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Open research questions in Stuttering Research and Treatment

136 gap statements mined from Stuttering Research and Treatment papers in our 4.5M-paper local library, which holds 606 papers on the topic — drawn mostly from each paper's own stated research gap, future-work, challenge and limitation notes, and its abstract. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one.

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What the literature leaves open

  • The study highlights the need for early identification and support of students with language-based learning disabilities.

    Sentence repetition as a potential indicator of broader language difficulty in students with dyslexia: A pilot study · 2026 · DOI

  • Although neuroimaging studies have identified abnormalities in the basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuitry, the specific white matter pathways that underpin dysfluent speech production remain poorly understood.

    Reduced integrity in the frontal aslant tract's premotor connections is associated with dysfluency severity in stuttering · 2026 · DOI

  • In future work, we will develop and pre-register comprehensive experimental protocols aimed at directly testing the model’s core predictions. These protocols will encompass all major components of the proposed framework, including the hypothesized dysfunction of D2 autoreceptors, the Decode Stuttering Puzzle model (Figure 1), the SMS mechanism, and the involvement of the rIFG.

    Unraveling the mystery of stuttering: clinical and physiological insights into its manifestation · 2026 · DOI

  • While expert opinions and frameworks offer valuable clinical advice, the review article highlighted gaps in the literature, especially a lack of intervention studies involving children with co-occurring stuttering and SSD.

    Evidence for the Treatment of Co-Occurring Stuttering and Speech Sound Disorders in Children: A Scoping Review · 2026 · DOI

  • Further studies should investigate the causes of delayed speech development. Research should focus on the development of effective interventions for children with delayed speech development.

    Opóźniony rozwój mowy okiem neurologa dziecięcego — część I. Samoistny opóźniony rozwój mowy · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a need for new therapeutic options for chronic constipation. Current treatment options have limitations, and there is a lack of understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of constipation.

    Nuevos tratamientos para el estreñimiento crónico: ¿cuál es la evidencia? · 2026 · DOI

  • The need to better understand the mechanisms contributing to stuttering persistence. The lack of studies investigating the neural basis of developmental stuttering in children. The gap in understanding how early brain development shapes speech fluency.

    Altered gray matter network segregation and disrupted interregional connectivity in children with persistent developmental stuttering: a graph-theoretical morphometric study · 2026 · DOI

  • The gap in the literature is the lack of understanding of the relationship between ageing and cognitive deterioration, specifically verbal disfluency. Prior studies have shown inconsistent results, and this paper aims to investigate this further.

    Ageing, Cognitive Deterioration, and Verbal Disfluency: A Case Study in Thailand · 2026 · DOI

  • The PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) is widely used to assess posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), yet validation in Arabic-speaking populations remains limited, and no guideline-based cutoff scores have been established.

    High sensitivity, low specificity: Validation and diagnostic accuracy study of the PCL-5 in an Arabic-speaking treatment-seeking sample · 2026 · DOI

  • Future research should focus on underexplored platforms such as TikTok and Reddit and address the experiences of younger people who stutter and non–English-speaking communities to enhance understanding of social media's impact on stuttering.

    Social Media and Stuttering: A Meta-Qualitative Synthesis of Representation and Impacts · 2025 · DOI

  • The study had a limited number of trials (96 trials in each condition).

    Delayed auditory feedback increases speech production variability in typically fluent adults but has the opposite effect in stuttering adults · 2025 · DOI

  • Further research is needed to examine the neural processes involved in speech movement planning and production in stuttering adults. Research should investigate how DAF affects speech production variability in different populations. Studies should explore the potential therapeutic applications of DAF for stuttering.

    Delayed auditory feedback increases speech production variability in typically fluent adults but has the opposite effect in stuttering adults · 2025 · DOI

  • Evaluation of the content and quality of modules on stuttering and cluttering is warranted to ensure that SLP students are graduating with adequate competence and confidence for supporting people with these conditions.

    Designing a Module on Stuttering and Cluttering: A Guide for Speech-Language Pathology Educators · 2024 · DOI

  • However, as there is a lack of specific instruments in the Croatian language that can be used in diagnosing adults who stutter, especially their attitudes and emotions, our translation of and further research on the UTBAS should help to fill that absence.

