Open research questions in Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies

What the literature leaves open

• With the rapid expansion of energy storage applications into harsh environments, the demand for batteries capable of reliable operation at sub-zero temperatures has never been greater. ASSBs have significant potential due to their nonflammable SEs, improved thermal stability, and enhanced safety compared to conventional LIBs. However, despite 3 Page 28 of 35 Nano-Micro Lett. (2027) 19:3 Fig. 11 Key strategies from the material to the system level for stable low-temperature operation notable advancements, achieving stable performance under extremely low-temperature conditions remains a critical challenge. As shown in Fig. 11, future research must take a comprehensive approach that integrates interfacial engineering, electrode architecture optimization, mechanistic understanding, and system-level strategies to overcome the intrinsic Li-ion transport and stability limitations of ASSBs at low temperatures. At room temperature, ionic transport properties vary significantly depending on the material system. Transitionmetal oxide cathodes typically exhibit Li-ion diffusivity in the range of 10−14 to 10−9 cm2 s −1, while graphite anodes show relatively higher values on the order of 10−7 to 10−6 cm2 s −1 at room temperature [138–141]. Solid electrolytes exhibit a wide range of ionic conductivities depending on their material type. Sulfide-based solid electrolytes typically show high ionic conductivities on the order of 10 −2 S cm−1, whereas oxide- and polymer-based systems generally exhibit lower values around 10−4 S cm−1 [142–146]. However, under low-temperature conditions, ionic transport in all these systems is significantly suppressed due to reduced ion mobility. Therefore, achieving ionic transport properties that approach those at room temperature, or at least maintaining comparable orders of magnitude, remains a critical challenge for enabling reliable low-temperature ASSB operation. One of the most critical challenges in low-temperature ASSBs lies at the solid–solid interfaces, where poor physical contact, interfacial side reactions, and unstable interphases collectively hinder Li-ion transport. At sub-zero temperatures, thermal contraction and mechanical mismatch exacerbate contact loss, leading to non-uniform Li-ion flux. Unintended interfacial side reactions can block Li-ion transport pathways and increase interfacial resistance, thereby accelerating overall cell degradation. Future research should focus on advanced interfacial engineering strategies, such as the introduction of artificial buffer layers, surface modification techniques, and optimized electrode composites, to maintain robust and stable solid–solid contacts under harsh conditions. In addition to interfacial stability, the design of electrode architecture plays a critical role in enhancing lowtemperature performance.

  Low-Temperature All-Solid-State Batteries · 2026 · DOI

• Abstract Solid-state sodium batteries offer a promising route toward safe and cost-effective energy storage, yet their practical implementation remains limited by the difficulty of coupling fast ion transport with stable electrode–electrolyte interfaces, especially under fast-charging and long-cycling conditions.

  Engineering ion migration and interface chemistry via covalent organic framework-enhanced polymer electrolytes for fast-charging sodium solid-state batteries · 2026 · DOI

