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Open research questions in Diagnosis and Treatment of Venous Diseases

72 gap statements mined from Diagnosis and Treatment of Venous Diseases papers in our 4.5M-paper local library, which holds 467 papers on the topic — drawn mostly from each paper's own stated research gap, future-work, challenge and limitation notes, and its abstract. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one.

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What the literature leaves open

  • There is a need for a comprehensive review of varicocele diagnosis and treatment. Current research on varicocele is limited by the lack of a standardized treatment approach.

    VARIKOCELĖS KLINIKINIAI POŽYMIAI, DIAGNOSTIKA, GYDYMO GALIMYBĖS · 2026 · DOI

  • CDU has limitations in detecting venous abnormalities in the pelvic and calf regions. CDU was severely limited by patient obesity in 40% of cases. The study had a limited sample size of 100 patients.

    Comparison of the diagnostic utility of computed tomography venography with color Doppler ultrasound in patients suspected of secondary varicose veins: Study on diagnostic accuracy · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a need for a more accurate diagnostic method for secondary varicose veins. Traditional diagnostic methods have limitations in detecting the underlying causes of secondary varicose veins.

    Comparison of the diagnostic utility of computed tomography venography with color Doppler ultrasound in patients suspected of secondary varicose veins: Study on diagnostic accuracy · 2026 · DOI

  • The study had a limited sample size, with only 311 participants involved in a comparison of Endovenous Laser Ablation and surgery. The study had a high risk of bias, with some outcomes assessed by non-blinded assessors.

    HOMILADORLIKDA VARIKOZ KASSALIKLARI DIAGNOSTIKA: SABABLARI, TURLARI, KLINIK KO'RINISHLARI VA DAVOLASH YONDOSHUVI · 2026 · DOI

  • The lack of surface landmarks makes it difficult to identify the ventral–dorsal boundary laparoscopically. Anatomical resection of the ventral or dorsal part is technically demanding due to the lack of a reliable method to identify the ventral–dorsal boundary.

    ICG-Enhanced Visualization of Venous Congestion for Laparoscopic Anatomical Liver Resection of Segment 8-Ventral · 2026 · DOI

  • Further well-designed clinical trials are required to validate efficacy and safety. Studies should investigate the effectiveness of integrative approaches combining modern and Ayurvedic strategies.

    RAKTAMOKSHANA & SIRAVYADHA IN VARICOSITY: HEMODYNAMIC AND SYMPTOMATIC OUTCOMES WITH COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF SCLEROTHERAPY AND AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT · 2026 · DOI

  • Existing studies have investigated compression therapy within individual pathologies, making it difficult to translate clinical findings into general design principles. There is a need to identify cross-pathological overarching insights that provide unified principles for compression device design.

    Compression Therapy in Human Body Applications: A Systematic Review from Principles to Practice · 2026 · DOI

  • Multicentre studies enrolling larger patient cohorts over extended observation periods are warranted to evaluate the long-term outcomes of EVLA and to develop standardised treatment protocols for venous trophic ulcers.

    EFFICACY OF ENDOVENOUS LASER ABLATION IN THE TREATMENT OF VENOUS TROPHIC ULCERS · 2026 · DOI

  • Future research should consider a multicenter design with large sample sizes and long-term follow-up periods to further evaluate the long-term clinical efficacy and economic feasibility of this care model more comprehensively. Although patient-related data were protected during WeChat-based online follow-up, further research is warranted to assess data security and privacy frameworks in greater detail.

    Efficacy of a WeChat-Based Follow-Up Approach in Patients Undergoing Minimally Invasive Treatment for Lower Extremity Varicose Veins · 2026 · DOI

  • Although congestion is recognized across multiple disease states, the existing literature is largely confined to isolated protein measurements in congested cardiac populations, leaving its broader molecular biology poorly understood. These data provide a foundation for further studies of the biological mechanisms of venous congestion.

    Characterizing the molecular landscape of venous congestion · 2026 · DOI

  • Most studies investigate a small number of proteins, and few studies have used high-throughput proteomics technologies. As most studies have focused on heart failure, limited data are available on other relevant congestion states, such as iatrogenic volume resuscitation in the context of shock, congestive nephropathy, congestive hepatopathy or cardiointestinal syndrome.

    Characterizing the molecular landscape of venous congestion · 2026 · DOI

  • Patients with physical limitations may have difficulty remaining in the orthostatic position. The orthostatic position may cause discomfort and increase the risk of adverse events. Alternative positions and maneuvers are needed to improve patient comfort and diagnostic accuracy.

    Eco-doppler venoso de membros inferiores · 2026 · DOI

  • The need for a more comfortable alternative to the orthostatic position for patients with physical limitations. The lack of studies comparing alternative positions and maneuvers for venous Doppler ultrasound.

    Eco-doppler venoso de membros inferiores · 2026 · DOI

  • Selection of the optimal strategy for treating varicose veins is still debatable due to lack of high-quality evidence. There is a need for head-to-head comparison between different treatment modalities.

    Endovenous laser ablation versus ligation plus stripping or sclerotherapy for primary lower limb varicose veins: a multicentric three-arm propensity score matched analysis · 2026 · DOI

  • Future multicenter controlled studies should incorporate validated outcome measures such as limb circumference, Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS), ulcer area measurement, pain scales, recurrence rate, and qualityof-life questionnaires with longer follow-up.

    CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF INDIVIDUALIZED HOMEOPATHIC TREATMENT COMBINED WITH ARDHA SARVANGASANA IN PATIENTS WITH LOWER LIMB SWELLING, CELLULITIS, VARICOSE VEINS, AND VARICOSE ULCERS: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY · 2026 · DOI

  • The disease is frequently diagnosed at advanced stages. The treatment of the disease can be challenging due to its complexity and the need for a multidisciplinary approach. The prevention of the disease requires a comprehensive understanding of the risk factors associated with its development.

    Características Clínicas y Epidemiológicas de la Insuficiencia Venosa Crónica en una Cohorte Ambulatoria · 2026 · DOI

  • The need to understand the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of chronic venous insufficiency in order to improve diagnosis and treatment. The lack of studies that analyze the demographic characteristics, risk factors, and clinical manifestations of the disease in a large cohort of patients.

    Características Clínicas y Epidemiológicas de la Insuficiencia Venosa Crónica en una Cohorte Ambulatoria · 2026 · DOI

  • The lack of a sensitive tool to detect changes in disease severity over time. The need for a dynamic tool to objectively evaluate the severity of chronic venous insufficiency.

    Venous Clinical Severity Score as a Tool to Assess the Outcome of Endovenous Laser Ablation for Varicose Veins · 2026 · DOI

  • Future prospective studies using standardized anaesthetic protocols or appropriate statistical adjustment for anaesthetic modality are warranted to better distinguish the independent contribution of surgical technique from that of perioperative anaesthesia. Future prospective randomized controlled trials are warranted to confirm these findings.

    Endovenous thermal ablation combined with foam sclerotherapy is a safe and effective method for the treatment of lower extremity varicose veins: a multicenter retrospective analysis · 2026 · DOI

  • Therefore, we could not evaluate longitudinal score stability in the absence of treatment, confirm whether PROISCD-PU scores would remain unchanged without clinical change, or determine whether the observed improvements were attributable exclusively to treatment rather than natural symptom fluctuation, regression to the mean, or other time-related factors.

    Measurement properties of a patient-reported outcome scale for peptic ulcer: a validation study using classical test theory and generalizability theory · 2026 · DOI

  • Lower limb muscle mass depletion has been associated with poor outcomes in various vascular diseases, yet its prognostic role in patients with non-thrombotic iliac vein compression syndrome (NIVCS) and varicose veins (VC) undergoing endovascular intervention remains unclear.

    Lower Limb Muscle Mass Parameters Predict Short-Term Prognosis After Endovascular Intervention for Non-Thrombotic Iliac Vein Compression Syndrome With Varicose Veins · 2026 · DOI

  • It remains unclear though to what extent increased levels of LLE related to prolonged standing can be diminished by MCS in healthy individuals as well as CVI patients.

    Influence of compression stockings with different compression classes on lower leg edema and perceived discomfort during a two-hour static standing exposure – a pilot study · 2025 · DOI

  • Limited reporting of technical parameters, such as energy settings and fiber type.

    Endovenous laser ablation versus radiofrequency ablation in chronic venous insufficiency: a comparative meta-analysis of efficacy and safety · 2026 · DOI

  • Long-term follow-up studies to evaluate the durability of EVLA treatment. Comparative studies to evaluate the effectiveness of EVLA versus other treatment options.

    Venous Clinical Severity Score as a Tool to Assess the Outcome of Endovenous Laser Ablation for Varicose Veins · 2026 · DOI

  • Investigating the underlying mechanisms of the correlations between VVs and CSF AD biomarkers - Examining the relationships between VVs and other risk factors for AD - Studying the effects of VVs on cognitive decline and AD…

    Associations of varicose veins with cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease pathologies in adults without dementia: the CABLE study · 2025 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Diagnosis and Treatment of Venous Diseases

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Open questions raised by papers listed on this page include: (1) There is a need for a comprehensive review of varicocele diagnosis and treatment (“VARIKOCELĖS KLINIKINIAI POŽYMIAI, DIAGNOSTIKA, GYDYMO GALIMYBĖS”, 2026); (2) There is a need for a more accurate diagnostic method for secondary varicose veins (“Comparison of the diagnostic utility of computed tomography venography with…”, 2026); (3) The lack of surface landmarks makes it difficult to identify the ventral–dorsal boundary laparoscopically (“ICG-Enhanced Visualization of Venous Congestion for Laparoscopic Anatomical…”, 2026); (4) There is a need to identify cross-pathological overarching insights that provide unified principles for compression device design (“Compression Therapy in Human Body Applications: A Systematic Review from…”, 2026); (5) Multicentre studies enrolling larger patient cohorts over extended observation periods are warranted to evaluate the long-term outcomes of EVLA and to develop standardised treatment protocols for venous trophic ulcers (“EFFICACY OF ENDOVENOUS LASER ABLATION IN THE TREATMENT OF VENOUS TROPHIC ULCERS”, 2026). 72 gap statements have been mined from Diagnosis and Treatment of Venous Diseases papers in our 4.5M-paper local library, which holds 467 papers on the topic; the gaps come from whichever of those papers state one. They are mostly the research gaps the authors state and the papers' abstracts, plus future-work, limitations and challenges passages. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one, so you can read the original claim in context.

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