Science AI Journal
Physics and Astronomy · Research topic

Open research questions in Cosmology and Gravitation Theories

696 gap statements mined from Cosmology and Gravitation Theories papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 4,000 papers on the topic — drawn mostly from each paper's own stated research gap, future-work, challenge and limitation notes, and its abstract. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one.

Choosing where to publish on Cosmology and Gravitation Theories? See the ranked Physics journals.

What the literature leaves open

  • Second, future studies should investigate the propagation of emulator uncertainties and neural-posterior calibration errors into cosmological parameter constraints, particularly in regimes where observational precision becomes comparable to the approximation error introduced by 66676869707172H0Exact MCMC convergence: CC+DESI02500500075001000012500150001750020000MCMC step0.

    Benchmarking Exact, Gaussian Process-emulated, and SBI for Late-time Cosmology · 2026 · DOI

  • Some of our VD Gowdy observables have been ‘reverse engineered’ to allow for such a lift, but the systematic feasibility remains to be explored. A second open question concerns the feasibility of a general ‘lift’ of Dirac observables in the VD Gowdy system to those of the full Gowdy cosmologies.

    Dirac Observables for Gowdy Cosmologies Regular at the Big Bang · 2026 · DOI

  • Although some incompletely characterized systematic uncertainties remain in various observations, they are insufficient to account for the observed magnitude of the discrepancy in H0.

    A Review on Resolving the Hubble Tension via Late-Universe Physics · 2026 · DOI

  • Dashed arrows denote proposed microscopic or cross-consistency relations that remain to be derived. Their survival is not guaranteed by crossing the FLRW apparent horizon, and the transfer through the high-density phase remains an open dynamical problem.

    A Finite Universe as a Laboratory for Quantum Gravity · 2026 · DOI

  • The three-form dark energy model is a potential alternative to the ΛCDM model, but its parameters need to be constrained. The Hubble tension is an open problem that needs to be alleviated.

    Three-form dark energy: constraints and multi-probe comparison with ΛCDM · 2026 · DOI

  • Whether or not the present model can be made consistent with the wealth of precision cosmological data remains to be seen.

    Two-Channel Lévy Model of Cosmological Kinematics · 2026 · DOI

  • This shows that, on its own, a reduction of data set tension under an extension to ΛCDM is insufficient to demonstrate that the extended model is favoured.

    On data set tensions and signatures of new cosmological physics · 2024 · DOI

  • A first-principles local action realizing such a non-standard transformation law remains an open problem.

    Particle creation, clock variables, and relabelling symmetry in pull-back variational fluids · 2026 · DOI

  • There are naturally still many open questions related to this thermodynamic cosmological model.

    Thermodynamic Cosmology from the CMB Temperature and the Planck Temperature and the Relation to Quantum Cosmology · 2026 · DOI

  • This indicates that current conclusions from DESI DR2 combined with Pantheon$+$ likely arise from combining inconsistent datasets, leading to precise but inaccurate inference of cosmological parameters.

    Hint toward an inconsistency between BAO and supernovae datasets: The evidence of redshift evolving dark energy from DESI DR2 is absent · 2026 · DOI

  • These findings highlight the need for further investigation into the expansion history to better understand the deviations from the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}\mathrm{CDM}$ model.

    Model-independent cosmological inference after the DESI DR2 data with improved inverse distance ladder · 2025 · DOI

  • Interestingly, recent analyses have revealed that large-scale structure (LSS) data also align with this scenario, discarding the possibility of an accidental feature in the CMB sky and calling for further investigation into the free-streaming nature of neutrinos.

    Strong constraints on a simple self-interacting neutrino cosmology · 2025 · DOI

  • The spacetime dynamics of the background scalar field undergoing the phase transition can also directly produce quanta of particles that couple to the scalar, which has not been studied as extensively in the literature.

    Aspects of particle production from bubble dynamics at a first order phase transition · 2025 · DOI

  • An $H(z)$ expansion rate deformation alone is insufficient to resolve the tension.

    Hubble tension tomography: BAO vs SN Ia distance tension · 2024 · DOI

  • According to the existing records in the literature, this combined picture has not been reported elsewhere.

    Phase space analysis of sign-shifting interacting dark energy models · 2024 · DOI

  • The origin of this ${S}_{8}$ tension has not yet been elucidated and may hint at systematics in the data, unaccounted effects from baryonic physics, or new physics beyond the standard model of cosmology.

    Scale-dependent local primordial non-Gaussianity as a solution to the S 8 tension · 2024 · DOI

  • The lack of a unified theoretical framework explaining cosmological observations. The need for an alternative to the Doppler-based expansion model. The requirement for Dark Energy or space expansion in current cosmological models.

    Theory of Infinite Universe and Quantum Vacuum: From Galactic Rotation to Cosmic Redshift · 2026 · DOI

  • Next-generation CMB spectrometers should be used to test the IEP's prediction. Further study of the IEP's implications for our understanding of the early universe is needed.

