Open research questions in Global Maternal and Child Health

What the literature leaves open

• Despite challenging conditions, this study reveals that improving FP knowledge alone is insufficient to foster positive contraceptive attitudes among urban married women in Yangon.

  Factors Associated with Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Family Planning Among Married Women Aged 18–39 Years in Urban Yangon, Myanmar: A Socio Ecological Model Based Cross-Sectional Study · 2026 · DOI

• Healthcare authorities and community health professionals should develop targeted educational and training programs for elderly women to enhance their understanding of maternal health concerns and the importance of early medical intervention during pregnancy. Integrating respected older women into maternal health promotion activities may help to bridge the gap between traditional beliefs and evidence-based healthcare practices, lowering wait times for proper medical care.

  “They delay them, and some died unattended.” Voices of midwives on barriers that delay pregnant women in seeking early medical intervention in Limpopo province of South Africa. · 2026 · DOI

• (cid:129) The findings may not be generalizable to all rural communities in South Africa because the study was conducted in selected areas of Limpopo Province.

  “They delay them, and some died unattended.” Voices of midwives on barriers that delay pregnant women in seeking early medical intervention in Limpopo province of South Africa. · 2026 · DOI

• comprised a neonatal unit leadership representative responsible for an administrative and implementation representative responsible for governance and operational coordination, and a health representative information responsible for documentation and implementation support. All participants were directly involved in implementation oversight and organizational decision-making related to the neonatal risk stratification tool.

  Governance pathways for scaling neonatal risk stratification tools in LMIC health systems: a multi-site qualitative study in Kenya · 2026 · DOI

• Second, the analyses were based on exploratory bivariate ecologi- cal correlations and therefore did not account for potential confounding, interrelationships among explanatory vari- ables, or independently adjusted effects. Significant clustering of both high and low coverage in Assam indicates geographi- cally concentrated inequities, whereas Tamil Nadu shows relatively high coverage with limited evidence of statistically significant statewide clustering, although a small number of localized spatial disparities persisted.

  Spatial Inequalities in Utilisation of Four or More Antenatal Care Visits: A District-level Comparative Analysis of Assam and Tamil Nadu · 2026 · DOI

• There is currently no standardised approach to assess the quality of intrapartum and early postnatal care provided in health facilities, women’s experiences of that care, and whether the services provided are aligned with the latest WHO recommendations.

  The Global Maternal and Newborn Health Platform: study protocol for an observational, multi-country study on the quality of intrapartum and early postnatal care at health facilities · 2026 · DOI

• Most evaluations of AI predictive and decision-support tools are based on short-term pilot studies with limited evidence on sustainability, cost-effective- ness, equity effects and long-term clinical outcomes (13, 14, 20). It bears emphasis that the framework proposed here is a conceptual contribution grounded in literature synthesis, not an empirically validated model; specific caution is warranted against extrapolating from conceptual recom- mendations to implementation decisions ahead of prospective test- ing and stakeholder engagement.

  Equity-centred, nurse-led implementation of artificial intelligence in community maternal and child health nursing: a conceptual framework for low-resource settings · 2026 · DOI

