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Open research questions in Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation

230 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 958 Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • The available evidence is limited by small, case-based reports, - The predominance of case series and reports may result in an overestimation of survival rates relative to those observed in real-world settings, - Substantial heterogeneity in reported follow-up time points across studies

    Advanced resuscitation strategies for cardiac arrest in pregnancy: a systematic review · 2026 · DOI

  • The available evidence is limited by small, case-based reports. There is a need for large registries and multicenter studies to define the optimal use and sequencing of RD and ECPR. The current literature lacks a comprehensive descriptive overview of maternal and neonatal outcomes across different resuscitation strategies.

    Advanced resuscitation strategies for cardiac arrest in pregnancy: a systematic review · 2026 · DOI

  • Lack of robust clinical data on the use of levosimendan for PAMD. Need for a randomized controlled trial to explore the effects of early levosimendan infusion.

    Early use of levosimendan to improve survival and neurological outcomes after cardiac arrest with myocardial dysfunction: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial · 2026 · DOI

  • The analysis was limited to FB from Days 1 to 4 due to substantial missing data on Days 5-7. Samples with more than 10% missing data were excluded. The study only included patients from the MIMIC-IV database.

    The association between fluid balance trajectories and prognosis in ICU patients with cardiac arrest, a group-based trajectory model analysis · 2025 · DOI

  • Further studies could investigate the underlying mechanisms of the association between FB trajectory and mortality risk. Research could focus on developing strategies to improve fluid management in CA patients. Studies could explore the application of GBTM in other clinical contexts.

    The association between fluid balance trajectories and prognosis in ICU patients with cardiac arrest, a group-based trajectory model analysis · 2025 · DOI

  • Further studies could investigate the long-term effects of CPR training, - Research could explore the barriers to performing bystander CPR, - Studies could examine the impact of different CPR training methods on knowledge and willingness to perform CPR

    The knowledge, training, and willingness of first year students in Xuzhou, China to perform bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a cross-sectional study · 2024 · DOI

  • However, randomized trials of immunomodulators and other vasoactive strategies have yielded mixed results, reflecting biological heterogeneity and limited phenotypic stratification.

    The Postcardiac Arrest Inflammatory Response: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets · 2026 · DOI

  • However, the minimum EtCO 2 monitoring duration needed to discriminate return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) from non-ROSC remains unknown.

    Resuscitation From Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: When Is EtCO 2 Reliably Associated With ROSC? · 2026 · DOI

  • BACKGROUND: Few studies have focused on factors contributing to decreased rates of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and automated external defibrillator (AED) use after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in underserved and underrepresented communities, particularly those with Asian populations.

    Barriers and Facilitators for Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Automated External Defibrillator Use in Diverse and Underserved Cities in Los Angeles County, California · 2026 · DOI

  • Swine were randomly assigned to a conservative group (n=7), in which fluid loading was limited to a maximum of 20 mL/kg per hour of Ringer’s lactate, or a liberal group (n=7), in which fluid loading was allowed as long as right atrial pressure remained <18 mm Hg.

    Deleterious Effects of Liberal Fluid Therapy During Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in a Porcine Model of Prolonged Cardiac Arrest · 2026 · DOI

  • CONCLUSION: The general population had limited knowledge about CPR but was highly interested in acquiring CPR skills.

    A new community-based cardiopulmonary resuscitation training program for primary care: needs assessment, development, and pilot testing · 2025 · DOI

  • Numerous techniques for teaching cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) are being used, yet there is insufficient data on the effectiveness of using virtual reality (VR).

    Effectiveness of teaching basic life support resuscitation using virtual reality – a randomized controlled trial · 2025 · DOI

  • BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The prognostic significance and the benefits of antiseizure treatment for definite and possible status epilepticus (SE) after cardiac arrest (CA) remain debated.

    Features, Outcome, and Treatment of Postanoxic Status Epilepticus · 2025 · DOI

  • The dying process from circulatory arrest is an underexplored domain in humans and has transdisciplinary pertinence.

    Characterizing the physiology of circulatory arrest in humans · 2025 · DOI

  • Importance: There is limited evidence on whether higher-energy defibrillation is preferred in patients experiencing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) with shockable rhythms.

    Escalating vs Fixed Energy Defibrillation in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Ventricular Fibrillation · 2025 · DOI

  • BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Anticholinergic burden has been linked to cardiovascular events and mortality, but its association with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remains unclear.

    Transient anticholinergic burden and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a case-crossover study · 2025 · DOI

  • Limited data exists on factors impacting critical care nurses’ IOR decisions, particularly in Iran.

    Factors influencing Iranian critical care nurses’ initiation of resuscitation decisions: a qualitative study · 2025 · DOI

  • Background The causes underlying out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) are rarely investigated.

    Underlying Cause of Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrests in Japan in Survivors Versus Nonsurvivors · 2025 · DOI

  • However, whether the management of adult patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), performed in accordance with the International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science with Treatment Recommendations (CoSTR) 2015, is associated with favorable neurological outcomes remains unknown.

    Outcomes of Patients From All‐Japan Utstein Registry Managed by 2015 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Guidelines for Nonshockable Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest · 2025 · DOI

  • BACKGROUND: Social determinants of health such as residential segregation have been identified as drivers of disparities in health outcomes; however, this has been understudied for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).

    Association of Racial Residential Segregation and Survival After Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest in the United States · 2025 · DOI

  • BACKGROUND: There is a lack of data regarding outcomes of therapeutic hypothermia in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).

    Therapeutic hypothermia in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by out-of-hospital cardiac arrest · 2025 · DOI

  • However, studies have reported conflicting results regarding survival outcomes or in-hospital interventions between sexes.

    Association of sex with post-arrest care and outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of initial shockable rhythm: a nationwide cohort study · 2024 · DOI

  • However, the knowledge and attitudes of the Jordanian population towards first aid are lacking.

    An Online-Based Survey to Assess Knowledge, Attitudes, and Barriers to Perform First Aid after Road Accidents Conducted among Adult Jordanians · 2024 · DOI

  • However, further validation through further prospective large-scale studies is warranted to confirm the appropriate post-resuscitation DBP of pediatric patients.

    The association between initial post-resuscitation diastolic blood pressure and survival after pediatric cardiac arrest: a retrospective study · 2024 · DOI

  • BACKGROUND: Limited research has analyzed the association between diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and survival after pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

    The association between initial post-resuscitation diastolic blood pressure and survival after pediatric cardiac arrest: a retrospective study · 2024 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation

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230 open questions have been extracted from the limitations and future-work passages of 958 Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation papers in our 4.5M-paper local library. Each one below links back to the study that raised it, so you can read the original claim in context.

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