Open research questions in Psychology of Development and Education

What the literature leaves open

• In future studies, it would be useful to use a vignette to elicit a positive emotion, considering that some children (especially with low SC) recall emotions from similar situations they have already lived, making the assessment session a source of real distress. The interview itself could also focus on real situations children had already lived. It would also be interesting to assess emotional self-efficaccy and its potential mediational influence on the regulatory process. Finally, it would be productive to assess parents’ regulatory orientations and its relations to children’s focus. 224 DISCUSSÃO GERAL 225 226 Este projeto de investigação foi composto por dois estudos com o objetivo geral de compreender como se relacionam a compreensão e regulação das emoções, com a competência social em crianças em idade escolar. No primeiro estudo procurámos contribuir para a adaptação e validação de instrumentos de avaliação psicológica para a população portuguesa; compreender como se relacionam a compreensão das emoções e a competência social; assim como compreender a influência da compreensão das emoções e da competência sobre o desempenho escolar em crianças em idade escolar. No segundo estudo, procurámos contribuir para a definição e delimitação conceptual consensual da regulação das emoções em crianças; compreender como se diferencia a regulação das emoções, em crianças de idade escolar, em função da sua competência social, assim como contribuir para verificação da adequação da Teoria do Foco Regulatório (Higgins, 1997) para o processo de regulação das emoções em situações sociais críticas de interação com os pares em contexto escolar. RESUMO DOS PRINCIPAIS RESULTADOS Avaliação da competência social e da compreensão das emoções Para a concretização do primeiro objetivo acima referido, elaborámos 4 artigos, dos quais 2 fazem parte desta tese, respeitando estes aos estudos das características psicométricas dos mesmos. Quanto à Prova de Avaliação de Competência Social-Pares (PACS-P, Rocha, Candeias & Lopes-da-Silva, 2015), a mesma foi elaborada de acordo com uma perspetiva 227 situacional, recorrendo a situações sociais críticas com os pares em contexto escolar, uma vez que se tem considerado que esta abordagem tem maior validade ecológica e é preditora da competência social em contextos reais (Erdley & Asher, 1999; Kwon, et al., 2012; Warnes et al., 2005; Waters & Sroufe, 1983). Cumulativamente, usou-se uma perspetiva de múltiplos avaliadores relevantes no contexto escolar (i.e., autoavaliação, avaliação pelos pares e pelos professores), uma vez que esta opção tende a aumentar a validade preditiva da medida usada (Kwon et al. 2012).

  School-Based Social and Emotional Learning Programme in Primary Education: A Quasi-Experimental Study · 2026 · DOI

• Based on the results of the study, it was found that in the document analyzed, the understanding of children’s needs is very narrowly defined and largely limited to the issue of educational needs (including, in particular, special educational needs), pushing into the background or even omitting other mental needs of the youngest.

  Rozumienie potrzeb dzieci w standardzie kształcenia nauczycieli przedszkola i edukacji wczesnoszkolnej · 2024 · DOI

• There are a few studies on differences between Swedish and Finnish– speaking students’ school experiences in Finland, however, so far studies exploring Swedish- speaking general and special education students’ emotional engagement and study well-being in terms of anxiety and cynicism have been scarce.

  Emotionally engaged or feeling anxious and cynical? School experiences and links to school achievement among Finland-Swedish general and special education students · 2021 · DOI

• KEY POINTSWhat is already known about this topic: A substantial body of literature has been published that discusses the construct of psychological literacy, but limited research (n=7) has measured the construct.

  A construct validity analysis of the concept of psychological literacy · 2021 · DOI

• The analysis of the literature reveals that although superior performance constitutes a key element in the notion of giftedness, ability alone cannot lead a gifted child to personal excellence and long-term commitment within a talent domain as it is insufficient to explain outstanding achievements across the life course.

  Psychological Framework for Gifted Children’s Cognitive and Socio-Emotional Development: A Review of the Research Literature and Implications · 2020 · DOI

• The infl uence on personality development for this group of patients was assessed using questionnaires: the 16PF personality test (Cattell & Kline, 1977) with dichotomous questions, the personality test “Star of Self-esteem” with open questions and a test of psycho-sociological nature.

  The Influence of Speech Disorders on the Social Insertion of Children and Adolescents in the Region of Moldova · 2018

• In the research, the result which has been reached by examining the answers given to the interview forms by the teachers, is that teachers have insufficient knowledge about good child book’s features and they behave carelessly and unconcerned about choosing the books which they will read in their classrooms.