• Health professionals should conduct regular community outreaches, particularly in rural areas where uptake of postnatal care remains low. The government should strengthen policies to ensure adequate health facilities and human resources are available in underserved regions. Health workers should be sensitized to understand the expectations of postpartum mothers and ensure consistent, respectful, and need-based service provision. 74 ISSN 2008 – 7038 Nigerian Journal of Social Health (NJSH) Vol 4 (1) 62 - 76 REFERENCES Adane, B., Fisseha, G., Walle, G., & Yalew, M. (2020). Factors associated with postnatal care utilization among postpartum women in Ethiopia: A multi-level analysis of the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey. Archives of Public Health, 78, 415. Aimagambetova, G., Bapayeva, G., Sakhipova, G., & Terzic, M. (2024). Management of postpartum hemorrhage in low- and middle-income countries: Emergency need for updated approach due to specific circumstances, resources, and availabilities. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(23), 7387. Banke-Thomas, A., Ayomoh, F., Abejirinde, I., Banke-Thomas, O., Eboreime, E., & Ameh, C. (2021). Cost of utilising maternal health services in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review. International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 10(9), 564–577. Bossman, E., Johansen, M., & Zanaboni, P. (2022). mHealth interventions to reduce maternal and child mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Asia: A systematic literature review. Frontiers in Global Women’s Health, 3, 942146. Fetene, S., & Gebremedhin, T. (2022). Uptake of postnatal care and its determinants in Ethiopia: A positive deviance approach. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 22, 539. Heller, D., Cramer, S., & Turner, B. (2023). Abnormal uterine involution may lead to atony and the evidence. Pediatric and postpartum hemorrhage: A hypothesis, with review of Developmental Pathology, 26(5), 429–436. Mwebesa, E., Kagaayi, J., Ssebagereka, A., Nakafeero, M., Ssenkusu, J., Guwatudde, D., & Tumwesigye, N. (2022). Effect of four or more antenatal care visits on facility delivery and early postnatal care services utilization in Uganda: A propensity score matched analysis. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 22, 27. Nabawanuka, B., Asiimwe, M., Irumba, P., Aryampa, J., Wasswa, G., Muhoozi, M., Amumpaire, P., Acen, J., Katusabe, S., Tusabe, J., & Epuitai, J. (2024). Prevalence and factors associated with puerperal sepsis among postnatal women at a tertiary referral hospital in western Uganda. PLOS ONE, 20, e0311708. Olajubu, A., Olowokere, A., Ogundipe, M., & Olajubu, T. (2019). Predictors of postnatal care services utilization among women in Nigeria: A facility-based study. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 51(6), 639–647. Oladipo, I., & Akinwaare, M. (2023). Trends and patterns of maternal deaths from 2015 to 2019, associated factors and pregnancy outcomes in rural Lagos, Nigeria: A cross-sectional study.

  UTILIZATION OF POSTNATAL CARE SERVICES AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG WOMEN IN SHAO, MORO LGA, KWARA STATE · 2026 · DOI

• • Improve access to skilled care: Expand and equip health facilities, especially in rural areas, and strengthen referral systems. • Reduce financial barriers: Implement free maternal services, insurance schemes, and transport support to encourage facility delivery. • Enhance community awareness: Promote health education using culturally sensitive • approaches involving community leaders and TBAs. Improve quality of care: Ensure respectful, patient-centered maternity services to build trust and reduce fear of hospital delivery. REFERENCES Abraham, J. M., & Melendez-Torres, G. J. (2023). A realist review of interventions targeting maternal health in low- and middle-income countries. Women's Health. https://doi.org/10.1177/17455057231205687 Adewuyi, E. O., Auta, A., Omonaiye, O., & Adewuyi, M. I. (2025). Home birth and associated factors in Nigeria: A comparative study of rural and urban settings. PLOS ONE. Ahmed, K. T., Karimuzzaman, M., & Mahmud, S. (2023). Influencing factors associated with maternal delivery at home in urban areas: A cross-sectional analysis of Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey. Journal of Health Research. Ameyaw, E. K., Amoah, P. A., & Ezezika, O. (2024). Effectiveness of mHealth apps for maternal health care delivery: Systematic review of systematic reviews. Journal of Medical Internet Research. Arunda, M. O. (2021). Improving neonatal survival in East Africa: Analysis of maternal service utilization, effectiveness of in Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania. University Research for neonatal mortality care and risk Repository. https://portal.research.lu.se/ factors Baten, A., Biswas, R. K., Kendal, E., & Bhowmik, J. (2025).

  ASSESSMENT OF MATERNAL AND NEONATAL HEALTH OUTCOMES ASSOCIATED WITH HOME DELIVERY AND THE FACTORS INFLUENCING WOMEN’S DECISION TO OPT FOR HOME DELIVERY IN AKKO LGA · 2026 · DOI

• The findings support scaling up the KMC down-referral model to additional district hospitals to further relieve pressure on TPTH’s 55 SAJCH JUNE 2026 Vol. 20 No.

  Improving neonatal outcomes through down- referral and integrated health services in Gauteng, South Africa · 2026 · DOI

• Addressing these systemic constraints will require systems, strengthening provincial delivery improving coordination across levels of government, investing in routine and integrated data systems, and advancing caregiver and psychosocial support services that remain insufficiently developed.

  Mapping child health and development policies and implementation challenges in South Africa: A scoping review · 2026 · DOI

• Provinces vary widely in administrative strength, budget management, workforce availability and managerial oversight. 3 Psychosocial and caregiver mental health services face even more limited progress, not only due to the absence of comprehensive policy frameworks, but also because effective requires sustained coordination across the health, education and social development sectors – an area where cross-sectoral collaboration remains insufficient.

