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Open research questions in Color perception and design

158 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 792 Color perception and design papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • However, their ability to replicate human color-word associations remains understudied.

    Advancements and limitations of LLMs in replicating human color-word associations · 2025 · DOI

  • Abstract Aesthetic preferences vary widely among individuals and across cultures.

    On the universality of aesthetic preference and inference: a cross-cultural (Chinese–German) study · 2025 · DOI

  • Yet, how visitors from diverse cultural backgrounds perceive and emotionally respond to Chinese architectural symbols remains insufficiently understood.

    Cross-Cultural Perceptual Differences in the Symbolic Meanings of Chinese Architectural Heritage · 2025 · DOI

  • The combined emotional and new Chinese decorative style effects of interior spaces have not been examined adequately in previous studies.

    Emotional Design of Interior Spaces: Exploring Challenges and Opportunities · 2025 · DOI

  • Art exhibition spaces increasingly emphasize visitor experience, yet the relationships among spatial structure, visitor behavior, and emotional response remain unclear.

    Evaluating Art Exhibition Spaces Through Space Syntax and Multimodal Physiological Data · 2025 · DOI

  • While prior research has explored the impacts of color and editing independently, their combined effect remains largely unexplored, leaving the open question of how these elements together affect emotional perception.

    Exploring the combined impact of color and editing on emotional perception in authentic films: Insights from behavioral and neuroimaging experiments · 2024 · DOI

  • Moreover, colors can influence people’s perception of space, but the multiple interrelationships between color elements and users’ color evaluation and visual perception have not yet been thoroughly studied.

    Exploring the Impact of Facade Color Elements on Visual Comfort in Old Residential Buildings in Shanghai: Insights from Eye-Tracking Technology · 2024 · DOI

  • However, research on the architectural and cultural heritage of Southern Fujian remains scarce.

    A Study on the Visual Perception of Cultural Value Characteristics of Traditional Southern Fujian Architecture Based on Eye Tracking · 2024 · DOI

  • Although it has been shown that color can influence mental health and behavior, few studies have discussed the effects of cool and warm colors in classrooms on the perceived emotions of elementary school students.

    The Impact of Cool and Warm Color Tones in Classrooms on the Perceived Emotions of Elementary School Students in Northwest China · 2024 · DOI

  • Although these results are promising, the relationship between the PANAS and VR sensory analysis is still underexplored, with limited research investigating the specific effects of VR on affective states measured using the PANAS.

    Self-Assessed Experience of Emotional Involvement in Sensory Analysis Performed in Virtual Reality · 2024 · DOI

  • Future research can investigate the interrelationship between pattern and colour in shaping preferences and associated affective emotions, - Future research can explore the impact of textile pattern design on consumer behaviour and sustainability

    Exploring Colour-Pattern Interaction in Textile Design · 2026 · DOI

  • RESEARCH LIMITATIONS This study involved female undergraduate design students, who represent the population from which the sample was drawn; however, future studies may consider gender differences in broader demographic populations. Future research should examine the persistence of current findings when extending variance to pattern- https://doi. This study is limited to a single symmetry group, i.

    Exploring Colour-Pattern Interaction in Textile Design · 2026 · DOI

  • Prospective studies should, for sure, consider analyzing the impacts of other colors and their combinations, together with the consideration of the role of individual differences in color perception on memory recall. Also, the generalizability of the results would have been enhanced had the sample size increased, and a diverse population been included. All these imply that other factors must be explored, for example, potential pathways to cognition in which color affects memory, the addition of physiological markers, etc.

    The Influence of Color-Coded Words and Colored Backgrounds on Semantic Memory: An Experimental Study · 2026 · DOI

  • There are, however, some limits to the study since although the study was able to produce positive results, the results were based on a very limited population of 60 participants, so they could not generalize to other populations. The study also focused on particular colors and did not explore the variations among individuals for their preferences and perceptions of color. In future studies, researchers need to examine a wider variety of colors and assess the many ways that humans perceive color.

    The Influence of Color-Coded Words and Colored Backgrounds on Semantic Memory: An Experimental Study · 2026 · DOI

  • The study does not provide a comprehensive review of all existing office chair evaluation methods. The sample size of the survey participants is limited to 5 design experts, 5 product managers, 5 R&D managers, 5 product designers, and 200 office workers.

    Application of a PSO–FAHP-based evaluation system for office chair design demand analysis · 2026 · DOI

  • Existing studies on office chair evaluation often emphasize either general furniture attributes or isolated performance indicators, limiting their usefulness for systematic design decision-making. There is a need for a systematic approach to evaluating office chair products based on user requirements.

    Application of a PSO–FAHP-based evaluation system for office chair design demand analysis · 2026 · DOI

  • Visually impaired individuals face challenges in perceiving colors due to their visual impairment. Traditional learning methods and environments limit the vocabulary development of visually impaired people. The study's findings highlight the need for more accessible designs for visually impaired people.

    Adjectives improve color perception in visually impaired people through multisensory stimulation · 2026 · DOI

  • The study identifies a gap in the understanding of how visually impaired individuals construct color experiences and meanings. The study notes a limitation in the vocabulary development of visually impaired people due to traditional learning methods and environments.

    Adjectives improve color perception in visually impaired people through multisensory stimulation · 2026 · DOI

  • The study only examined the effects of color and mascots on visual attention, - The study did not investigate other potential factors that could influence visual attention, - The study had a limited sample size of 82 participants

    Independent and Additive Effects of Color and Mascots on Visual Attention in Shopping Apps: An S-O-R Eye-Tracking Study · 2026 · DOI

  • Investigate the effects of other visual elements on attention, - Examine the interaction between color, mascots, and other factors on attention, - Conduct studies with larger and more diverse sample sizes

    Independent and Additive Effects of Color and Mascots on Visual Attention in Shopping Apps: An S-O-R Eye-Tracking Study · 2026 · DOI

  • Future research could explore the applications of the color blue in various domains, such as medicine, art, and technology. Further studies could investigate the psychological and physiological effects of the color blue on humans and animals.

    The color blue: symbolism, evolution, and interdisciplinary connections · 2026 · DOI

  • The study identifies a gap in the understanding of the complex and multidimensional role of the color blue. The research aims to fill this gap by providing an interdisciplinary analysis of the color blue.

    The color blue: symbolism, evolution, and interdisciplinary connections · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a lack of literature on the prioritization of aesthetic factors in plant designs. The study identifies a gap in the existing literature on planting design.

    Assessment of an Effective Quantitative Model for Aesthetic Factors in Planting Design Using a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Method · 2026 · DOI

  • Future studies can build on the current research by exploring the impact of lighting on sense of place in other types of spaces. Future research can investigate the role of other atmospheric attributes, such as music and scent, in shaping sense of place.

    Luminous Environment Perception and Sense of Place within a Coffee Shop Context · 2026 · DOI

  • The role of lighting in shaping perception, experience, and sense of place remains insufficiently examined. Existing research has not fully explored the relationship between luminous environment perception and sense of place in coffee shops.

    Luminous Environment Perception and Sense of Place within a Coffee Shop Context · 2026 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Color perception and design

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158 open questions have been extracted from the limitations and future-work passages of 792 Color perception and design papers in our library. Each one below links back to the study that raised it, so you can read the original claim in context.

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