• High sulfur loading is essential for achieving practical high-energy-density LSBs. This review systematically summarizes recent research trends on key design elements for dry thick sulfur cathodes, including control of electronic and ionic transport, structural stabilization, and suppression of the polysulfide shuttle. In addition, structural and processing strategies applicable to LSB systems have been proposed based on dry thick electrode studies reported for LIB systems. This review further discusses operando and in situ electrochemical analyses, as well as microstructural characterization techniques, for directly investigating reaction mechanisms and structural evolution in thick electrodes. Through integrated interpretation of these analyses, such approaches will play a critical role in the mechanism-based design and optimization of dry thick sulfur cathodes. Moving forward, dry thick sulfur cathodes should be developed to simultaneously meet practical requirements such as high sulfur loading and lean electrolyte conditions. Although many studies have demonstrated the feasibility of dry processing, most remain limited to relatively low sulfur loadings and therefore do not fully realize the advantages of dry thick electrodes. Accordingly, practical cell designs must achieve high sulfur loading, high sulfur utilization, high sulfur fraction, low E/S ratio, and low N/P ratio, while maintaining stable electrochemical performance at the pouch-cell level. To this end, the following strategies should be explored. (1) Materials exploration and design strategies Sulfur/carbon conductive composites are fundamental materials for thick sulfur cathodes. For practical applications, increasing sulfur content is necessary; however, the fraction of conductive additives cannot be increased indefinitely, and the carbon structure must provide both sufficient electronic conductivity and polysulfide accommodation. Therefore, hierarchical pore design that integrates micropores for sulfur confinement, mesopores for electrolyte accessibility, and macropores for transport is critical. During the first discharge, sulfur undergoes approximately an 80% volume expansion, which can compromise electrode structural integrity. In this regard, the use of prelithiated sulfur, such as Li2S, as the initial active material may offer advantages, as the volume contraction during the first charge can generate additional porosity within the electrode[113,114]. This can alleviate the issue of low initial porosity in dry dense electrodes and facilitate electrolyte infiltration, representing a viable research direction. Moreover, such strategies may enable extension to anode-free cell configurations, offering potential for ultrahigh-energy-density cell design. The design of conductive additives serves as a critical factor governing both electronic transport and structural stability in thick sulfur cathodes.

  Dry-processed thick electrodes for high-energy-density lithium-sulfur batteries · 2026 · DOI

• 2025 (2025). URL https://www.iea.org/reports/global-critical-minerals-outlook-2025. 19. Lu, Y., Wang, L., Cheng, J. & Goodenough, J. B. Prussian blue: a new framework of electrode materials for sodium batteries. Chem. Commun. 48, 6544–6546 (2012). 20. Pasta, M. et al. Full open-framework batteries for stationary energy storage. Nat. Commun. 5, 3007 (2014). 21. Hurlbutt, K., Wheeler, S., Capone, I. & Pasta, M. Prussian Blue Analogs as Battery Materials. Joule 2, 1950–1960 (2018). 22. Wessells, C. D., Peddada, S. V., McDowell, M. T., Huggins, R. A. & Cui, Y. The Effect of Insertion Species on Nanostructured Open Framework Hexacyanoferrate Battery Electrodes. J. Electrochem. Soc. 159, A98–A103 (2011). 23. Li, W. et al. Chemically diverse and multifunctional hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites. Nat. Rev. Mater. 2, 16099 (2017). 14 24. Sharpe, A. G. The chemistry of cyano complexes of the transition metals. Organometallic chemistry (Academic Press, London; New York, 1976). 25. Wu, X. et al. Highly Crystallized Na2CoFe(CN)6 with Suppressed Lattice Defects as Superior Cathode Material for Sodium-Ion Batteries. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 8, 5393–5399 (2016). 26. Moritomo, Y., Kurihara, Y., Matsuda, T. & Kim, J. Structural phase diagram of Mn-Fe cyanide against cation concentration. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 80, 103601 (2011). 27. Cattermull, J., Pasta, M. & Goodwin, A. L. Structural complexity in Prussian blue analogues. Mater. Horiz. 8, 3178–3186 (2021). 28. Jiang, L. et al. Building aqueous K-ion batteries for energy storage. Nat. Energy 4, 495–503 (2019). 29. Cattermull, J. et al. Uncovering the Interplay of Competing Distortions in the Prussian Blue Analogue K2Cu[Fe(CN)6]. Chem. Mater. 34, 5000–5008 (2022). 30. Cattermull, J., Pasta, M. & Goodwin, A. L. Predicting Distortion Magnitudes in Prussian Blue Analogues. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 145, 24471–24475 (2023). 31. Bie, X., Kubota, K., Hosaka, T., Chihara, K. & Komaba, S. A novel K-ion battery: hexacyanoferrate(II)/graphite cell. J. Mater. Chem. A 5, 4325–4330 (2017). 32. Fiore, M. et al. Paving the Way toward Highly Efficient, High-Energy Potassium-Ion Batteries with Ionic Liquid Electrolytes. Chem. Mater. 32, 7653–7661 (2020). 33. Cattermull, J., Roth, N., Cassidy, S. J., Pasta, M. & Goodwin, A. L. K-ion Slides in Prussian Blue Analogues. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 145, 24249–24259 (2023). 34. Wessells, C. D., Huggins, R. A. & Cui, Y. Copper hexacyanoferrate battery electrodes with long cycle life and high power. Nat. Commun. 2, 550 (2011). 35. Hosaka, T., Fukabori, T., Kojima, H., Kubota, K. & Komaba, S. Effect of particle size and anion vacancy on electrochemical potassium ion insertion into potassium manganese hexacyanoferrates. ChemSusChem 14, 1166–1175 (2021). 15 36. Deng, L. et al. Defect-free potassium manganese hexacyanoferrate cathode material for highperformance potassium-ion batteries. Nat. Commun. 12, 2167 (2021). 37. Dhir, S. et al.

