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Open research questions in IoT-based Smart Home Systems

29 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 323 IoT-based Smart Home Systems papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • Matter Protocol compatibility with Apple HomeKit is proposed, but no interoperability testing protocol with existing Sinric Pro and Google Assistant integrations, or migration path for current voice control commands is documented.

    Smart Security System and Home Automation System: An IoT-Based Approach Using ESP32 and Voice Integration · 2026 · DOI

  • Machine Learning implementation with TensorFlow Lite on ESP32 for predictive automation is mentioned as an advanced integration, but no dataset requirements, model architecture, inference latency constraints, or decision boundary for offline/online mode switching is defined.

    Smart Security System and Home Automation System: An IoT-Based Approach Using ESP32 and Voice Integration · 2026 · DOI

  • Energy monitoring using ACS712 sensors is listed as an immediate enhancement, but no power consumption baseline for the ESP32 microcontroller in different operational modes, battery runtime estimates, or integration methodology with Sinric Pro cloud service is specified.

    Smart Security System and Home Automation System: An IoT-Based Approach Using ESP32 and Voice Integration · 2026 · DOI

  • Relay chattering is mitigated with 100ms software debounce and 10A@250V AC-rated relays, but no systematic analysis of switching frequency limits, inductive load handling, or surge protection strategies is provided for high-power appliances in the 4-channel expansion mentioned for future work.

    Smart Security System and Home Automation System: An IoT-Based Approach Using ESP32 and Voice Integration · 2026 · DOI

  • The system operates in three modes (Online, Offline, Recovery) with auto-reconnection every 5 seconds, but no empirical testing is presented for scenarios involving prolonged Wi-Fi outages (>1 hour), repeated connection drops, or mesh network failover in multi-floor residential deployments.

    Smart Security System and Home Automation System: An IoT-Based Approach Using ESP32 and Voice Integration · 2026 · DOI

  • Gas leakage detection using MQ-5 sensor implements threshold-based alerting with automatic exhaust fan activation, but no calibration protocol, sensor drift compensation method, or response time measurement is documented; comparison with alternative gas sensing approaches (electrochemical sensors, NDIR) is absent.

    Smart Security System and Home Automation System: An IoT-Based Approach Using ESP32 and Voice Integration · 2026 · DOI

  • Motion detection alerts via ESP32-CAM and Telegram Bot API achieve 94% success rate, but the paper lacks specification of image compression algorithms, false positive rates under varying lighting conditions, and network bandwidth requirements for real-time image transmission during simultaneous voice control operations.

    Smart Security System and Home Automation System: An IoT-Based Approach Using ESP32 and Voice Integration · 2026 · DOI

  • The voice control system using Google Assistant and Sinric Pro shows 85% success rate under weak Wi-Fi conditions (3-5 second latency), but no comparative analysis is provided against alternative voice integration platforms (Alexa, native speech recognition) or optimization techniques for latency reduction in bandwidth-constrained IoT environments.

    Smart Security System and Home Automation System: An IoT-Based Approach Using ESP32 and Voice Integration · 2026 · DOI

  • The paper does not provide quantitative analysis of the computational load on the ESP32-S3 during real-time iris detection and OpenCV-based image processing, including metrics such as CPU utilization, memory consumption, processing latency, or power consumption—critical parameters for determining the system's scalability to multiple door installations or continuous operation requirements.

    Design and Construction of an Automatic Door System Based on Iris Detection Using Esp32-Cam and OpenCV Using the Rapid Application Development (RAD) Method · 2026 · DOI

  • The Flutter-based mobile application interface was evaluated only on Android devices. Compatibility testing, performance evaluation, and usability assessment on iOS platforms or devices with different screen sizes and processing capabilities are not addressed, limiting the applicability of the usability conclusions.

    Design and Construction of an Automatic Door System Based on Iris Detection Using Esp32-Cam and OpenCV Using the Rapid Application Development (RAD) Method · 2026 · DOI

  • The iris enrollment process and its robustness across multiple enrollment attempts are not documented. The paper does not specify how many iris samples are captured during registration, whether multiple enrollment sessions are tested to account for variations in iris appearance, or how iris template aging is managed over time in the database.

    Design and Construction of an Automatic Door System Based on Iris Detection Using Esp32-Cam and OpenCV Using the Rapid Application Development (RAD) Method · 2026 · DOI

  • The real-time notification delivery performance was tested only under stable Wi-Fi conditions. The paper does not evaluate notification latency, delivery reliability, or system behavior when network connectivity is intermittent or degraded, which is essential for assessing the practical reliability of the IoT-based monitoring component in residential security applications.

