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Open research questions in Gastrointestinal disorders and treatments

63 gap statements mined from Gastrointestinal disorders and treatments papers in our 4.5M-paper local library, which holds 492 papers on the topic — drawn mostly from each paper's own stated research gap, future-work, challenge and limitation notes, and its abstract. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one.

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What the literature leaves open

  • This report is limited by the absence of EUS and EUS-FNA, which restricted pre-operative diagnostic certainty and influenced the decision to proceed with resectional surgery.

    One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass with Remnant Stomach Resection for an Undiagnosed Gastric Lesion: A Case Report · 2026 · DOI

  • Gastroduodenal intussusception is an extremely rare event in adults, and there is a lack of reported cases. The etiologies of gastroduodenal intussusception are not well understood.

    A case report of gastroduodenal intussusception caused by gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor · 2026 · DOI

  • However, the surgical theory centered on developmental anatomy remains to be improved, currently, the mastery of surgical procedures and the determination of dissection boundaries rely more on surgeons' clinical experience than on theoretical guidance, resulting in a disconnect between clinical practice and applied theory that limits the homogeneous promotion of these surgeries.

    [Basic research and clinical applications progress of gastrointestinal developmental anatomy surgery]. · 2026 · DOI

  • The exact etiology of alimentary tract duplications is yet to be determined. There is a lack of awareness of cecal duplication cysts among pediatric surgeons and radiologists.

    Cecal Duplication Cyst Presenting with Complications in Early Childhood: A Case Report · 2026 · DOI

  • Delayed diagnosis may lead to serious complications. The classic triad of abdominal pain, vomiting, and bloody stools is not simultaneously present in all patients. The need for a reliable and accurate diagnostic method.

    Pediatric Intussusception: A Single-Center Experience · 2026 · DOI

  • The need for a study to evaluate the clinical, laboratory, radiological, and treatment characteristics of pediatric intussusception cases. The need to identify factors associated with surgical intervention.

    Pediatric Intussusception: A Single-Center Experience · 2026 · DOI

  • Intestinal intussusception is a rare cause of gastrointestinal obstruction in adults, and there is a need for expanded diagnosis. There is a lack of understanding of the association between Cowden syndrome and intestinal intussusception.

    Unusual presentation of small bowel obstruction in Cowden syndrome: A case report and literature review · 2026 · DOI

  • The studies had limited sample sizes and follow-up periods. The studies did not investigate the long-term outcomes of the different treatment strategies.

    Výběry z mezinárodních časopisů 2/2026 · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a need for more effective and sustainable treatment strategies for Barrett's esophagus, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, and inflammatory bowel disease. The current treatment approaches have limitations and uncertainties.

    Výběry z mezinárodních časopisů 2/2026 · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a lack of awareness about the possibility of sigmoidorectal intussusception in patients presenting with anorectal masses. There is a need for timely diagnosis and treatment to improve patient outcomes.

    Case Report: Sigmoidorectal intussusception mimicking rectal prolapse—a diagnostic pitfall with surgical implications · 2026 · DOI

  • Cases where duodenal perforation manifests primarily as chronic abdominal pain with complications such as paralytic ileus have not been reported. There has been a relative dearth of studies on retroperitoneal abscesses caused by duodenal perforation in the past decade.

    Surgical management of duodenal perforation complicated with retroperitoneal abscesses and paralytic ileus: a case report · 2026 · DOI

  • Diagnosing gossypiboma can be challenging due to its variable presentation. Treating gossypiboma can be challenging due to the risk of life-threatening complications. Preventing gossypiboma can be challenging due to the need for effective methods for counting and tracking surgical sponges.

    Incidental Diagnosis of a Gossypiboma With Complete Transmural Migration Into the Jejunum After a Hysterectomy: A Case Report · 2026 · DOI

  • The simultaneous occurrence of ileal atresia, segmental volvulus, and enteric duplication cyst in a single neonate is exceedingly rare and not well understood. There is a need for more research on the vascular pathogenesis of intestinal atresia.

    Enteric duplication cyst as a lead point for intrauterine segmental volvulus resulting in type IIIa ileal atresia: a neonatal case report and focused literature review · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a lack of documentation on unexpected postoperative complications associated with the Swenson procedure. Intussusception is a rare but possible complication of the Swenson procedure.

    Acute ileo-ileal intussusception following a Swenson procedure in a resource-limited setting: a case report · 2026 · DOI

  • Adult intussusception is an uncommon entity with limited reported cases. There is a need for more research on the diagnosis and management of adult intussusception.