  Mapping child health and development policies and implementation challenges in South Africa: A scoping review · 2026 · DOI

• This scoping review has several limitations. Firstly, the analysis draws on publicly accessible policy documents and grey literature, which may introduce bias, as these sources often present programmes favourably and may lack methodological detail. Secondly, routine data systems remain weak in key domains, including caregiver mental health, psychosocial well-being and service quality, restricting the ability to assess these areas comprehensively. Finally, because the review synthesised a diverse body of literature rather than evaluating programme effectiveness directly, the findings describe patterns of policy design and implementation rather than causal impacts.

  Mapping child health and development policies and implementation challenges in South Africa: A scoping review · 2026 · DOI

• Several limitations temper the conclusions. The cross-sectional design does not establish temporal or causal ordering. The sample was limited to one urban district and relied on selfreported measures, which may constrain generalizability and introduce common-method concerns. In addition, the archived analysis output did not include indicator-level loadings, HTMT, VIF, predictive validation, or effect-size statistics. These metrics should be reported in a preregistered or longitudinal replication using supervisor- or client-rated performance outcomes, multilevel modeling across practices, and documented bootstrapping settings. Such work would strengthen the inference that inclusive institutional conditions improve womencentered contraceptive access over time.

  Inclusive Leadership, Meaningful Work, and Midwives’ Contraceptive Access Service Performance: The Mediating Role of Psychological Capital · 2026 · DOI

• comprehension educational content was directly connected with the domains of the questionnaire, encompassing physical readiness, psychological readiness, health behavior, pregnancy planning, and economic preparation. This alignment may have enhanced participants' awareness and comprehension of the behaviors and preparations necessary prior to conception. Nonetheless, employing the identical questionnaire for both pretest and posttest may have resulted in a testing effect due to participants' prior exposure to the questionnaire items. The results align with studies indicating that organized preconception education enhances the knowledge and attitudes of potential brides for safe pregnancy preparation. Amizuar et al. (2024) documented enhancements in the knowledge and brides of health subsequent to premarital education(Amizuar et al., 2024). Qurniasih et al. (2024) similarly discovered that reproductive health education enhanced of prospective preconception health. This study expands upon previous findings by assessing a web-based training program and examining multidimensional aspects pregnancy preparedness, rather than concentrating solely on knowledge or attitudes(Qurniasih Nila et al., 2024). Various attributes of the intervention may credibly elucidate the noted enhancement. Self-paced access permitted participants to study at their convenience, while repeated access over the 14- day period facilitated the review of knowledge that was not initial exposure. Educational movies facilitated learning by delivering knowledge via visual and aural modalities, while interactive quizzes prompted participants to retrieve and utilize the material. A systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that video-based methods in health education enhance knowledge acquisition and attitudes, however the extent of the impact differs according on the educational context and intervention design (Morgado et al., 2024). The application's accessibility and adaptability were pertinent to the requirements of potential brides. Walker et al. (2022) discovered that women in the preconception phase anticipated digital health resources to be evidence-based, credible, fully comprehended reproductive following and of 5 and videos, quizzes, assessed interactive independently. features may have pertinent, easily accessible, and congruent with their everyday routines(Walker et al., 2022).

  PREGNANCY READINESS FOLLOWING WEB-BASED PRECONCEPTION EDUCATION AMONG PROSPECTIVE BRIDES · 2026 · DOI

• be However, acknowledged, access including disparities, variations in digital literacy, and limited generalizability due to the regional scope of the study. Future research should explore scalability, long-term behavioral effects, and deeper integration with clinical systems. Overall, the Nindya Suamiable Web represents a promising model of digital midwifery innovation that can enhance maternal health autonomy and quality of care, particularly in geographically and infrastructurally challenged regions such as East Kalimantan.

  Digital Innovation in Midwifery Care: Development of the Nindya Suamiable Web to Improve Health Autonomy in Pregnant and Postpartum Women · 2026 · DOI

• making firm reproductive decisions, despite imposed by their environment. “I decided early, right after the four kids, to not have more children,” shared Rania, 45, from Sabha. Some participants noted what they perceived as a generational shift toward smaller families and reflected on how broader social and economic changes in Libya were influencing reproductive decision-making. “These years, you feel the circumstances have become difficult…there’s an increase in prices for everything… you start thinking about the cost,” shared one Benghazi-based FGD participant. Another added, “After the revolution…people stopped at three kids because they say, ‘I’m displaced, I live in a rented apartment…the children have a lot of needs.’” For some, contraception became a pragmatic response to the instability of daily life. A key informant noted, “A lot of men who opposed family planning now say we need it…the economic status and health status of women convinces him of the need for family planning.” As Fatma, 27, from Benghazi, concluded, “I hope people can understand that a woman has more time to have children, and that she can still be able to get pregnant at 45.”