  Nonequilibrium ion transport in a hybrid battery material · 2026 · DOI

• In this review, we summarize the advances in K-S battery research, focusing on materials engineering and theoretical calculations. At the materials level, significant improvements have been achieved in the overall electrochemical performance of K-S batteries, with the core objective of mitigating the polysulfide shuttle. In addition to these experimental advances, theoretical simulations have provided crucial microscale insights. DFT calculations have provided atomic-scale insights into adsorption energy, reaction and diffusion barriers, and electronic structure characteristics, while MD simulations have elucidated dynamic processes including ion transport, polysulfide dissolution behavior, and solvation structure evolution. Despite these significant advances, K-S batteries are still far from large-scale practical applications. The reported electrochemical performance remains unsatisfactory, and several deeply rooted challenges must be resolved. First, the severe shuttle effect caused by the high solubility of potassium polysulfides leads to continuous active material loss, rapid capacity decay, and corrosion of the potassium metal anode. Second, the highly reactive potassium metal anode suffers from an unstable SEI and pronounced dendrite growth, Huang et al. Energy Mater. 2026, 6, 600057 Page 17 of 21 Figure 6. Applications of MD for K-S batteries. (A) Snapshot and K+ solvation structure (Reproduced with permission from. Copyright 2024, Wiley-VCH GmbH). (B) K+ solvation structure (Reproduced with permission from. Copyright 2023, Wiley-VCH GmbH). resulting in low Coulombic efficiency and serious safety hazards. Third, the large ionic radius of K+ induces substantial volume expansion during cycling, which compromises the structural integrity of host materials. These bottlenecks demand a concerted effort from both experimental materials innovation and theoretical simulation analysis. Several research directions that specifically target the above constraints deserve particular attention. (1) Computational screening of catalytic hosts to suppress the shuttle effect The severe polysulfide shuttle demands host materials that not only adsorb K2Sn effectively but also accelerate their catalytic conversion to short-chain products. Polar host materials with catalytic activity and moderate adsorption strength are promising candidates. Future work should combine high-throughput DFT calculations to evaluate adsorption energies and Gibbs free energy profiles of the sulfur reduction reaction for a large library of hosts. AIMD simulations can further elucidate the dynamic decomposition and conversion of polysulfides at the interface. Experimentally, these computational predictions should be validated by in situ Raman, X-ray diffraction and electrochemical testing, closing the loop between theory and experiment.

