lifetime of Excited States in a Metal–Organic Framework Photocatalyst to Enhance Visible-Light-Mediated CO2 Reduction. Inorg. Chem. 63, 13005–13013 (2024). 160. Xing, S. et al. Cluster–Cluster Co-Nucleation Induced Defective Polyoxometalate-Based Metal–Organic Frameworks for Efficient Tandem Catalysis. Small, 2400410, https://doi.org/10.1002/smll. 202400410. 161. Damacet, P., Hannouche, K., Gouda, A. & Hmadeh, M. Controlled Growth of Highly Defected Zirconium–Metal–Organic Frameworks via a Reaction–Diffusion System for Water Remediation. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.3c16327 (2024). 162. Dai, S. et al. Highly defective ultra-small tetravalent MOF nanocrystals. Nat. Commun. 15, 3434 (2024). 163. Zhang, W. et al. Ruthenium Metal–Organic Frameworks with Different Defect Types: Influence on Porosity, Sorption, and Catalytic Properties. Chem. Eur. J. 22, 14297–14307 (2016). 164. Zhang, W. et al. Impact of Synthesis Parameters on the Formation of Defects in HKUST-1. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2017, 925–931 (2017). 165. Müller, K. et al. Water as a modulator in the synthesis of surfacemounted metal–organic framework films of type HKUST-1. Dalt. Trans. 47, 16474–16479 (2018). 166. Doan, H. V., Sartbaeva, A., Eloi, J.-C., A. Davis, S. & Ting, V. P. Defective hierarchical porous copper-based metal-organic frameworks synthesised via facile acid etching strategy. Sci. Rep. 9, 10887 (2019). 167. Wang, Z. et al. Defect Creation in Surface-Mounted Metal–Organic Framework Thin Films. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 12, 2655–2661 (2020). 168. Steenhaut, T., Grégoire, N., Barozzino-Consiglio, G., Filinchuk, Y. & Hermans, S. Mechanochemical defect engineering of HKUST-1 and impact of the resulting defects on carbon dioxide sorption and catalytic cyclopropanation. RSC Adv. 10, 19822–19831 (2020). 169. Rivera-Torrente, M., Filez, M., Meirer, F. & Weckhuysen, B. M. Multi- Spectroscopic Interrogation of the Spatial Linker Distribution in Defect-Engineered Metal–Organic Framework Crystals: The [Cu3(btc)2−(cydc)] Showcase. Chem. Eur. J. 26, 3614–3625 (2020). 170. Ferreira Sanchez, D. et al. Spatio-Chemical Heterogeneity of Defect- Metal–Organic Frameworks of Type NOTT-100: Implementing Truncated Linkers and Its Effect on Catalytic Properties. ACS Appl. Mater.

  generalfuture workevidence 5/5
  Keywords: metal organic defect frameworks chem based appl mater interfaces framework water defects inorg defective catalytic
• Ethanol‐Induced Ni 2+ ‐Intercalated Cobalt Organic Frameworks on Vanadium Pentoxide for Synergistically Enhancing the Performance of 3D‐Printed Micro‐Supercapacitors (2023) · Advanced Materials · cited 154× · doi

  Abstract The synthesis of metal‐organic framework (MOF) nanocomposites with high energy density and excellent mechanical strength is limited by the degree of lattice matching and crystal surface structure.

  generalabstractevidence 5/5
  Keywords: abstract synthesis metal organic framework nanocomposites high energy density excellent mechanical strength limited degree lattice
• Flux-mediated ligand exchange restructures metal–organic framework glasses (2026) · Nature Materials · doi

  The lack of structural and functional diversity in melt-quenched glasses derived from metal-organic frameworks. The need for a method to control local coordination and global topology in MOF glasses. The limited understanding of the effects of ligand exchange on the properties of MOF glasses.

  generalstated research gapevidence 5/5
  Keywords: lack structural functional diversity melt-quenched glasses derived metal-organic

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