Open research questions in Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes

What the literature leaves open

• Some studies have examined the potential use of vaporised nicotine products to support smoking cessation among people receiving alcohol and other drug (AOD) treatment, but their role remains controversial and constrained by regulatory and practical barriers (35).

  Smoking cessation experiences during alcohol and cannabis treatment in substance use programmes in Catalonia: A qualitative study · 2026 · DOI

• Despite well-documented links between alcohol misuse and adverse health outcomes, the role of AUD in orthopaedic surgery is underexplored, and systematic screening remains uncommon.

  Incidence of Alcohol Use Disorder and Management in Orthopaedic Patients: A Retrospective Analysis · 2026 · DOI

• BI is a widely-used sexual violence prevention strategy; however, little is known about the momentary and event-level effects of proximal barriers and facilitators for BI.

  What Do We Know About Proximal Factors Influencing Bystander Intervention? A Call for Momentary Assessment and Intervention · 2026 · DOI

• Future research could examine levels of trust in government for providing alcohol health advice and how this may be affected by SEP, and which intervention sources would be most acceptable to different SEP populations.

  A community-based qualitative study of perspectives on alcohol public health interventions and experiences of alcohol use · 2026 · DOI

• Digital CBT and blended models demonstrate non-inferiority to face- to-face delivery in RCTs and offer scalability advantages, but real-world effectiveness, digital-equity barriers, and long-term durability remain understudied. Ketamine-assisted therapy and GLP-1 agonists represent mechanistically intriguing directions supported by early-phase RCTs and observational data, respec- tively; however, replication, dose optimization, safety profiling, and cost-effectiveness data are insufficient to support clinical adoption beyond research settings.

  Psychosocial Interventions for Alcohol Use Disorder: A Review of Efficacy, Mechanisms, and Clinical Implications · 2026 · DOI

• Digital and mHealth Interventions RCTs consistently demonstrate that internet-based CBT is non- inferior to face-to-face CBT in reducing weekly alcohol consump- tion, while offering superior scalability [52]. A 3-arm trial in the United States further showed that an 8-week internet-based CBT program produced a significantly faster increase in the percent- age of days abstinent than both clinician-delivered CBT and treat- ment-as-usual during 6-month follow-up [11]. Real-world data from Germany indicate that 78% of users completing a 30-day interactive e-health program achieved abstinence, although up- take was skewed toward highly educated women [53]. Qualitative work suggests that blended CBT—combining online modules with periodic face-to-face sessions—combines the flexibility and This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) 8 Indexed in: [Current Contents/Clinical Medicine] [SCI Expanded] [ISI Alerting System] [ISI Journals Master List] [Index Medicus/MEDLINE] [EMBASE/Excerpta Medica] [Chemical Abstracts/CAS]REVIEW ARTICLESAPPROVED GALLEY PROOF Peng J. et al: Psychosocial therapies for alcohol use disorder © Med Sci Monit, 2026; 32: e952777 anonymity of internet-delivered CBT with the relational continuity of traditional therapy, thereby enhancing engagement and self- reflection [54]. Taken together, internet-based CBT and blended CBT demonstrate promising efficacy and scalability in controlled trials, but they should be regarded as adjunctive or alternative options for selected populations rather than as replacements for established face-to-face care ready for broad routine implemen- tation. Real-world effectiveness, long-term durability, digital-eq- uity barriers, and cost-effectiveness remain understudied and re- quire resolution through large-scale effectiveness trials before health systems can adopt them as standard first-line care [55].

  Psychosocial Interventions for Alcohol Use Disorder: A Review of Efficacy, Mechanisms, and Clinical Implications · 2026 · DOI

• This meta-analysis has some limitations. First, the small number of included RCTs (n = 5 in quantitative synthesis) substantially limits statistical power for subgroup analyses, increases the influence of each study on pooled estimates, and precludes assessment of small-study effects via formal regression tests. Second, marked clinical and methodological heterogeneity limits the clinical interpretability of pooled estimates, particularly for alcohol outcomes. Third, most included trials were short (6-26 weeks), so whether GLP-1RA effects on substance use are maintained with longer treatment or after discontinuation is entirely unknown. Assessment of publication bias was also limited because the number of included studies was too small for reliable funnel plot interpretation or formal asymmetry testing.