  Advanced materials and computational methods in potassium-sulfur batteries · 2026 · DOI

• SPEs are one key component for developing next-generation high-energy and high-safety solid-state batteries. Over the past decade, aiming at commercialization, great efforts were devoted to PEO-based SPEs to tackle their challenges for practical application. While intermolecular strategies, such as GPEs and IPHEs, have been intensely overviewed, this review summarizes the more intrinsic yet fundamental strategy–intramolecular designs, classifying them into topological and chemical methodologies. Encouragingly, current progresses in intramolecular strategy indicate a comprehensive improvement of PEO matrix itself, including not only ionic conductivity and t+, but also mechanical and highvoltage stabilities, providing a more powerful material for building high-performance SSEs and solid-state batteries. More importantly, through systematic summary, current issues and future research directions of PEO-based SPEs are identified and carefully proposed, respectively (Fig. 18). (1) While introduction of a rigid block can enhance the mechanical strength at elevated temperatures, the linear structure of PEO block and its crystallization feature at RT do not change, leading to a low ionic conductivity at RT (≤ 10−5 S cm−1). Thus, the application of SPEs based on BCP architecture should focus more on hightemperature scenarios, owing to their better electrochemo-mechanical stabilities at 60 ~ 150 °C. (2) Crosslinking SPEs exhibit excellent mechanical strength and dendrite resistibility due to their 3D network structure. However, the segmental 370 Page 32 of 42 Nano-Micro Lett. (2026) 18:370 Fig. 18 Schematic diagram of current challenges and future research directions for PEO-based SPEs motion of PEO is also constrained, necessitating plasticizer addition for adequate RT conductivity and electrochemical performance. Using these SPEs to fabricate quasi-solid-state batteries is an important pathway to next-generation high-energy high-safety batteries, despite a failure to achieve all solid state. And it has also demonstrated significant application potential in the field of flexible devices. (3) Brush-like architectures based on short PEO side chains can effectively suppress or eliminate PEO crystallization, increasing ionic conductivity to 10−4 S cm−1 level at RT. However, such structures intrinsically exhibit low mechanical strength. Combining crosslinking and side-chain grafted strategies to constructing short-brush crosslinked network, which can achieve high mechanical strength while maintain rapid ion transportation, is the most promising SPE route to high-performance all-solidstate LMBs. (4) Applying Li||high-voltage systems to replace current intensely used Li||LFP test model is imperative, which can truly judge the validity of SPEs when serving in high-energy–density LMBs.

  Intramolecular Design of Poly(ethylene oxide) for Solid-State Electrolytes and Next-Generation High-Energy Batteries · 2026 · DOI

• The Si@MOF symmetric cell demonstrated stable cycling for 1200 h at 0.2 mA cm⁻², but performance at higher current densities (≥1.0 mA cm⁻²) and longer cycle numbers (>500 cycles in full cells) with quantified capacity fade mechanisms for PVDF-fiber-supported composite electrolytes remains unvalidated for practical high-power solid-state lithium-ion battery commercialization.

  Revisiting the Modification Strategies of Alloy-Base Anode for Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries Through Deconstructing Anode-Interface-Solid Electrolyte · 2026 · DOI

• The ZIF-67 precursor's thermal stability and carbonization process were described qualitatively, but the specific temperature windows (heating rates, duration, inert atmosphere composition) required to achieve optimal nitrogen-doped carbon structure while maintaining inherited high specific surface area and uniform metal distribution in MOF-derived composites for alloy-base anodes have not been systematically mapped.

  Revisiting the Modification Strategies of Alloy-Base Anode for Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries Through Deconstructing Anode-Interface-Solid Electrolyte · 2026 · DOI

• The PPG composite electrolyte eliminated the need for external pressure (vs. 20-370 MPa required for oxide/sulfide electrolytes), but systematic pressure-dependent electrochemical performance mapping across 0-50 MPa for PVDF-fiber-supported polyethylene oxide/garnet systems has not been conducted to establish minimum pressure thresholds for practical solid-state battery applications.

  Revisiting the Modification Strategies of Alloy-Base Anode for Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries Through Deconstructing Anode-Interface-Solid Electrolyte · 2026 · DOI

• The Si@MOF electrode showed controlled expansion during cycling with PPG electrolyte, but the maximum tolerable volume expansion percentage before interfacial failure occurs and the relationship between MOF pore size/carbon matrix thickness and expansion buffering capacity remain unquantified for solid-state battery design optimization.