    A preliminary study on the Unhelpful Thoughts and Beliefs about Stuttering (UTBAS) questionnaire in Croatia · 2018 · DOI

  • The study had to balance the need for large sample sizes with the need for detailed, individualized data on each participant.

    A follow-up study of dyslexic boys · 1985 · DOI

  • There is a lack of knowledge among teachers and parents on how to help a stuttering child. Many treatment programs claim varying degrees of success, but there is a lack of understanding of what works and what does not.

    Classroom teachers: Interacting with Stutterers · 1985 · DOI

  • Prior research has not fully investigated the relationship between encoding speed and memory span in dyslexic children. The underlying causes of dyslexia are not yet fully understood. There is a need for effective interventions to improve the reading and spelling abilities of dyslexic children.

    Encoding Speed and Memory Span in Dyslexic Children · 1976 · DOI

  • The sample size is limited to 154 children. The study only describes and classifies the defects, without providing a detailed analysis of the causes or treatments.

    Defects and Disabilities of Thalidomide Children · 1973 · DOI

  • Given that pauses are relevant to cognitive processing and to social and affective-state variables, and that pause location indicates at least lexical and structural levels of decision-making, what remains to be established? From a methodological viewpoint, there is clearly a need for further investigations of the interrelationships between location and function of pauses.

    The significance of pauses in spontaneous speech · 1973 · DOI

  • There is a lack of understanding of stuttering in individuals with Down's syndrome. Previous studies have reported conflicting findings on the frequency of stuttering in this population. There is a need for further research on the characteristics and treatment of stuttering in individuals with Down's syndrome.

    Stuttering in Down's Syndrome · 1972 · DOI

  • The paper is limited to psychological research and theory, with a focus on structured measurement and assessment instruments. The authors acknowledge that the time span covered in this review is largely unspecified. The paper does not provide a comprehensive review of all German research on mental retardation, but rather focuses on specific areas of interest.

    German Theory and Research on Mental Retardation: Emphasis on Structure · 1971 · DOI

  • The authors highlight the need for more research on the invariance of factor loading patterns and the development of assessment instruments. The paper emphasizes the importance of considering both biological and environmental factors in defining mental retardation.

    German Theory and Research on Mental Retardation: Emphasis on Structure · 1971 · DOI

  • Applied to the literature on stuttering, it reveals an uneven distribution of research efforts and identifies several underexplored areas.

    Orofacial somatosensory abilities in speech motor control: A taxonomic framework and its application to stuttering research · 2026 · DOI

  • Investigating the neural basis of stuttering in adults, - Examining the effects of early intervention strategies on long-term outcomes, - Studying the relationship between gray matter morphological networks and speech…

    Altered gray matter network segregation and disrupted interregional connectivity in children with persistent developmental stuttering: a graph-theoretical morphometric study · 2026 · DOI

  • Investigate the influence of education, total hours of sleep, and stress on the process of lexical retrieval, - Examine the relationship between working memory capacity and language performance in older…

    Ageing, Cognitive Deterioration, and Verbal Disfluency: A Case Study in Thailand · 2026 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Stuttering Research and Treatment

Most recent work

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Open questions raised by papers listed on this page include: (1) Although neuroimaging studies have identified abnormalities in the basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuitry, the specific white matter pathways that underpin dysfluent speech production remain poorly understood (“Reduced integrity in the frontal aslant tract's premotor connections is…”, 2026); (2) While expert opinions and frameworks offer valuable clinical advice, the review article highlighted gaps in the literature, especially a lack of intervention studies involving children with co-occurring stuttering and SSD (“Evidence for the Treatment of Co-Occurring Stuttering and Speech Sound…”, 2026); (3) Further studies should investigate the causes of delayed speech development (“Opóźniony rozwój mowy okiem neurologa dziecięcego — część I. Samoistny…”, 2026); (4) There is a need for new therapeutic options for chronic constipation (“Nuevos tratamientos para el estreñimiento crónico: ¿cuál es la evidencia?”, 2026); (5) The lack of studies investigating the neural basis of developmental stuttering in children (“Altered gray matter network segregation and disrupted interregional…”, 2026). 136 gap statements have been mined from Stuttering Research and Treatment papers in our 4.5M-paper local library, which holds 606 papers on the topic; the gaps come from whichever of those papers state one. They are mostly the research gaps the authors state and the papers' abstracts, plus future-work, limitations and challenges passages. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one, so you can read the original claim in context.

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