  A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Evaluating the Role of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Substance Use Disorders · 2026 · DOI

• A key strength of this study is the use of a novel community participatory mapping approach, supplemented by local informants, to capture the spatial and temporal dimensions of neighbourhood alcohol availability. This approach addresses a critical research gap in a LMIC setting where alcohol is weak and poorly enforced. Furthermore, mapping both licensed and unlicensed outlets provides a comprehensive overview of the alcohol landscape regulation and its impact on public health, and supports data driven decision-making to identify high density hotspots, guide targeted public health interventions, and strengthen regulatory oversight. insights The integration of qualitative and GIS methods provided richer, contextually grounded into alcohol availability, while consistent data collection across sites ensured methodological rigour and comparability of results. Despite these strengths, the study did have some limitations. Due to safety concerns, mapping was conducted exclusively during daylight hours, thereby excluding outlets operating only at night, resulting in an undercount of density. Furthermore, with the clandestine nature of back room and home-based alcohol sales, it is likely that some informal outlets remained undetected, resulting in an underestimation of outlet density within the informal market. Another limitation arose from the inconsistent display of licensing led information at outlets, which may have to misclassification. However, intimate issue. community knowledge helped mitigate Nonetheless, the value of this study lies in its novel approach, combination of research methods, and the insights it provides into both formal and informal alcohol markets in a high‑burden alcohol‑consuming country with weak regulatory and enforcement systems.

  Feasibility of a community-centred approach to mapping alcohol outlet density and outlet trading times in two South African communities · 2026 · DOI

• BackgroundAlcohol-involved drinking episodes vary in whether they involve hazardous alcohol consumption alone, near-miss sexual risk, or sexual risk behavior, but the within-event mechanisms underlying this variability remain unclear.

  Why drinking episodes escalate differently: Event-level pathways linking hazardous alcohol consumption and sexual risk · 2026 · DOI

• The study recommends that the National Police Service, in conjunction with relevant stakeholders, including the Ministry of Health and the National Authority for the Campaign Against Alcohol and Drug Abuse (NACADA), should develop and implement targeted intervention programs. These programs should aim to reduce harmful alcohol use among GSU officers. The interventions may involve regular screening of GSU officers using tools like the AUDIT and providing psychosocial support services. The study also recommends policy changes towards a reduction in harmful alcohol use within the police service. REFERENCES Abikoye, G. E., & Awopetu, R. G. (2017). Alcohol and substance use among Nigerian police officers. American National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. (2010). Alcohol consumption statistics among first responders. Blum, L. N. (2013). Force under pressure: How cops live and why they die. Charles C Thomas Publisher. Boateng, F. D., & Nyarko, J. K. (2019). Alcohol use among police officers: A study of prevalence and risk factors in Ghana. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology. Chopko, B. A., Palmieri, P. A., & Adams, R. E. (2013). Associations between police stress and alcohol use: Implications for practice and future research. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 18(5), 482–497. Clark, J. (2022). Alcohol dependency and law enforcement in the United States. Davey, J. D., Obst, P. L., & Sheehan, M. C. (2000). The prevalence of alcohol consumption and other drug use in the Australian police service. Addiction, 95(11), 1613–1627. Gathecha, G., Nyingi, A., & Mwangi, N. (2019). Prevalence and predictors of alcohol use among Kenyan adults. Kenya Medical Research Institute. Heavey, S. C., Homish, G. G., Andrew, M. E., & Violanti, J. M. (2015).

  Examining the Prevalence of Alcohol Use among General Service Unit Officers in Nairobi City County, Kenya · 2026 · DOI

