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Open research questions in Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity

122 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 402 Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • investigating the association between EAT thickness and cardiac changes in a larger population - examining the effects of EAT thickness on cardiac function in individuals with known cardiac disease - exploring the molecular pathways underlying the association between EAT thickness and circulating biomarkers

    Epicardial adipose tissue thickness is associated with circulating biomarkers in individuals without known cardiac disease across a broad adiposity spectrum · 2026 · DOI

  • The study identifies a gap in understanding the association between epicardial adipose tissue thickness and circulating biomarkers in individuals without known cardiac disease. The study aims to investigate this association across a broad range of adiposity.

    Epicardial adipose tissue thickness is associated with circulating biomarkers in individuals without known cardiac disease across a broad adiposity spectrum · 2026 · DOI

  • Most inflammation-targeted imaging biomarkers require further technical standardization, - Validation in prospective studies is needed, - Demonstration of incremental clinical value beyond established risk stratification tools is required, - Whether imaging-guided selection of patients for anti-inflammatory therapies improves clinical outcomes remains to be established

    Targeting Inflammation Across the Myocardial Infarction Continuum: Biomarkers, Imaging, and Emerging Therapies · 2026 · DOI

  • Integration of molecular, anatomical, and functional information to provide a comprehensive assessment of inflammatory activity, - Development of more specific tracers targeting inflammatory pathways, - Evaluation of the clinical value of advanced imaging techniques

    Targeting Inflammation Across the Myocardial Infarction Continuum: Biomarkers, Imaging, and Emerging Therapies · 2026 · DOI

  • The complexity of PVAT biology and its interaction with vascular function. The scarcity of direct longitudinal evidence demonstrating PVAT involvement in disease progression. The need to distinguish between local PVAT-vascular interactions and insulin's broader systemic metabolic actions.

    Sex-Specific Mechanisms of Perivascular Adipose Tissue (PVAT) Dysfunction in Prediabetes and Diabetes: From Metabolic Crosstalk to Vascular Outcomes · 2026 · DOI

  • direct longitudinal evidence tracking PVAT between prediabetes and diabetes remains scarce, - evidence derived predominantly from animal models, - the study was performed in a specific hypertensive rat model and cannot be generalized to all vascular beds or metabolic diseases

    Sex-Specific Mechanisms of Perivascular Adipose Tissue (PVAT) Dysfunction in Prediabetes and Diabetes: From Metabolic Crosstalk to Vascular Outcomes · 2026 · DOI

  • The comparative associations of metabolic indices with ISR remain incompletely characterized. There is a need to explore potential heterogeneity according to sex and clinical presentation.

    Association of metabolic indices with in-stent restenosis and its angiographic severity after drug-eluting stent implantation: a case-control study · 2026 · DOI

  • Limited healthcare resources and insufficient research infrastructure compound the challenges of CVD management in regions with lower to middle sociodemographic indices. The complex 'obesity paradox' poses a challenge to traditional CVD risk prediction methods. The need to identify CVD risk factors specific to rapidly aging demographic profiles is a significant challenge.

    Cardiometabolic index predicts cardiovascular events in aging population: a machine learning-based risk prediction framework from a large-scale longitudinal study · 2025 · DOI

  • The prognostic utility of CMI for CVD events remains incompletely understood. There is an urgent need to identify CVD risk factors specific to the rapidly aging demographic profile of developing nations like China.

    Cardiometabolic index predicts cardiovascular events in aging population: a machine learning-based risk prediction framework from a large-scale longitudinal study · 2025 · DOI

  • The relationship between METS-VF and CKM syndrome is unclear. There is a need to investigate the correlation between METS-VF and CKM syndrome. The diagnostic ability of METS-VF for CKM syndrome needs to be evaluated.

    Correlation Between Metabolic Score for Visceral Fat and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: Analysis of NHANES 2011–2020 · 2025 · DOI

  • Despite overlapping remodeling features, their distinct mechanisms and therapeutic responses remain unclear.

    Genetic insights into radiomic and proteomic changes under β1-blockers treatment in hypertensive heart disease and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy · 2026 · DOI

  • However, its mechanism of action in the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) remains unknown.

    Pericoronary adipose tissue inflammation mediates the atherogenic effects of lipids on multivessel coronary artery disease: a CCTA-based radiomics analysis · 2025 · DOI

  • However, there is limited research on the contribution of EAT to the risk of AF recurrence (AFR).

    The association between features of epicardial adipose tissue and the risks of early recurrence after catheter ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation · 2025 · DOI

  • However, their clinical applications in predicting coronary arterial remodeling remain unknown.

    Detection of arterial remodeling using epicardial adipose tissue assessment from CT calcium scoring scan · 2025 · DOI

  • However, whether the METS-VF can be an indicator to predict the risk of CKM syndrome remains unclear.

    Correlation Between Metabolic Score for Visceral Fat and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: Analysis of NHANES 2011–2020 · 2025 · DOI

  • 1 However, body mass index (BMI) does not account for ectopic fat distribution, and epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) may play a distinct role.

    Epicardial adipose tissue and new-onset atrial fibrillation in a Danish cohort · 2025 · DOI

  • 3,4 While EAT has been linked to AF prevalence in previous population-based research, its association with incident AF remains unclear.

    Epicardial adipose tissue and new-onset atrial fibrillation in a Danish cohort · 2025 · DOI

  • 1,2 A considerable, yet poorly understood heterogeneity in the burden of arrhythmias is observed among individuals with this variant.

    Epicardial adipose tissue and malignant ventricular arrhythmias in phospholamban p.(Arg14del) variant carriers · 2025 · DOI

  • 4 While associations between EAT and atrial fibrillation have already been established,5,6 the relationship between EAT and ventricular arrhythmias remains poorly understood.

    Epicardial adipose tissue and malignant ventricular arrhythmias in phospholamban p.(Arg14del) variant carriers · 2025 · DOI

  • Background Ganglionated plexi (GPs) within epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) are involved in the initiation and maintenance of atrial fibrillation (AF), yet the effects of catheter ablation on EAT volume and GP activity remain unclear.

    Temporal Changes in Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Left Atrial Substrate After Atrial Fibrillation Ablation: Implications for Procedural Success · 2025 · DOI

  • However, the relationship between the METS-VF and carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) has not been extensively explored.

    Association between metabolic score of visceral fat and carotid atherosclerosis in Chinese health screening population: a cross-sectional study · 2024 · DOI

  • Background The cardiometabolic index (CMI) has emerged as a novel marker for evaluating the distribution and dysfunction of visceral adipose tissue, yet its correlation with numerous diseases, particularly new-onset chronic conditions, remains underexplored.

    Cardiometabolic index and the risk of new-onset chronic diseases: results of a national prospective longitudinal study · 2024 · DOI

  • However, the relationship between increased perirenal fat thickness (PrFT) and CVD risks in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains uncertain.

    Perirenal fat thickness contributes to the estimated 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus · 2024 · DOI

  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) constitute promising candidates to fill the gap in the knowledge concerning the unexplored mechanisms through which EAT promotes onset and progression of CVDs.

    Exploring the role of epicardial adipose-tissue-derived extracellular vesicles in cardiovascular diseases · 2024 · DOI

  • Previous studies on the impact of bariatric surgery on cardiac remodeling, most of them with short patient follow-up, have yielded inconsistent results.

    Long-term changes in cardiac geometry and mechanics after bariatric surgery- insights from the FatWest study · 2024 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity

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122 open questions have been extracted from the limitations and future-work passages of 402 Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity papers in our 4.5M-paper local library. Each one below links back to the study that raised it, so you can read the original claim in context.

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