Preventive and relaxing behaviors were the only ones significantly related to the relational components of well-being

The gap

Evidence profile

Sourced from the limitations section and conclusions of the source papers, classified as general, drawn from work published between 2024 and 2026, spanning 3 journals. Those papers have been cited 20 times in total.

Supporting evidence — 3 representative gaps

• Positive attitudes towards aging are associated with delayed mortality at 10 years: A population-based study (NEDICES). (2026) · Health Psychology · doi

  a broad group of sociodemographic factors, health conditions, and lifestyle habits was examined as potential covariates, but other confounders, such as personality traits or income, were not considered in the study - reverse causation bias (i.e., healthier individuals report more PA) may result in a false positive association between the exposure and outcome - although the PGCMS is a widely used well-being scale, the number of items for well-being domains may be limited

  generallimitations sectionevidence 5/5
  Keywords: broad group sociodemographic factors health conditions lifestyle habits
• From Good Expectancy to Good Feelings: How Optimism Is Related to Subjective Well-Being in Chinese Adults through the Pathway of Coping (2024) · Behavioral Sciences · cited 7× · doi

  The study used a cross-sectional design, which limits the ability to establish causality. The sample size was relatively small, with 272 participants in Study 2. The study only included Chinese adults, which may limit the generalizability of the findings to other populations. The assessment of subjective well-being was limited to a single-item measure in Study 1. The study did not control for all potential confounding variables.

  generallimitations sectionevidence 5/5
  Keywords: study used cross-sectional design limits ability establish causality
• Beyond the pandemic: physical activity and health behaviors as predictors of well-being among Filipino tertiary students (2025) · Frontiers in Psychology · cited 13× · doi

  Notably, preventive and relaxing behaviors were the only ones significantly related to the relational components of well- being, suggesting a complex connection between health behaviors and the social dimensions of well-being that warrants further investigation. This analysis addresses a critical gap in the literature by identifying specific behavioral trends linked to improved well-being outcomes.

  generalconclusionsevidence 3/5
  Keywords: well behaviors notably preventive relaxing ones related relational components suggesting complex connection health social dimensions

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