The study has a small sample size, which may limit

The gap

Evidence profile

Sourced from the limitations and limitations section and stated challenges of the source papers, classified as general, drawn from work published between 1981 and 2026, spanning 5 journals. Those papers have been cited 83 times in total.

Supporting evidence — 5 representative gaps

• The Relationship Between Orthorexia Nervosa Tendencies, Eating Attitudes, and Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms of Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study (2026) · Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry and Psychology · doi

  This study encountered some limitations. First, this sample consisted mainly of female students. Secondly, due to the cross-sectional nature of the study, causality of the relationships could not be evaluated. Third, current results are based on self-reports, which may be subject to potential bias.

  generallimitationsevidence 5/5
  Keywords: encountered limitations first sample consisted mainly female students secondly cross sectional nature causality relationships evaluated
• The concealed enslavement: Mobile phone addiction and subjective happiness among young adult Indian undergraduate women (2026) · Indian Journal of Forensic and Community Medicine · doi

  The study had inherent limitations arising from its design, including the lack of a control group and randomization. The study was cross-sectional, so cause-and-effect relationships could not be ascertained. The study used self-reporting, which is not an ideal diagnostic tool. The study's sample was limited to female undergraduate students, which may limit generalizability to the entire population.

  generallimitations sectionevidence 5/5
  Keywords: study had inherent limitations arising design including lack
• Audience uses and Gratifications: An Expectancy Model (1981) · Communication Research · cited 47× · doi

  The study has a small sample size, which may limit the generalizability of the findings. The data were collected from a limited population (undergraduate students in communication). The study is illustrative rather than substantive due to low levels of viewing and problems of attrition.

  generallimitations sectionevidence 5/5
  Keywords: study has small sample size limit generalizability findings
• Transdiagnostic processes in university mental health: the role of psychological inflexibility, impulsivity and stress in depression and life satisfaction using structural equation modeling (2026) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi

  The study faced challenges in terms of the non-probabilistic, non-clinical convenience sample, which may not be representative of the Ecuadorian university population. The cross-sectional design limited the ability to infer causal relationships. The study relied on self-report measures, which may be subject to biases and limitations.

  generalstated challengesevidence 5/5
  Keywords: study faced challenges terms non-probabilistic non-clinical convenience sample
• Social Network Characteristics and Psychological Well-Being: A Replication and Extension (1987) · Health Education Quarterly · cited 36× · doi

  The study is limited by the use of a cross-sectional design. The study is limited by the lack of standardization of measurements, making it difficult to compare findings across studies. The study is limited by the operational confounding of independent, moderating, and dependent variables.

  generallimitations sectionevidence 5/5
  Keywords: study limited use cross-sectional design lack standardization measurements

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