• in In the light of the data obtained on alcohol addiction in the Municipality the of Gostivar recommendations that can be developed in response to the increase in the number of addicted individuals despite the decrease in the population are listed below: the periods 2012-2017 and 2018-2023, Early Awareness and Education Programs: Comprehensive education programs on the harms of alcohol should be organized in schools and youth centers, and healthy living alternatives should be encouraged, emphasizing the risks of alcohol use, especially in adolescent and young adult groups. Social Awareness Campaigns: In cooperation with local media, social platforms and non-governmental organizations, awareness-raising campaigns should be carried out about the social dimensions of alcohol addiction; stigma should be reduced and the process of seeking help for addicted individuals should be supported. Gender-Specific Interventions: Specific intervention programs should be developed to address high rates of dependency in men, but also appropriate support groups and counselling services should be provided for women (e.g., in the case of increased female drinking). Strengthening Access and Controls: Strict controls should be carried out on access to alcohol by minors and the entry of smuggled/homemade alcohol into the market, and points of sale should be checked regularly in cooperation with local police and the municipality. Improving Treatment and Rehabilitation Services: Local health institutions should strengthen detoxification, psychotherapy and social rehabilitation services by adopting multidisciplinary approaches in the treatment of alcohol addiction. If necessary, supportive rehabilitation 116 Vision International Scientific Journal, Volume 10, Issue 2, September 2025 Prof. Dr. Adnan Vraynko, Asst. Prof. Dr. Esra Baki, Instructor Beyhan Uslu, Independent Researcher Pınar Zengin centers for addicts should be established in the region or the capacity of existing services should be increased. Economic and Social Support Programs: Since risk factors such as economic hardship and unemployment can trigger alcohol use, local governments should expand support programs for these groups through employment projects, social support networks and psychosocial counseling services. Data Collection and Continuous Monitoring: Regular and up-to-date data collection systems on alcohol addiction should be established, population and demographic changes should be closely monitored, and policies and intervention strategies should be updated with scientific data. REFERENCES Amato, L. D. (2010). Efficacy of psychosocial interventions in persons with alcohol use disorders. Addiction, 2(105), 275-298. APA, A. A. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders.

  A STUDY ON THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL ADDICTION BETWEEN 2012-2017 AND 2018-2023 IN GOSTIVAR MUNICIPALITY · 2026 · DOI

• REFERENCES The present study has several methodological limitations that should be considered when interpreting the results. First, the sample was selected through convenience sampling and consisted exclusively of individuals attending AA groups, which may limit the generalizability of the findings to individuals with problematic alcohol consumption outside such programs. Additionally, the sample size and the unequal distribution between men and women restrict the robustness of comparative analyses. Relevant sociodemographic and clinical variables—such as age, educational level, employment status, years of alcohol use, duration of abstinence, and family or social context—were not included and may moderate the relationship between impulsivity and quality of life. Furthermore, only self-report instruments were used, which may introduce bias related to subjective perception or social desirability. Finally, the cross-sectional design precludes causal inference and allows only for the identification of associations. Future research should aim to increase sample size, balance sex representation, include relevant clinical and sociodemographic variables, complement self-report measures with objective assessments, and employ longitudinal and multivariate designs to examine changes in impulsivity and quality of life over time and to explore potential predictive relationships. Alcohólicos Anónimos Ecuador. (2022). Directorio nacional de grupos de AA en Ecuador. https://www.alcoholicosanonimos.org. ec/directorios Aponte-Zurita, G., & Moreta-Herrera, R. (2023). Impulsividad y Consumo de alcohol y problemas asociados en adolescentes del Ecuador. Revista de Psicología de la Salud, 11(1), 70–83. https:// doi.org/10.21134/pssa.v11i1.301 Coates, J. M., Gullo, M. J., Feeney, G. F. X., Young, R. M., Dingle, G. A., Clark, P. J., & Connor, J. P. (2020). Craving mediates the effect of impulsivity on lapse-risk during alcohol use disorder treatment. Addictive Behaviors, 105, 106286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. addbeh.2019.106286 Colaco, A. S., Mayya, A., Noronha, C., & Mayya, S. S. (2023). Quality of life in patients with alcohol use disorders admitted to de-addiction centers using WHOQOL-BREF scale—A cross-sectional study. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 12(1), 196. https://doi. org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_248_23 Dayal, P., & Kaloiya, G. S. (2024). Quality of Life in Alcohol Use Disorder: Exploration of Predictive Factors in a Cross-Sectional Study. Psychiatry International, 5(1), 101–120. https://doi. org/10.3390/psychiatryint5010008 Dayal, P., Kaloiya, G. S., Verma, R., & Kumar, N. (2023).

  Impulsivity and Quality of Life in a Population with Problematic Alcohol Consumption · 2026 · DOI

• The study has several limitations. First, the use of a con- venience sampling technique from a single inpatient unit limits the generalizability of the findings to the broader population of individuals with SUD, particularly outpa- tients and those in different geographical or treatment settings. Second, the exclusive inclusion of male par- ticipants precludes conclusions regarding gender dif- ferences in SUD within this region. Additionally, the descriptive-survey design, while useful for characterizing the study population, does not permit causal inferences between variables. Lastly, although a comprehensive bat- tery of assessment tools was employed, reliance on self- reported data (e.g., detailed substance use history beyond UDS) may introduce recall bias or social desirability bias. Future research should employ multi-center designs with more diverse and representative samples to validate and extend these findings.