  OKUL ÖNCESI DÖNEM ÇOCUKLARINA YÖNELIK HAZIRLANAN MASAL VE ÖYKÜ KITAPLARININ KORK · 2013 · DOI

• Since the 19th century, contradictory reports in theoretical and empirical research papers have suggested that being ‘gifted and talented’ is either a risk factor (it is associated with indicators of more negative mental health and well-being) or a protective factor (it is connected to positive psychological outcomes) when these individuals are compared to the general population.

  Equally cursed and blessed: Do gifted and talented children experience poorer mental health and psychological well-being? · 2013 · DOI

• to implement better self-assessment for those who are insufficiently aware of their role in group as well as to help those whose self-assessment is too high to see themselves from the point of view of others; positive changes of interpersonal social and communicative abilities (solution of problems, conflicts, initiative, tolerance, respect to each other etc.

  Possibilities for management of conflicts among pre-school age children by applying methods of work with fairy-tales · 2011 · DOI

• The sustained rise in popularity of psychology both at degree and A–level in the UK over the last two decades is a remarkable event, not only because it is indicative of wider cultural changes but because it is understudied by psychologists themselves and not predicted by curriculum planners.

  Explaining the popularity of psychology at A-level · 2010 · DOI

• Even now most research has been limited to traditional-aged college students; few studies have seriously examined development beyond that age (Loevinger, Cohn, Redmore, Bonneville, Streich, & Sargent, 1985).

  The Role of Education in Stimulating Adult Development · 1990 · DOI

• 1 2 3 4 7 9 12 16 33 37 39 42 46 60 63 Seven or eight copies of the record are made. One copy is retained by the instructor and one is presented to the cooperating teacher. All copies are treated as restricted materials, in accordance with the code of ethics referred to above. the itself course principles of There can be no question about the efficacy of the field study approach as a means of applying to learning the espoused in the subject matter of educaional psy chology nor about the tremendous enthusiasm gen erated among the students. Adherents of the tra ditional approach might naturally raise several questions. What about the students' command of the subject matter covered in the conventional treatment? How is the work of each student eval uated for purposes of a final grade in the course? What kind of final examination or exercise is ap propriate to the field study approach? It will be recalled that the Dickinson plan util izes an accelerated traditional approach during the first two months of the semester. Students are held accountable for mastery of subject matter cov ered in this early period by means of several quiz zes and two or three hour examinations composed of essay and objective questions. Grades are re corded and used as one factor of evaluation. An other factor is the quality of the anecdotal record.

  Field Study in Educational Psychology · 1965 · DOI

• Drawing on the work of Russian and international researchers, the author demonstrates that despite diverse theoretical concepts, a unified understanding of the sources, mechanisms, and criteria of giftedness remains elusive.

  The Concept of "Giftedness" in Scientific Psychological Research · 2026 · DOI

• Both methods are self-report questionnaires, which makes the results susceptible to various distortions; additional control methods such as analysis of work products, teacher and parent reports, and experimental models are recommended in subsequent studies.

  Specificity of subjective position and learning motivation among primary school students · 2026 · DOI

• Further development of this problem should be connected with more detailed and comprehensive study of the dynamics of development of learning motivation and subjective position at different stages of schooling and in various educational systems.

  Specificity of subjective position and learning motivation among primary school students · 2026 · DOI

• The description of promising areas of further research on the topic of education of patriotism is given, and recommendations for improving the system of patriotic education in a departmental university are proposed.

  Features of the formation of patriotism in the course of teaching humanitarian academic disciplines of the Department of Psychology and Pedagogy of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia · 2024 · DOI

• Negative manifestations in the development of self-esteem of children in the fourth year of schooling along with insufficient knowledge of the environmental approach to the formation of self-esteem of fourth-grade pupils, make the material of the work relevant.

  Optimization of Russian primary school graduates’ self-esteem in the personality-developing learning environment · 2022 · DOI

• Therefore, \nthis study analyzes the implications of trust from teachers in the conflict resolution abilities of \ntheir students, given the scarce literature on the matter, and since the perceived support turns \nout to be a predictor of success in the optimal development of the adolescent.

  Confianza de los docentes en la capacidad resolutiva del adolescente frente al conflicto en las aulas · 2021 · DOI

• The research was driven by insufficient knowledge regarding the definition of the support offered at school to a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among parents and to determine what is important and unique from a parental perspective.

