Open research questions in Competency Development and Evaluation
166 gap statements mined from Competency Development and Evaluation papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 1,630 papers on the topic — drawn mostly from each paper's own stated research gap, future-work, challenge and limitation notes, and its abstract. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one.
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What the literature leaves open
This study addresses a crucial gap in South Africa’s public entities in terms of the managerial competencies required for digital performance management, particularly in the aftermath of COVID-19.
Managerial competencies and the Iceberg theory: A framework for digital performance management in South African public entities · 2026 · DOIThis has certainly significant implications for the further study of educational leadership in this post-COVID era, with a special focus on the beneficial use of recent technologies to enhance school outcomes.
The Intellectual Evolution of Educational Leadership Research: A Combined Bibliometric and Thematic Analysis Using SciMAT · 2024 · DOIThese findings do not undermine the framework’s theoretical ambition but instead provide concrete, empirically grounded signals regarding where conceptual boundaries are less intuitive and where refinement is warranted.
The ATHENA Competency Framework: An Evaluation of Its Validity According to Instructional Designers and Human Resource Development Professionals · 2026 · DOIMoreover, since the proposed educational programs have not yet been empirically tested through actual implementation, future research is needed to evaluate their effectiveness and develop actionable strategies and legislative frameworks for their institutionalization.
Developing a Competency-Based Transition Education Framework for Marine Superintendents: A DACUM-Integrated Approach in the Context of Eco-Digital Maritime Transformation · 2025 · DOIThis study drew upon the lived experiences of frontline workers and supervisors whose perspectives about industry training and workplace learning are largely underexplored.
“Passion, style, and smarts”—industry perspectives on supervisor competencies in the mining industry · 2025 · DOIOne of the challenges is the lack of a consistent definition of competence. Another challenge is the difficulty in measuring performance and management competence.
Management Competence and the Performance of County Governments in Kenya: The Moderating Effect of Organizational Resources · 2026 · DOIFuture studies can examine the relationship between management competence, organizational resources, and performance in other contexts. Future studies can also explore the mechanisms by which organizational resources moderate the relationship between management competence and performance.
Management Competence and the Performance of County Governments in Kenya: The Moderating Effect of Organizational Resources · 2026 · DOIThe gap between what a student understands, knows and how effectively they can apply, recall, and build on that knowledge in real-world scenarios. Conventional educational assessments fail to capture the dynamic, behavioural dimensions of learning capability.
Learning Capability Index (LCI): A Framework for Real-Time Adaptive Human Capability Measurement in Education · 2026 · DOIThe study identifies a gap in the current literature where ELAQF is predominantly addressed as an educational tool and less as a foundation for predictive models of human capital in logistics.
The Impact of Business and Management Skills on Applied Logistics Skills. A PLS-SEM Approach in Accordance with ELAQF · 2026 · DOIThe study has a few limitations that should be kept in mind. First, the non-probabilistic sample, limited to professionals in Romania, may reduce the degree of generalisation of the results. Second, the measurement of applied logistics skills was based exclusively on self-assessment, introducing a potential subjective bias in the absence of objective operational indicators.
The Impact of Business and Management Skills on Applied Logistics Skills. A PLS-SEM Approach in Accordance with ELAQF · 2026 · DOIThe gap between the skills of Vocational Madrasah Aliyah graduates and the needs of industry. The slow pace of adaptation to technological disruption.
The Co-Design Curriculum Mandate Policy Addresses the Misalignment Between Vocational Madrasah Aliyah Graduates and Industry Needs · 2026 · DOIWhile Crew Resource Management (CRM) training addresses selected non-technical skills, it is insufficient as a standalone solution due to its standardized and procedural nature.
Integration of managerial training systems into the development path of aircraft commanders as a factor enhancing flight safety · 2026 · DOIFuture research is recommended to involve multiple research sites and conduct a more detailed analysis of objectivity across certification stages to provide a more comprehensive perspective. First this research is limited to a single LSP-P1 institution; therefore, variations may exist in other LSP-P1 contexts.
The Strategic Role of Competency Assessors in Ensuring Objectivity in Competency Certification: A Case Study of LSP-P1 of Sahid Polytechnic, Indonesia · 2026 · DOIThe study identifies a gap in the understanding of competency-based assessment at a public university, - It highlights the need to transform traditional assessment models.
Evaluación por Competencias en una Universidad Pública: Compromiso Institucional, Acciones de Implementación e Instrumentos Evaluativos · 2026 · DOIThe development of professional tennis has placed higher demands on coaches' professional competencies. There is a need to develop and validate a core competency framework for professional tennis coaches in China.
Development and validation of a core competency framework for professional tennis coaches in China · 2026 · DOIThe study suggests that future research should focus on developing a more comprehensive and scalable framework for curriculum development in tourism and integrated resort education.
A Mapping Analysis of Curriculum and Major Competencies Based on Casino Industry Demand · 2026 · DOIThe study highlights the need for a quantitative assessment of course-level competency contributions to identify areas for improvement.