  Patterns of Substance Use Disorder in patients admitted to the Addiction Management Unit of Assiut University Hospital · 2026 · DOI

• The findings of this study highlight the critical role of direct interaction with individuals affected by addiction in mitigating stigma among healthcare professionals. Building on these results, we have initiated a follow-up research project, which we aim to complete and submit for publication in the near future. This forthcoming study will involve medical students from two different universities. While students at both institutions will receive the same theoretical coursework on addiction, those at our university will additionally participate in a one-month clinical rotation at an addiction treatment center. Stigma-related attitudes will be assessed using validated scales at both the beginning and end of the program. This design will allow us to evaluate the differential impact of theoretical education alone versus a combined theoretical and experiential learning approach. The ultimate goal is to inform the development of more effective educational interventions to reduce stigma and improve future healthcare professionals’ attitudes toward individuals with SUD.

  Attitudes of healthcare professionals toward individuals with alcohol and substance use disorders: A comparative study · 2026 · DOI

• The NFHS data do not distinguish between ‘ever use’ and ‘current use’ of alcohol and therefore cannot separate experimental use from regular consumption. While this limit detailed behavioural interpretation, the binary measure remains appropriate for our study aims. Our focus is not on the long-term health impacts of alcohol use but on iden- tifying early initiation, for which even a single reported instance of use is policy relevant. Any affirmative response indicates exposure in adolescence, which is precisely the con- cern our study seeks to examine. Furthermore, as the survey includes only adolescents aged 15–19 years, it may underestimate initiation occurring at younger ages. Although NFHS employs a complex survey design with sample weights to ensure representative- ness, sample weights were not used in this analysis due to analytic constraints and a lack of clear documentation on subgroup weighting. This could result in bias in absolute prevalence estimates, potentially under- or overestimating the true population rate. The direction and magnitude of this bias are difficult to determine precisely but are likely to have less impact on relative comparisons across states and subgroups, which are the main focus of our analysis. Instead, a multistage sampling structure has been accounted for through cluster adjustments. The self-reported nature of the data may introduce biases, including underreporting due to social desirability. Additionally, all inherent lim- itations of secondary data analysis apply.

  Patterns of alcohol use among adolescents in India based on National Family Health Survey data · 2026 · DOI

• Comorbid M/AD was consistently associated with greater treatment retention unlike the mixed results observed with psychological distress, which varied by intervention type and target substance.

  Association Between Psychiatric Comorbidity and Retention in Substance Use Disorder Treatment: Results From Multi-Site Randomized Controlled Trials of Pharmacological and Behavioral Interventions · 2026 · DOI

• Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may represent an additional vulnerability affecting the coordination of inhibitory control and emotional processes; however, its role in chronic drug users remains understudied.

  Cognitive–Emotional Functioning in Substance Use Disorder: Differences by MoCA-Based Mild Cognitive Impairment · 2026 · DOI

• However, further research into how the endorsement of cultural values by SSA Australian youth contributes to their acculturation and AOD use outcomes is needed to inform tailor-made AOD use interventions.

  Exploring cultural values in alcohol and other drug use among African Australian youth: A qualitative study · 2026 · DOI

• The perspectives and insights shared in this study were gathered exclusively from social workers employed by the Gauteng Department of Social Development, specifically within the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality. As a result, the findings from this study cannot be universally applied to all contexts; instead, they can be utilised in similar settings where comparable conditions exist. This limitation highlights the importance of taking into account the specific circumstances of the research when drawing conclusions or making recommendations based on these findings.

  The process of social work intervention in addressing the substance use challenges of young people · 2026 · DOI

• This study consists of participants who use drugs recreationally in party/club settings and do not define themselves as addicts. Therefore, the discourses and experiences of the participants in this study may differ from those of individuals who identify themselves as addicts and who receive treatment or therapy for drug addiction. In future studies, research could be conducted with individuals who use drugs regularly in order to gain a deeper 496 S. Okumuş et al.