  Revisiting the Modification Strategies of Alloy-Base Anode for Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries Through Deconstructing Anode-Interface-Solid Electrolyte · 2026 · DOI

• While the RSEI decreased from 64 to 33 Ω during lithiation in the MSi-C/PVDF-HFP/LATP system, the quantitative contribution of mechanical pressure-induced interfacial contact improvement versus LixSi conductivity enhancement to this impedance reduction has not been separated through controlled experimental design or mathematical modeling.

  Revisiting the Modification Strategies of Alloy-Base Anode for Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries Through Deconstructing Anode-Interface-Solid Electrolyte · 2026 · DOI

• The interfacial compatibility between Si@MOF anode and PPG electrolyte was demonstrated only at 60°C operating temperature; the thermal stability and interfacial contact maintenance of this system at elevated temperatures (80-100°C) and cryogenic conditions have not been evaluated for solid-state lithium-ion battery applications.

  Revisiting the Modification Strategies of Alloy-Base Anode for Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries Through Deconstructing Anode-Interface-Solid Electrolyte · 2026 · DOI

• The PVDF-PEO composite electrolyte system's ionic conductivity improvement mechanism through ether oxygen coordination with lithium ions has not been systematically characterized across different PEO:PVDF ratios and molecular weight combinations. Quantitative structure-property relationships for optimizing the synergistic effect between PVDF mechanical properties and PEO ionic conductivity in solid-state lithium-ion batteries require systematic investigation.

  Revisiting the Modification Strategies of Alloy-Base Anode for Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries Through Deconstructing Anode-Interface-Solid Electrolyte · 2026 · DOI

• While the protocol-dependent trends are consistently supported by cycling data, ICP, XRD, and EIS, further work is warranted to (i) validate the findings across broader operating conditions (temperature, rate, and voltage window) and cell formats, (ii) directly track DOI: 10.

  Effect of Different Charging Protocols on the High-Temperature Cycling Performance and Failure Analysis of LMFP Batteries · 2026 · DOI

• LiF has been widely studied as the dominant component of SEI, but Li2O, which has a much lower diffusion barrier for Li+, has rarely been investigated as the dominant component of SEI.

  Beyond LiF: Tailoring Li₂O-Dominated Solid Electrolyte Interphase for Stable Lithium Metal Batteries · 2024 · DOI

• This review provided a comprehensive examination of the challenges and emerging research trends in the field of ASSBs, with the ultimate goal of facilitating their commercialization, going beyond the discussion of the advancements in ASSBs and exploring the potential applications of all-solid-state electro- lytes in other next-generation battery technologies. The key contents of this article are organized into three main themes. First, it addresses the crucial considerations for the successful commercialization of ASSBs and highlights the key challenges that need to be overcome. Second, this review delves into the strategies that researchers have employed to address these challenges, providing insights into the latest developments in this field. Finally, this article explores alternative applications of SEs beyond ASSBs, shedding light on their potential use in other battery technologies. In addition to the factors mentioned in this review, several other considerations must be addressed for the practical application of next-generation batteries in EVs. Many recent studies have focused on showcasing battery performance at high temperatures and maintaining the contact area under high-pressure conditions. However, for practical applications, ASSBs must demonstrate excel- lent performance at room temperature and low operating pres- sures, particularly in pouch-cell-type configurations, rather than just in high-pressure press cell types. This poses a significant challenge that requires further research and improvement. Further- more, advancements in anode technology are essential to ensure the successful commercialization of solid-state batteries. Lithium metal is a leading candidate for ASSB anodes, and research on lithium-free anodes is actively ongoing.174,175 Additionally, research on low-reactivity silicon anodes is in progress, with studies report- ing on their exceptional performance using additive-free, electrolyte-free, and void-free silicon wafer electrodes.176 Overall, this comprehensive review serves as a valuable resource for researchers and industry professionals seeking guidance and solutions for the commercialization of ASSBs. By covering a wide range of topics, from challenges to strategies this review offers important and alternative applications, insights and directions for advancing the field and realizing the full potential of ASSBs.