    Jejunojejunal intussusception caused by a jejunal lipoma in a 92-year old patient: CT diagnosis · 2026 · DOI

  • This case illustrates that a cecal duplication cyst, although rare, is a clinically important pathological lead point for intussusception in infants – an entity that remains underrecognized because of its nonspecific presentation and its overlap with more common, idiopathic causes of pediatric intussusception.

    Cecal cyst as a lead point for intussusception in children: a case report · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a need for effective treatments for refractory type III achalasia. Current treatments for achalasia have reported adverse reactions and a prevailing absence of potency.

    Laparoscopic Heller myotomy after multiple endoscopic injections and dilations: a case report · 2024 · DOI

  • The sensitivity and specificity of PoCUS for intussusception are unknown. Intussusception is rare in adults, making it difficult to diagnose.

    Point-of-care ultrasound for the diagnosis of an atypical small bowel obstruction in a cannabis user: a case report · 2024 · DOI

  • The sensitivity and specificity of PoCUS for intussusception are unknown. The case report is limited to a single patient and may not be generalizable to other cases. The report relies on a single case study and may not be representative of all cases of intussusception.

    Point-of-care ultrasound for the diagnosis of an atypical small bowel obstruction in a cannabis user: a case report · 2024 · DOI

  • Further studies can investigate the use of endoscopic forceps biopsy in different patient populations. The study's findings can be used to inform the development of new biopsy techniques.

    Small bowel biopsy for malabsorption: comparison of the diagnostic adequacy of endoscopic forceps and capsule biopsy specimens. · 1985 · DOI

  • The pathophysiology of adult intussusception remains incompletely understood; however, disruption of coordinated peristalsis due to a focal lesion or altered bowel wall compliance is thought to play a role. Surgical management of adult intussusception remains controversial.

    Multiple Transient Idiopathic Small Bowel Intussusceptions in an Adult: A Rare Intraoperative Finding · 2026 · DOI

  • More enterocele repair cases need to be reported to foster educational material and literature review.

    Colossal enterocele repair by modified technique- A case report · 2026 · DOI

  • While computed tomography (CT) may assist in identifying the diverticulum within the hernia sac, its routine application in emergent scenarios is often limited by the urgency of surgical intervention (6).

    Incarcerated Littre’s Inguinal Hernia Containing a Giant Meckel’s Diverticulum Managed with Lichtenstein Mesh Hernioplasty · 2026 · DOI

  • This case highlights the clinical value of POCUS in the early evaluation of pediatric patients presenting with acute abdominal symptoms, particularly when physical examination findings are inconclusive.

    When Minutes Matter: Point-of-Care Ultrasound Unmasking a Clinically Occult Hernia in a Toddler · 2026 · DOI

  • Pathological lesions can be resected during MBS for histopathological evaluation, even if endoscopic biopsies were inconclusive.

    One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass with Remnant Stomach Resection for an Undiagnosed Gastric Lesion: A Case Report · 2026 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Gastrointestinal disorders and treatments

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Open questions raised by papers listed on this page include: (1) Gastroduodenal intussusception is an extremely rare event in adults, and there is a lack of reported cases (“A case report of gastroduodenal intussusception caused by gastric…”, 2026); (2) There is a lack of awareness of cecal duplication cysts among pediatric surgeons and radiologists (“Cecal Duplication Cyst Presenting with Complications in Early Childhood: A Case…”, 2026); (3) Intestinal intussusception is a rare cause of gastrointestinal obstruction in adults, and there is a need for expanded diagnosis (“Unusual presentation of small bowel obstruction in Cowden syndrome: A case…”, 2026); (4) There is a need for more effective and sustainable treatment strategies for Barrett's esophagus, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, and inflammatory bowel disease (“Výběry z mezinárodních časopisů 2/2026”, 2026); (5) There is a lack of awareness about the possibility of sigmoidorectal intussusception in patients presenting with anorectal masses (“Case Report: Sigmoidorectal intussusception mimicking rectal prolapse—a…”, 2026). 63 gap statements have been mined from Gastrointestinal disorders and treatments papers in our 4.5M-paper local library, which holds 492 papers on the topic; the gaps come from whichever of those papers state one. They are mostly the research gaps the authors state and the papers' abstracts, plus future-work, limitations and challenges passages. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one, so you can read the original claim in context.

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