  A Lacanian Exploration of Party Drug Use Through Subjects’ Discourses · 2026 · DOI

• A key strength of this study is the large sample size and school response rate, allowing the exploration of mental health and substance use during adolescence. This study furthers the current understanding of substance use behaviours, including cannabis, bridging gaps in polysubstance use and gender minorities research (Goodwin et al. 2022; Steinfeld and Torregrossa 2023). Furthermore, the manner in which substance use was explored through our exposure variables (i.e., cumulative and specific combinations), allowed for valuable evidence into realistic polysubstance use as highlighted by previous evidence (Bunting et al. 2024; Steinfeld and Torregrossa 2023). An important limitation is due to the cross-sectional nature of this data, causality cannot be established, and temporal direction- ality of polysubstance use and psychopathology is restricted. As vaping was included and combined with cigarettes under the term nicotine, the exact substance vaped is unknown. Substance use data limited extends further to quantity, reliable frequency, and importantly potency. Given how the data is collected, information https://doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2026.10197 Published online by Cambridge University Press 8 Ronan Fleury et al. there is the potential related to individuals who did not take part in the study was not made available. Therefore, these individuals may have sociodemo- graphically differed. However, participation rates were very high, giving confidence that the sample was representative. Due to the school-based study design, for biased reporting of mental health concerns and substance use i.e., peer pressure. However, the anonymity of the survey is likely to have this. While gender × polysubstance use mitigated against interaction terms were examined, small cell sizes across several gender and polysubstance use categories limited statistical power to detect moderation effects. However, in order to address, we conducted exploratory gender-stratified models, which provided complementary insights.

  Adolescent polysubstance use and psychopathology: a population-based survey in schools · 2026 · DOI

• The major strength of our study was the use of whole information on population data with high-quality income, demographic characteristics, and DUD, which made the internal and external validity of the study high. Given that Sweden is among the countries with the high- est proportion of immigrant populations, as well as the increasing prevalence of DUD similarly to other coun- tries, our population-level findings may provide insights to countries with a similar context. There were several methodological limitations in our study. Firstly, our findings were based on data that did not distinguish between specific drug types. The mechanisms in the association between parental income and DUD may differ across drug types, e.g., for cannabis, socio- economic status may affect initiation and the frequency of use differently; for opioids, socioeconomic status may affect mechanisms, such as those caused by trauma, pain, isolation, and structural disadvantage, differently, and stimulant-related drug problems may arise differently in different social contexts, such as in those related to rec- reational use [62–64]. Therefore, our findings are gen- eralizable to register-ascertained DUD as a composite outcome, rather than for a single drug category. Future studies could examine cannabis-, opioid-, stimulant-, and polysubstance-related disorders separately. Sec- ond, although parental income was assessed before the assessment of DUD, and the individuals with DUD at the age of 15 years were excluded to ensure a temporal relationship, the possibility of reverse causality cannot be ignored. However, our analyses on critical periods of low parental income indicated that parental income assessed in any age period was significantly associated with DUD, and 10–14 years of age was suggested as a more critical period. In addition, our findings were in line with previ- ous studies of parental income and substance use disor- ders, and, therefore, we believe that the bias induced by the reverse causality was low. On the other hand, exclud- ing the individuals with DUD at the age of 15 years might have biased the results, as the early-onset DUD may still be a consequence of low parental income. Conducting a further sensitivity analysis, including those who already had a DUD record before the age of 15, was however not feasible as DUD cases prior to the age of 15 could not be fully ascertained from certain registers (e.g., the Crime register). Nonetheless, it probably made our analyses conservative, i.e., underestimation of the effect of paren- tal income on DUD, and the excluded individuals were only 2%. Third, to assess the accumulated exposure and critical period of low parental income, we used total household disposable income without equivalization for household size and composition, and defined low income based on a relative threshold. While this approach cap- tures total economic resources in the family, it does not correspond directly with standard at-risk-of-pov- erty measures based on equivalized income. Fourth, DUD might have been underestimated, even though we assessed DUD by multiple types of registers. However, the underestimation of DUD could have been present for both non-immigrants and second-generation individuals, and, therefore, we believe that this did not bias the asso- ciations by immigrant background and region of origin to a high extent. Fifth, the associations between paren- tal income and DUD might have been overestimated, as there are unmeasured confounding factors, even though we adjusted for parental DUD assessed in the lifetime to compensate for this. Sixth, it is possible that DUDs were more likely to be detected in deprived, high-crime neigh- borhoods, where surveillance by the police may be more extensive.