    Inverse Einstein Protocol (IEP) Prediction CMB μ-Distortion Amplitude from Phase Transition Residual Friction · 2026 · DOI

  • One open problem remains in full: the substrate field Lagrangian that fixes kpeak exactly from first principles. The renormalisation-group derivation of G from the SU(2) Yang-Mills coupling at the lattice scale k0 provides a well-posed path toward resolving this (Open Problem 1).

    Gravity as Emergent Topology in a Planck-Scale FCC Lattice: Newtonian Sector and Yang-Mills Teleparallel Completion · 2026 · DOI

  • While we find a clear improvement in the goodness of fit for this dark energy model with respect to others that have been considered in the recent literature, using information theoretic criteria, we show that the evidence for it is still inconclusive.

    Matching current observational constraints with nonminimally coupled dark energy · 2025 · DOI

  • The underlying cause of the late-time cosmic acceleration remains one of the most profound mysteries in modern physics.

    Investigating Barrow Holographic Dark Energy in Quintessential f(R,Lm)-Gravity with Ricci Scalar as the IR Cutoff · 2026 · DOI

  • The ultimate fate of the universe remains one of the central questions in cosmology. The Big Rip scenario is a phenomenological model that relies on the assumption of a dark energy component.

    Woven Theory-Big Rip vs Woven Threads: A First-Principles Prediction of Cosmic Lifetime · 2026 · DOI

  • The traditional view of the CMB as the cooled aftermath of a hot Big Bang explosion may not fully explain the observed μ-distortion amplitude. The IEP offers an alternative interpretation, focusing on residual friction from a Phase Transition.

    Inverse Einstein Protocol (IEP) Prediction CMB μ-Distortion Amplitude from Phase Transition Residual Friction · 2026 · DOI

  • Future research should include source, response, and noise modeling for quantitative detector detectability and cosmological-parameter…

    Real part emergence in purely imaginary quasinormal modes in perturbed de Sitter braneworlds · 2026 · DOI

  • Further development of the Theory of Infinite Universe and Quantum Vacuum. Experimental verification of the predicted phenomena. Application of the model to other areas of cosmology and physics.

    Theory of Infinite Universe and Quantum Vacuum: From Galactic Rotation to Cosmic Redshift · 2026 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Cosmology and Gravitation Theories

Most recent work

Find a gap in your own Cosmology and Gravitation Theories sub-topic

This page shows what the Cosmology and Gravitation Theories literature already flags as unresolved. To narrow it to your specific question, search the Research Gap Finder: the search is free with a free account and lists the papers closest to your topic first. Unlocking that topic (50 credits, charged once) fills the comparison table from our 7.9M-paper local library and writes the gaps from its rows.

Open the Research Gap Finder →

Related topics in Physics and Astronomy

Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
888 open questions
Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
838 open questions
Model Reduction and Neural Networks
830 open questions
Quantum Information and Cryptography
618 open questions
Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques
473 open questions
Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
462 open questions
Astro and Planetary Science
442 open questions
Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
436 open questions
Open questions raised by papers listed on this page include: (1) Dashed arrows denote proposed microscopic or cross-consistency relations that remain to be derived (“A Finite Universe as a Laboratory for Quantum Gravity”, 2026); (2) There are naturally still many open questions related to this thermodynamic cosmological model (“Thermodynamic Cosmology from the CMB Temperature and the Planck Temperature and…”, 2026); (3) The lack of a unified theoretical framework explaining cosmological observations (“Theory of Infinite Universe and Quantum Vacuum: From Galactic Rotation to…”, 2026); (4) The spacetime dynamics of the background scalar field undergoing the phase transition can also directly produce quanta of particles that couple to the scalar, which has not been studied as extensively in the literature (“Aspects of particle production from bubble dynamics at a first order phase…”, 2025); (5) The origin of this ${S}_{8}$ tension has not yet been elucidated and may hint at systematics in the data, unaccounted effects from baryonic physics, or new physics beyond the standard model of cosmology (“Scale-dependent local primordial non-Gaussianity as a solution to the S 8…”, 2024). 696 gap statements have been mined from Cosmology and Gravitation Theories papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 4,000 papers on the topic; the gaps come from whichever of those papers state one. They are mostly the research gaps the authors state and the papers' abstracts, plus future-work, limitations and challenges passages. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one, so you can read the original claim in context.

Tools for your next paper

Gaps & Literature SearchFind open questions in any field — 1,100,000+ open gaps mined from our own library.Pre-CheckIs your paper ready? Acceptance odds for top, mid and open/emerging journals, in seconds.Journal FinderA ranked shortlist of target journals from a 17,500-venue index.Duplicate Publication CheckerCheck for prior publication across 7 sources and our local library.Citation GeneratorFreeA DOI or title → APA, MLA, Vancouver, Chicago, BibTeX, RIS. No signup.Graphical Abstract MakerFreeTurn your findings into a colorblind-safe graphical abstract.

How Pre-Check worksHow AI Review works

Compare the category — Honest roundups of the AI research tools, ours listed alongside the alternatives.

Command palette

Jump anywhere, run any action.