Climate change threatens sustainable agriculture as the frequency of extreme climate events increases

The gap

Evidence profile

Sourced from the stated challenges and limitations and stated research gap and future-work section of the source papers, classified as general, drawn from work published between 2024 and 2026, spanning 7 journals. Those papers have been cited 52 times in total.

Supporting evidence — 8 representative gaps

• Spatiotemporal Variations in Grain Yields and Their Responses to Climatic Factors in Northeast China During 1993–2022 (2025) · Land · cited 7× · doi

  Hydrological, meteorological, and crop yield data often deviate from strict normal distributions and contain extreme values. The study needs to account for the spatial dependence characteristics of grain crop yields. The research requires the use of nonparametric methods, such as the MK test and Sen's slope estimation, to assess the impact of climate change on regional food production security.

  generalstated challenges
  Keywords: hydrological meteorological crop yield data often deviate strict
• Assessing the Influence of Farmer Social Networks on the Efficacy of Climate Changes in Agricultural Settings (2024) · ICRRD Quality Index Research Journal · doi

  Since vulnerability is a multidimensional concept and not directly measurable, it is associated with a high level of uncertainty in the indicator selection, measurement, and classification processes. First, it was challenging to select the specific indicators for crops, fisheries, and livestock, because different crops, fish species, and livestock varieties are found in different districts, and uniform indicators had to be adopted across the districts (Yila & Resurreccion 2023). Secondly, the trend of agricultural production and the extent of technology use were considered in this study, rather than simply using an existing crop model to predict the future scenario of agricultural output. However, linking a crop model in multi-indicator approaches could be more useful for estimating the sensitivity and adaptive capacity of agriculture. Thirdly, it was challenging to find district-level historical data on climate disasters and, most importantly, for the same period of time. Moreover, a few districts did not have any weather stations, and for those districts, data from the nearest weather station were used. Therefore, there is room for reducing the uncertainty of vulnerability assessment, if more specific data become available for the same period (Maddison 2011; Deressa et al. 2012). Finally, we classified the vulnerability of a coastal district based on a beta distribution of vulnerability index scores. However, it is expected that the classification of vulnerability may not prevail over the long term because an improvement in adaptive capacity may moderate climate change impacts in the future.

  generallimitationsevidence 5/5
  Keywords: vulnerability districts level uncertainty indicator classification challenging specific indicators crops livestock different agricultural crop model
• Mitigating climate disaster vulnerability in grain production through high-standard farmland construction: impact mechanisms and spatial spillover effects (2026) · Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems · cited 3× · doi

  The lack of a systematic and independent conceptual framework for understanding climate disaster vulnerability in grain production. The need for a comprehensive analysis of the impact mechanisms and spatial spillover effects of high-standard farmland construction on climate disaster vulnerability. The limited understanding of the effectiveness of high-standard farmland construction in mitigating climate disaster risks in grain production.

  generalstated research gapevidence 5/5
  Keywords: lack systematic independent conceptual framework understanding climate disaster
• Scientist’s Opinion on Climate Change and Hard Ticks (Ixodidae) (2026) · Pathogens · cited 5× · doi

  Previous studies have produced heterogeneous and often inconclusive results due to differences in spatial scale, variable selection, and limited integration of climatic, ecological, and host-related drivers. There is a lack of integrated assessments that combine climate projections with scenarios of agricultural adaptation and land-use change. Reliable global projections of livestock distribution under future socioeconomic and climatic scenarios are lacking.

  generalstated research gapevidence 5/5
  Keywords: previous studies have produced heterogeneous often inconclusive results
• Climate Change and Sustainable Agriculture: Assessment of Climate Change Impact on Agricultural Resilience (2025) · Sustainability · cited 17× · doi

  extend the timeframe of the study to more comprehensively assess the relationship between climate change and agricultural resilience - explore the relationship between the two at various spatial scales, such as the municipal and county levels - employ some other econometric techniques, such as threshold models or non-linear regression analysis, to investigate these possibilities

  generalfuture-work sectionevidence 5/5
  Keywords: extend timeframe study comprehensively assess relationship between climate
• Climate Change and Sustainable Agriculture: Assessment of Climate Change Impact on Agricultural Resilience (2025) · Sustainability · cited 17× · doi

  Climate change threatens sustainable agriculture as the frequency of extreme climate events increases. The increasing uncertainty of agricultural activities due to climate change. The need to enhance agricultural resilience to cope with climate change and achieve sustainable agricultural development.

  generalstated challengesevidence 5/5
  Keywords: climate change threatens sustainable agriculture frequency extreme events
• EL NIÑO, LA NIÑA Y AGRICULTURA: VARIABILIDAD CLIMÁTICA Y VULNERABILIDAD PRODUCTIVA EN LA REGIÓN NORTE PIONERA DE PARANÁ, BRASIL (2026) · Revista de Geopolítica · doi

  Further research is needed to understand the impacts of climate variability on agricultural production in different regions. Studies should consider the development of climate-resilient agricultural practices. Research should focus on the analysis of climate and agricultural data to inform agricultural planning and management strategies.

  generalfuture-work sectionevidence 4/5
  Keywords: further research needed understand impacts climate variability agricultural
• A scoping review of literature on climate change impacts among smallholder maize producers in low- and medium-income countries (2026) · Frontiers in Climate · cited 3× · doi

  Further research is needed to measure actual climate impacts on productivity and livelihoods, - More attention should be paid to understanding farmers' perceptions and awareness of climate risks, - Evaluating the effectiveness and scalability of adaptation interventions across diverse contexts is necessary

  generalfuture-work sectionevidence 4/5
  Keywords: further research needed measure actual climate impacts productivity

Questions about this gap