    Design and Construction of an Automatic Door System Based on Iris Detection Using Esp32-Cam and OpenCV Using the Rapid Application Development (RAD) Method · 2026 · DOI

  • The system's alarm mechanism activates after exactly three failed iris authentication attempts, but the paper provides no justification for this threshold value or analysis of how varying this threshold affects the security-usability tradeoff. Comparative evaluation of different failure thresholds (e.g., 2, 4, or 5 attempts) under different attack scenarios is not presented.

    Design and Construction of an Automatic Door System Based on Iris Detection Using Esp32-Cam and OpenCV Using the Rapid Application Development (RAD) Method · 2026 · DOI

  • The spoofing resistance evaluation was limited to testing with photographs and video displays of eyes. The paper does not address testing against advanced spoofing attacks such as high-resolution printed iris images, contact lenses with synthetic iris patterns, or three-dimensional eye models, which represent increasingly sophisticated threats to iris biometric systems.

    Design and Construction of an Automatic Door System Based on Iris Detection Using Esp32-Cam and OpenCV Using the Rapid Application Development (RAD) Method · 2026 · DOI

  • The iris recognition system's accuracy degradation under insufficient lighting conditions, improper head positioning, and unstable network connectivity was acknowledged but not systematically evaluated. The paper does not specify quantitative performance metrics (e.g., false rejection rate, false acceptance rate) for iris detection under these adverse environmental conditions, which are critical for real-world deployment of the ESP32-CAM-based system.

    Design and Construction of an Automatic Door System Based on Iris Detection Using Esp32-Cam and OpenCV Using the Rapid Application Development (RAD) Method · 2026 · DOI

  • Scalability and interoperability of AI-enabled vision systems across heterogeneous IoT networks is unaddressed; [2] mentions AI and IoT as key industry drivers but provides no concrete methods for deploying vision models across diverse IoT platforms with varying computational capabilities.

    Editorial: Smart Technologies Improve our Daily Lives · 2019 · DOI

  • Implications for Future Research Based on the findings, future research should focus on: a. D’Andria, “A survey on IoT- edge-cloud continuum systems: Status, challenges, use cases, and open issues,” Future Inter- net, vol.

    Secure, Intelligent, and Energy-Efficient Architectures for Next-Generation Smart Homes: A Review · 2026 · DOI

  • Continuous development remains necessary to ensure that privacy information collected by sensors is not disclosed, and to address emergency procedures following battery discharge and power depletion.

    IoT-Enabled Smart Homes: Technology Integration, Challenges and Future Trends · 2026 · DOI

  • Current solutions for battery life such as 'micro-nano sensors + nano power generation devices' face issues of higher prices and complex installation, leading to low consumer adoption.

    IoT-Enabled Smart Homes: Technology Integration, Challenges and Future Trends · 2026 · DOI

  • Absence of a unified standard system for smart homes across the industry, resulting in different types of sensors adopting diverse data formats and communication protocols with no effective interconnection mechanisms.

    IoT-Enabled Smart Homes: Technology Integration, Challenges and Future Trends · 2026 · DOI

  • Further research on novel advanced techniques, such as self-powered sensors, MIoT standardization and underground wireless communication technologies, is essential to improve the applicability and effectiveness of IoT applications in underground mines.

    Recent Advancements in IoT Implementation for Environmental, Safety, and Production Monitoring in Underground Mines · 2023 · DOI

  • However, despite the extensive efforts put forth by standardisation bodies, alliances, industries, and the research community, a myriad of challenges remains to be addressed for IoT to reach its maximum potential.

    Labview for IoT Applications · 2023 · DOI

  • Future researches on IoT-based systems are based on a set of open issues and challenges; also, there is the vital step from current "Big Data" to "Big Information" that can be improved and faster created with the help and implication of the current and future IoT systems/setups.

    EXPLORING THE POTENTIAL OF INTERNET OF THINGS SYSTEMS IN HEATH CARE CONTEXT · 2018 · DOI

  • While previous studies focus on investigating algorithms as well as theoretical model to detect faults for specific IoT devices, automatically expanding of IoT management process for detecting faults of sensor/actuator has not been investigated yet.

    On improving agricultural IoT management process for fault detection · 2017 · DOI

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29 open questions have been extracted from the limitations and future-work passages of 323 IoT-based Smart Home Systems papers in our library. Each one below links back to the study that raised it, so you can read the original claim in context.

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