A Mapping Analysis of Curriculum and Major Competencies Based on Casino Industry Demand · 2026 · DOIThe LCI framework can be applicable across any domain where human capability development can be observed behaviourally. The LCI has the potential to function as a national human capability measurement standard.
Learning Capability Index (LCI): A Framework for Real-Time Adaptive Human Capability Measurement in Education · 2026 · DOIProvide supporting infrastructure in the form of continuous mentoring and professional learning communities. Allocate budget for the implementation of action learning projects and the facilitation of strategic partnerships. For Headteachers: 1. Implementing the principles of the ADAPT Model in daily leadership practices.
Development of a Partnership-Based Managerial Competency Model for School Principals through Transformational Leadership · 2026 · DOIExtant research on postgraduates' sense of learning-life attainment is rather limited. Existing studies are predominantly speculative and normative in nature.
The competencies of vocational teacher education graduates have not been applied in competency-based vocational learning.
Analysis of Factors Determining Competence in Vocational Teacher Candidates: A SEM Approach · 2026 · DOIDevelopment of targeted training programs to address areas of improvement.
Evaluating Competency-Based Learning: An Analysis of Student Performance on the Certified Nonprofit Professional (CNP) Exam Authors · 2026 · DOIThe existing literature reveals a gap in the integration of local wisdom into competency-based training. The study identifies a gap between Indonesia's ranking in publications and its lag in citations and international collaboration.
A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF COMPETENCY-BASED TRAINING IN VOCATIONAL EDUCATION: TRENDS, GAPS, AND IMPLICATIONS FOR BATIK TRAINING DEVELOPMENT · 2026 · DOIWeitere Studien sollten die Entwicklung von Simulationstrainings für Rettungsdienste untersuchen. Weitere Studien sollten die Wirksamkeit von Team-Arbeit-Kontext-Analyse (TAKAI) in der prähospitalen Notfallmedizin untersuchen.
Szenariodimensionen beim Training von Rettungsteams – Prioritätensetzung mittels Team-Arbeits-Kontext-Analyse · 2026 · DOIEs gibt eine Lücke im Bereich der Team-Arbeit-Kontext-Analyse in der prähospitalen Notfallmedizin. Es gibt eine Lücke im Bereich der Identifizierung von Trainingsbedarf für Crew-Resource-Management(CRM)-Trainings.
Szenariodimensionen beim Training von Rettungsteams – Prioritätensetzung mittels Team-Arbeits-Kontext-Analyse · 2026 · DOI
Most-cited papers in Competency Development and Evaluation
- Human Resource Systems and Sustained Competitive Advantage: A Competency-Based Perspective · Academy of Management Review · 1994 · 1,922 citations
- Competencies in the 21st century · Journal of Management Development · 2008 · 662 citations
- UNDERSTANDING HUMAN COMPETENCE AT WORK: AN INTERPRETATIVE APPROACH. · Academy of Management Journal · 2000 · 635 citations
- The use of expert judges in scale development · Journal of Business Research · 2003 · 607 citations
- Competence in experts: The role of task characteristics · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · 1992 · 556 citations
- DOING COMPETENCIES WELL: BEST PRACTICES IN COMPETENCY MODELING · Personnel Psychology · 2011 · 496 citations
- Standards of Validity and the Validity of Standards in Performance Asessment · Educational Measurement Issues and Practice · 1995 · 482 citations
- THE PRACTICE OF COMPETENCY MODELING · Personnel Psychology · 2000 · 441 citations
- The Great Eight Competencies: A Criterion-Centric Approach to Validation. · Journal of Applied Psychology · 2005 · 422 citations
- What are modelling competencies? · ZDM · 2006 · 396 citations
Most recent work
- Empowering the pharmaceutical workforce for the digital future · European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · 2026
- Mapping transversal competences for vocational education learners in response to transformations in the world of work: a scoping review · Education + Training · 2026
- The competency blueprint for practitioner training: A brief theoretical, empirical, and applications critique. · Clinical Psychology Science and Practice · 2026
- Structured approach to job mapping for exemplary performers: leveraging the enhanced DACUM method · Journal of Workplace Learning · 2026
- Semantic mapping of soft skills from skillsmatch framework to the standard EN 16234-1 using transformer-based NLP · Computer Standards & Interfaces · 2026
- Redesigning HRM for instructor competency in Thai vocational and bachelor of technology education: Challenges and strategic directions · Social Sciences & Humanities Open · 2026
- Empirical indistinguishability of the fuzzy competence-based local independence model · Fuzzy Sets and Systems · 2026
- Competencies and leadership attributes for radiographer-led management in clinical practice: A document analysis of job advertisements in the United Kingdom · Radiography · 2026
- Basics for the Future – Basic Competency Shifts in the AI Era · Business & Information Systems Engineering · 2026
- Data-driven identification of critical skills for international construction supply chain management practitioners · Engineering Construction & Architectural Management · 2026
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