  Recent advances in all-solid-state batteries for commercialization · 2024 · DOI

• This study clearly demonstrates that increasing the molten salt components in polymer-in-salt electrolytes can effectively enhance electrolyte performance. Here we would like to open a discussion on factors that should be considered for future design of polymer-in-salt electrolytes. Using molten salts with low salt crystallinity is one key factor since high salt concentrations tend to form crystalline phases that reduce electrolyte conductivity. To suppress salt crystallisation in polymer/salts melt electrolytes, Page 9/22 increasing anion asymmetry is an effective way together with the use of mixed salts, which further lower the Tg of the electrolytes and enhance ionic conductivity. Interestingly, in the polyIL-in-salt electrolyte, we found that the decoupled ion transport from structural relaxation in the medium-high salt concentration range (e.g. 1:2 here) changes to coupled ion transport at ultra-high salt concentrations. Nevertheless, the electrolyte performance has improved. Therefore, it is not always necessary to pursue highly decoupled ion transport during electrolyte design. In addition, at extreme salt concentrations, the properties of molten salts become a dominant factor in the overall electrolyte properties. We can see that both the Tg and conductivity approach those of the molten salts. Therefore, the excellent electrolyte properties of molten salts are crucial, such as the high conductivity of the molten salts should be the basic prerequisite. On the other hand, the polymer should not signicantly reduce the ionic conductivity of the molten salts. We believe that it is necessary to delve in-depth into the role of the polymer. According to our preliminary comparison of two ionic polymer matrices (polycation vs. polyanion) at high salt concentrations, the nature of the polymer does show different effects on the physicochemical properties of electrolytes, and the polycationic electrolytes have obvious advantage in achieving high conductivity, which should be associated with interactions between polymers and salts. Future comprehensive studies and comparisons of various polymer electrolyte systems will certainly help to provide more insights into the role of the polymer.

  Poly(Ionic Liquid) Electrolytes at an Extreme Salt Concentration for Solid-State Batteries · 2024 · DOI

• Fourth, a broader sintering parameter space, including variable temperature ramps, dwell times, and mixed-gas atmospheres, could be explored to construct a processing-performance map that guides optimal UHS design for other doped or multi-phase garnet systems.

  High‐Entropy Strategy Flattening Lithium Ion Migration Energy Landscape to Enhance the Conductivity of Garnet‐Type Solid‐State Electrolytes · 2024 · DOI

• Future studies should focus on operating batteries under more extreme conditions such as higher current densities, elevated voltages, and broader tem- perature ranges to enhance their performance. Additionally, mechanical properties within a suitable range, such as maintaining a thick- ness of less than 100 mm to further decrease interfacial resistance, or achieving a Young’s modulus greater than 5 MPa to prevent dendrite growth and handle stress during battery assembly and cycling, should be investigated. This is due to several significant challenges, such as the not fully understood mechanisms for ionic transport in CSEs, the sluggish ionic conductivities, stability issues (chemical, electrochemical, mechanical, and thermal) of ASSBs with CSEs, and insufficient economic and technological feasibility.

  Composite solid-state electrolytes for all solid-state lithium batteries: progress, challenges and outlook · 2024 · DOI

• 4 Sulfide The ionic conductivity and activation energy of sulfide-based solid electrolytes vary widely depending on their composition and crystal structure.

  Recent advances in inorganic solid electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries · 2026 · DOI

• ABSTRACT Natural chalcopyrite CuFeS 2 is a promising sulfide electrode for lithium‐ion batteries, yet its multiscale structural and chemical evolution during cycling remains insufficiently understood.

