Alternative approaches to improve therapeutics delivery

The gap

Evidence profile

Sourced from the stated research gap and future-work section of the source papers, classified as general, drawn from work published between 2024 and 2026, spanning 3 journals. Those papers have been cited 252 times in total.

Supporting evidence — 5 representative gaps

• Oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity of HCC2998 colon carcinoma cells by ZnO nanoparticles synthesized from Calophyllum teysmannii (2024) · Scientific Reports · cited 53× · doi

  The use of plant extracts for the production of metal nanoparticles is a promising area of research that requires further investigation. The production of zinc oxide nanoparticles using plant extracts has been reported in several studies, but the cytotoxic effects of these nanoparticles on cancer cells have not been fully explored.

  generalstated research gap
  Keywords: use plant extracts production metal nanoparticles promising area
• Oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity of HCC2998 colon carcinoma cells by ZnO nanoparticles synthesized from Calophyllum teysmannii (2024) · Scientific Reports · cited 53× · doi

  Further research is needed to explore the potential applications of green synthesis of nanoparticles in the field of medicine. The cytotoxic effects of the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles on other types of cancer cells should be investigated. The mechanisms underlying the cytotoxic effects of the nanoparticles on cancer cells should be further studied.

  generalfuture-work section
  Keywords: further research needed explore potential applications green synthesis
• Cutting-edge developments in zinc oxide nanoparticles: synthesis and applications for enhanced antimicrobial and UV protection in healthcare solutions (2024) · RSC Advances · cited 146× · doi

  Continued research efforts and collaborative initiatives are necessary to fully harness the potential of zinc oxide nanoparticles in developing advanced healthcare solutions. Future studies should investigate the potential applications of zinc oxide nanoparticles in various fields, including catalysis, sensing, biomedicine, and optoelectronics.

  generalfuture-work section
  Keywords: continued research efforts collaborative initiatives necessary fully harness
• Selective cytotoxicity of zinc peroxide and tetrapodal zinc oxide micro-nanoparticles against breast cancer cells: synthesis, characterization, and therapeutic potential (2026) · Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine · doi

  There is a need for alternative approaches to improve therapeutics delivery and reduce non-specific effects. The cytotoxic effects of ZnO₂ nanoparticles on breast cancer cells and fibroblasts need to be evaluated.

  generalstated research gapevidence 5/5
  Keywords: there need alternative approaches improve therapeutics delivery reduce
• Selective cytotoxicity of zinc peroxide and tetrapodal zinc oxide micro-nanoparticles against breast cancer cells: synthesis, characterization, and therapeutic potential (2026) · Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine · doi

  Further studies are required to validate these observations in more complex biological systems. The underlying mechanisms of the cytotoxic effects of ZnO₂ nanoparticles need to be clarified. In vivo studies are needed to explore the potential of ZnO₂ nanoparticles in clinical applications.

  generalfuture-work sectionevidence 5/5
  Keywords: further studies required validate observations complex biological systems

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