  Parental income and drug use disorder among second-generation individuals in Sweden: effect modification by immigrant background and region of origin · 2026 · DOI

• Despite these limitations, the study provides one of the largest cross-sectional datasets currently available regarding substance use behaviors among university students in Germany. The inclusion of multiple universities and diverse academic disciplines strengthens the comparative value of the findings and contributes important evidence to the growing European literature on student health behaviors.

  Drug Use Among University Students in Germany: A Realistic Study and Scientific Analysis of Causes, Consequences, and Prevention Strategies · 2026 · DOI

• A notable challenge of this review was identifying a consistent and operational definition of what constitutes Motivational Interviewing (MI) and Brief Motivational Intervention (BMI) in the existing literature. In our analysis, we adhered to the terminology used by the authors of the included reviews (e.g., Barata et al., 2017; Joseph & Basu, 2017; Murphy et al., 2022). However, we recognize that the terms MI and BMI are not always used consistently, either across reviews or within the primary studies they summarize. This variability in terminology may contribute to differences in how the interventions are implemented and evaluated, potentially affecting the comparability of results. Another limitation concerns the broad heterogeneity of interventions grouped under the BMI label. Although BMI is based on the principles of MI, it varies widely in terms of both the number and duration of sessions. For example, while several reviews describe BMIs as consisting of four or fewer sessions lasting under 30 min (Joseph & Basu, 2017; Young et al., 2014), some studies included in these reviews report sessions lasting up to 60 min. This lack of standardization complicates efforts to draw firm conclusions about what constitutes an effective BMI and raises important questions about the minimum dose necessary to achieve meaningful outcomes, an area that would benefit from further research. A further consideration is the search strategy used in this review. In order to preserve precision and avoid increasing ambiguity in an already complex field, we chose to use specific terms such as “motivational interviewing” and “brief motivational intervention”, rather than broader keywords like “motivation” or “enhancement”. While this may have limited the scope of potentially relevant studies, it helped maintain a clear focus and reduced the risk of including studies that did not align with our review’s objectives. An important methodological concern, highlighted by the AMSTAR assessment, is the limited reporting of publication bias in the included reviews. Only two of the twelve reviews Current Psychology (2026) 45:693 1 3 explicitly addressed this issue. As noted in the Cochrane Handbook, failing to assess the risk of publication bias can undermine the reliability of synthesized findings, as studies with positive results are more likely to be published than those with null or negative outcomes. The lack of such assessment means that the effectiveness of brief interventions reported in these reviews could be overestimated, although the extent of this potential bias is difficult to determine without further data. Another gap worth noting is the scarcity of costeffectiveness analyses, particularly for middle-income countries.

  How effective are brief motivational interventions for reducing alcohol and drug use? A review of systematic reviews · 2026 · DOI

• Finally, incorporating multidisciplinary findings, I highlight understudied areas of inquiry in a developmental pathway model of sexual minority alcohol use and disorder that may guide future alcohol research involving LGB youth.

  Minority Stress and the Development of Problem Alcohol Use Among Sexual Minority Youth: A Scoping Review Synthesizing Multidisciplinary Mechanisms of Risk · 2025 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes

• In search of how people change: Applications to addictive behaviors. · American Psychologist · 1992 · 5,946 citations
• Drug Dependence, a Chronic Medical Illness · JAMA · 2000 · 1,980 citations
• Prevalence, Correlates, Disability, and Comorbidity of DSM-IV Alcohol Abuse and Dependence in the United States · Archives of General Psychiatry · 2007 · 1,766 citations
• A Meta-Analytic Review of Psychosocial Interventions for Substance Use Disorders · American Journal of Psychiatry · 2008 · 967 citations
• Prevalence of mental disorders and psychosocial impairments in adolescents and young adults · Psychological Medicine · 1998 · 604 citations
• A 2-year longitudinal analysis of the relationships between violent assault and substance use in women. · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · 1997 · 586 citations
• Reduction of Alcohol Consumption by Brief Alcohol Intervention in Primary Care · Archives of Internal Medicine · 2005 · 526 citations
• The Timeline Followback reports of psychoactive substance use by drug-abusing patients: Psychometric properties. · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · 2000 · 511 citations
• Co-occurrence of 12-Month Alcohol and Drug Use Disorders and PersonalityDisorders in the United States · Archives of General Psychiatry · 2004 · 500 citations
• Social norms and the prevention of alcohol misuse in collegiate contexts. · Journal of Studies on Alcohol Supplement · 2002 · 474 citations

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