The study relies on survey data from 126 students without

The gap

Evidence profile

Sourced from the limitations of the source papers, classified as data gap, drawn from work published between 2024 and 2026, spanning 6 journals.

Supporting evidence — 6 representative gaps

• The Impact of Artificial Intelligent Tools on Students’ Learning (2026) · INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER RESEARCH · doi

  The study relies on survey data from 126 students without specification of demographic diversity, institutional context, or geographic scope, limiting generalizability.

  data gaplimitationsevidence 5/5
  Keywords: relies survey students without specification demographic diversity institutional context geographic scope limiting generalizability
• Business-led informal STEM outreach: bridging industry, education, and workforce development (2026) · Disciplinary and Interdisciplinary Science Education Research · doi

  The small qualitative sample size constrains applicability and prevents systematic analysis of variations in program activities across different audience types (age groups, prior STEM interest levels, socioeconomic backgrounds); a larger sample across diverse student populations would strengthen reliability.

  data gaplimitationsevidence 5/5
  Keywords: BISO student engagement sample size audience diversity STEM interest variation
• Development of An Environmental Chemistry Module Based on Green Chemistry Principles Through Project Activities (2024) · Journal of The Indonesian Society of Integrated Chemistry · doi

  Student sample characteristics, sample size justification, and demographic information are not provided in the excerpt, limiting assessment of research validity and applicability.

  data gaplimitationsevidence 4/5
  Keywords: sample student characteristics size justification demographic information provided excerpt limiting assessment validity applicability
• Transforming Environmental Education by Innovative Approaches to Teaching Sustainability and Biodiversity in the 21st Century (2026) · Natural and Engineering Sciences · doi

  The paper does not specify the sample size, demographic characteristics, or geographic scope of the study, limiting generalizability of findings across different educational contexts and student populations.

  data gaplimitationsevidence 4/5
  Keywords: specify sample size demographic characteristics geographic scope limiting generalizability across different educational contexts student populations
• Significance of Cultural Diversity in Instructional Learning among Students at Higher Education (2026) · ProScholar Insights · doi

  The research is conducted at higher education institutions but does not specify the geographic location, number of institutions studied, or demographic characteristics of the sample, limiting generalizability across different regional and institutional contexts.

  data gaplimitationsevidence 4/5
  Keywords: institutions conducted higher education specify geographic location number studied demographic characteristics sample limiting generalizability across
• EMOGI-PDT: A proposed e-tool to aid students’ development of understanding in analyzing descriptive texts (2026) · International Journal of Education, Learning, and Pedagogical Sciences (INJELPS) · doi

  The paper does not specify the sample size of students who evaluated the tool, making it unclear whether the findings are representative of a broader student population.

  data gaplimitationsevidence 4/5
  Keywords: specify sample size students evaluated tool making unclear whether representative broader student population

Questions about this gap