  Redefining the Conversion Mechanism of Chalcopyrite CuFeS ₂ Electrodes for Li‐Ion Battery via Multiscale Evolution Analysis · 2026 · DOI

• Despite increasing recognition that the intrinsic flame retardancy of electrolytes does not directly translate into the overall fire resistance of lithium‐ion batteries, the mechanistic origins of this non‐equivalent relationship remain insufficiently understood.

  The Iceberg of Lithium‐Ion Battery Safety: The Indirect Relationship Between Electrolyte Flammability and Fire Behavior · 2026 · DOI

• However, binary or ternary alloys are insufficient to address various challenges in lithium metal batteries and the high temperature required for alloy preparation hampers their direct applications on lithium metal surfaces.

  Amorphous High‐Entropy Alloy Interphase for Stable Lithium Metal Batteries · 2024 · DOI

• However, the exploration of 3D COFs as protecting layers is rarely reported, because of the preconception that the interconnect pores in 3D COFs eventually cause Li dendrites in disordered direction.

  3D Crown Ether Covalent Organic Framework as Interphase Layer toward High‐Performance Lithium Metal Batteries · 2024 · DOI

• Abstract While recent work demonstrates the advantages of weakly solvating solvents in enhancing the cyclability of LMBs, both new designs and design strategies for high performance weakly solvating solvent, especially physicochemical properties, are still lacking.

  Cyclopentylmethyl Ether, a Non‐Fluorinated, Weakly Solvating and Wide Temperature Solvent for High‐Performance Lithium Metal Battery · 2023 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies

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• High-performance fibre battery with polymer gel electrolyte · Nature · 2024 · 249 citations
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• Methylation enables the use of fluorine-free ether electrolytes in high-voltage lithium metal batteries · Nature Chemistry · 2024 · 221 citations
• High-Entropy MXene as Bifunctional Mediator toward Advanced Li–S Full Batteries · ACS Nano · 2024 · 220 citations
• Developing high-power Li||S batteries via transition metal/carbon nanocomposite electrocatalyst engineering · Nature Nanotechnology · 2024 · 220 citations
• Tuning the solvation structure with salts for stable sodium-metal batteries · Nature Energy · 2024 · 218 citations

Most recent work

• Revisiting the Modification Strategies of Alloy-Base Anode for Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries Through Deconstructing Anode-Interface-Solid Electrolyte · Nano-Micro Letters · 2026
• Tailoring Li–Al–O Interphases in Garnet-Type Solid-State Electrolytes via Powder Atomic Layer Deposition · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · 2026
• Self-assembled nanointerfaces with highly efficient Li ⁺ transport for ultra-stable lithium metal batteries · Nano Research · 2026
• Zwitterion-Modulated Quasi-Solid-State Polymer Electrolyte with Janus Interface toward Low-Temperature Lithium Metal Batteries · Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2026
• Electrochemical Behavior and Interfacial Failure of Li _2.22 Zr _1.11 Cl _5.33 O _0.67 in High-Performance All-Solid-State Batteries · Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research · 2026
• Nickel Cluster-Based Organic Framework-Functionalized Solid-State Electrolyte for Lithium–Metal Batteries · Inorganic Chemistry · 2026
• Crystal Water Engineering in Electrode Materials: Decoding Structure‐Property Dynamics for Advanced Energy Storage Devices · Advanced Energy Materials · 2026
• Synergistic Regulation of Nucleation and Interfacial Chemistry for Energy-Dense and Durable Anode-Free Na Batteries · Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2026
• Revealing the Competitive Reaction Mechanism Between Solid Electrolyte Interphase and Li Deposition Processes · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · 2026
• Halide and oxyhalide solid-state electrolytes: From structural chemistry to electrochemical applications in all-solid-state Na-ion batteries · Materials Today Chemistry · 2026

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