  Educational Support of a Student with ADHD. An Analysis of Parents’ Biographical Experiences · 2021 · DOI

• The findings show that, as compared to children, adults often see children as vulnerable, fragile individuals needing protection and who, lacking knowledge, need advice and supervision.

  Lapse kuvandist täiskasvanute ja laste endi pilgu läbi · 2020 · DOI

• The reader should also observe that the scope of the presentation and focus of attention here is limited to the specific contribution of these leading scholars to the development of a theory of personality.

  Contribution to the study of personality by ‘pioneers’ of the cultural historical school: Revisiting earlier research in search for learning · 2017 · DOI

• Makarenko objectively limited to the upbringing of an adaptive personality, able to effectively perform the role of social function, but not the person who would be ready to change those or other social relations, defending their ideological beliefs.

  EXECUTIVE A. MAKARENKO`S PROJECT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE MODERN HUMANISTIC PARADIGMTHE · 2017 · DOI

• This training should not be limited to the appropriation of an instrumental technician that offers a prescription for efficiency, the development of a more appropriate schooling for children with emotional difficulties also involves the teacher-student relationship.

  Dificuldades de aprendizagem e problemas emocionais: reflexões sobre a necessidade de uma proposta de formação docente · 2015 · DOI

• Whereas those feelings have been shown to predict decreased school involvement and school misconduct, relatively little is known about their exact origins.

  Educational tracking and sense of futility: a matter of stigma consciousness? · 2015 · DOI

• Results are inconsistent, but recent discussions emphasize the importance of homogeneity of samples with regard to education and language when investigating the developmental Investment theory.

  The influence of fluid and crystallized intelligence on the development of knowledge and skills · 2014 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Psychology of Development and Education

• Psychologically controlling teaching: Examining outcomes, antecedents, and mediators. · Journal of Educational Psychology · 2011 · 292 citations
• Social learning theory and developmental psychology: The legacies of Robert Sears and Albert Bandura. · Developmental Psychology · 1992 · 176 citations
• Transformational Giftedness: Rethinking Our Paradigm for Gifted Education · Roeper Review · 2020 · 136 citations
• Researching academic stress and anxiety in students: some methodological considerations · British Educational Research Journal · 2007 · 104 citations
• The psychosocial development theory of Erik Erikson: critical overview · Early Child Development and Care · 2021 · 81 citations
• The impending transition from primary to secondary school: Challenge or threat? · International Journal of Behavioral Development · 2003 · 77 citations
• Classroom climate indicators and attitudes towards foreigners · Journal of Adolescence · 2008 · 62 citations
• Psychological-Mindedness: A Conceptual Model · American Journal of Psychotherapy · 1992 · 60 citations
• Educational tracking and sense of futility: a matter of stigma consciousness? · Oxford Review of Education · 2015 · 48 citations
• Greek university students with dyslexia: an interview study · European Journal of Special Needs Education · 2009 · 46 citations

Most recent work

• The relation between self-regulation of behavior and internal motivation of learning activities in the second phase of primary school age · Psychological-Educational Studies · 2026
• Specificity of subjective position and learning motivation among primary school students · Psychological-Educational Studies · 2026
• The Concept of "Giftedness" in Scientific Psychological Research · Bulletin of Science and Practice · 2026
• Pedagogical support as a means of developing emotional intelligence in adolescents: psychological and pedagogical foundation of research · Vestnik of Kostroma State University. Series: Pedagogy. Psychology. Sociokinetics · 2026
• PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CAREER GUIDANCE FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2026
• PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF COGNITIVE ACTIVITY OF STUDENTS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENTS IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS · Innovate Pedagogy · 2026
• INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR DEVELOPING ATTENTION IN STUDENTS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES AND THEIR EFFECTIVENESS · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2026
• DEVELOPMENT OF SELF-REGULATION IN THE SYSTEM OF FAMILY–SCHOOL INTERACTION AS A BASIS FOR ACADEMIC SUCCESS · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2026
• Short-term Professional Development Programs: The Problem of Balancing Efficiency and Fundamentals · MODERN ADDITIONAL PROFESSIONAL PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION · 2026
• Student–Teacher Relationship Perceptions and Student Well-Being: Insights from Nine Countries and Two Age Groups · Child Indicators Research · 2026

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