The lack of effective treatment methods for synthetic dye

The gap

Evidence profile

Stated in the limitations and cells research gap and cells future research sections of the source papers, classified as general, drawn from work published between 2025 and 2026, spanning 7 journals.

Supporting evidence — 8 representative gaps

• Inorganic Chemistry, Polymer Chemistry, and Solid State Chemistry Editor's Pick 2024 (2025) · Frontiers Research Topics · doi

  Textile industries are the major contributors to water and general environmental pollution as they release undesirable dye effluents (Yaseen and Scholz, 2019). Conventional wastewater treatment methods biological) and demonstrate several in the elimination of dyes, including low removal efficiencies towards non-biodegradable and refractory organic dyes as well as lengthy treatment times (Crini and Lichtfouse, 2019). These traditional methods are also not very destructive, and usually work by changing the dyes to another form and therefore cause the formation of secondary pollutants. A plethora of research has thus been conducted on the use of sonophotocatalysis as an alternative treatment method for wastewaters containing dyes as listed in Table 2 (Vinu and Madras, 2009; Paramarta and Saleh, 2018; Lops et al., 2019; Razaghi et al., 2021; Al-Hawary et al., 2023; Kucukcongar et al., 2023). et al. Al-Hawary (2023) depicted the mechanism of sonophotocatalytic treatment of dyes, using acid red 14 (AR14) as a model pollutant as shown in Figure 5. They reported that the AR14 dye removal can be achieved in solution and catalyst surface through sonolysis and sonocatalytic processes. They also reported that the combination of ultrasound and light radiation was highly efficient as it enhanced the formation of e–/h+ pairs in the valence and conduction bands of particles resulting in increased ROS generation. Their research findings also showed that the removal efficiency of AR14 increased with increasing operating parameters such as nanoparticle content, ultrasound frequency, and radiation power, while it decreased with increasing the initial pH and initial concentration of AR14 (Al-Hawary et al., 2023). Just as with photocatalysis, the degradation efficiency in the sonophotocatalysis process can be influenced by the morphology of materials used, since photosensitization occurs on the surface of the semiconductor. To prove this, Lops et al.

  generalstated in limitationsevidence 5/5
  Keywords: dyes treatment removal hawary formation sonophotocatalysis lops reported catalyst surface ultrasound radiation increased ciency increasing
• Infrared-assisted dyeing of cotton fabric using waste <i>Camellia sinensis</i> leaf extract (2026) · Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering · doi

  The textile industry's reliance on synthetic dyes poses environmental and health risks. - There is a need for sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic dyes.

  generalstated in cells research gapevidence 5/5
  Keywords: textile industry reliance synthetic dyes poses environmental health
• Preparation, Characterisation, and Application of a Chitosan–Zeolite Adsorbent for Efficient Congo Red Dye Removal from Aqueous solutions (2026) · Sustainable Engineering · doi

  The lack of effective treatment methods for synthetic dye removal. - The need for efficient and environmentally friendly adsorbents for pollution control.

  generalstated in cells research gapevidence 5/5
  Keywords: lack effective treatment methods synthetic dye removal need
• Synthesis Eco-friendly Biochar from Spent Coffee for Using to Remove Acidic and Basic Dyes from Aqueous Media (2026) · Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences · doi

  The lack of efficient and cost-effective methods for removing dyes from wastewater. - The need for alternative adsorbents that can effectively remove acidic and basic dyes.

  generalstated in cells research gapevidence 5/5
  Keywords: lack efficient cost-effective methods removing dyes wastewater need
• Efficient removal of methylene blue using Azolla/biochar composite: adsorption behavior and post-use valorization for methanol oxidation (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi

  The lack of efficient and sustainable materials for the removal of methylene blue dye from wastewater. - The need for reusable and recyclable materials for wastewater treatment.

  generalstated in cells research gapevidence 5/5
  Keywords: lack efficient sustainable materials removal methylene blue dye
• Ecofriendly bionanomaterials for dye laden wastewater treatment through synthesis characterization adsorption and photocatalysis (2026) · Discover Environment · doi

  Conventional treatment methods often fail to achieve complete removal or generate secondary waste. - There is a need for sustainable alternatives for dye removal from wastewater. - Bionanomaterials have the potential to address this gap.

  generalstated in cells research gapevidence 5/5
  Keywords: conventional treatment methods often fail achieve complete removal
• Ecofriendly bionanomaterials for dye laden wastewater treatment through synthesis characterization adsorption and photocatalysis (2026) · Discover Environment · doi

  Investigation of the scalability of bionanomaterials for dye removal. - Development of more efficient surface modification strategies. - Validation of bionanomaterials in real wastewater matrices.

  generalstated in cells future researchevidence 5/5
  Keywords: investigation scalability bionanomaterials dye removal development efficient surface
• Inorganic-Chemistry Approaches to the Treatment of Dye-Polluted Water: A Comparative Review of Five Methods (2026) · International Journal of Scientific Research and Modern Technology · doi

  There is a need for effective and efficient methods for treating dye-polluted water. - Inorganic-chemistry approaches have shown promise but require further research.

  generalstated in cells research gapevidence 5/5
  Keywords: there need effective efficient methods treating dye-polluted water

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