  “Contraceptives are like committing a crime”: a qualitative study on contraceptive access and utilization in Libya · 2026 · DOI

• This study provides an important contribution by examining community-level perceptions of paternal involvement benefits in a Nigerian urban setting that is underrepresented in the global literature. The use of stratified random sampling across all 22 electoral wards enhances the representativeness of the findings. However, several limitations should be acknowledged. AJHSE 7(1) Emeagha et al., 2026| 238 AJHSE 7(1) Emeagha et al., 2026| 250 As a cross-sectional, perception-based study, the design does not permit causal inferences; the associations reported reflect perceived rather than objectively measured outcomes. The inclusion of respondents aged under 18 years (25.0% of the sample) in the age distribution table may warrant further clarification regarding eligibility, as the inclusion criterion specified adults aged 18 years and above; this anomaly should be addressed in future analyses. Additionally, social desirability bias may have influenced responses, particularly among male participants. The questionnaire was not validated in the specific Calabar Metropolis community, and Cronbach's alpha was calculated from pilot data rather than the main study sample.

  PERCEIVED MORAL, EMOTIONAL, PHYSICAL AND MENTAL HEALTH BENEFITS OF PATERNAL INVOLVEMENT DURING MATERNITY CARE IN CALABAR METROPOLIS, CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA. · 2026 · DOI

• Background Large-for-gestational-age (LGA) and macrosomic newborns are at increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes, including death, yet the burden of neonatal mortality associated with these conditions in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where ongoing nutritional and epidemiological transitions suggest their prevalence will rise, remains poorly quantified.

  Neonatal mortality risk of large-for-gestational age and macrosomic live births in low- and middle-income subnational birth cohorts: An individual participant meta-analysis (2000-2017) · 2026 · DOI

• ARTICLE SUMMARYO_ST_ABSStrengths and limitations of this studyC_ST_ABSO_LIWe developed a Bayesian spatiotemporal hierarchical modelling framework that incorporates measurement uncertainty and differences in data quality across sources, and enables information sharing across states/UTs to improve estimates in states/UTs that lack data.

  Levels and trends in fertility rates among adolescents aged 15-19 in 21 States and Union Territories in India from 1990 to 2050: A Bayesian Modelling Study · 2026 · DOI

• This study recommends that nurse midwives be exposed to the newly developed post–caesarean section (post-CS) home care guide. Early exposure is expected to facilitate adoption and integration of the post-CS care package, into particularly during the pre-discharge period, to ensure the provision of standardized and consistent discharge education to post-CS mothers.

  The effectiveness of the post-caesarean section home care guide in increasing the knowledge of nurse midwives in central Tanzania · 2026 · DOI

• This study represents an initial and exploratory effort to examine the immediate effect of an educational intervention on improving nurse midwives’ knowledge regarding post-CS home care following hospital discharge. A key strength of the study is the use of a pre-tested, structured assessment tool developed directly from a validated and evidence-based home care guide. The tool was reviewed by experts in quantitative research and maternal health, enhancing its content validity and ensuring that it appropriately captured the intended knowledge domains. However, several limitations should be acknowledged. The study utilized convenience sampling across only two facilities. Frontiers in Global Women’s Health 05 frontiersin.org Mdoe et al. 10.3389/fgwh.2026.1697841 R2 0.257 TABLE 4 Linear model between demographic characteristics and knowledge of nurse midwives on home care after CS.

  The effectiveness of the post-caesarean section home care guide in increasing the knowledge of nurse midwives in central Tanzania · 2026 · DOI

• strengthening for RESULTS I. Descriptive Statistics Table1: Age Distribution of Respondents(n=642) AGE GROUP FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE (YEARS) 15-20 21-30 31-35 36-40 41-49 64 257 128 96 97 (%) 10.0 40.0 20.0 15.0 15.0 Interpretation: The distribution of participants based on their age shows that the majority (40.0%) belonged to the 21–30 years age group, indicating that this age group had the highest representation in the study population. This was followed by participants aged 31–35years, comprising 20.0% of the total.

  Determinants of Knowledge and Utilization of Family Planning Methods Among Women of Reproductive Age in Balod District, Chhattisgarh: Findings from a Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study · 2026 · DOI

• Despite its strengths, the study had several limitations. Being cross-sectional identify associations but not causality between variables such as education and contraceptive use. The reliance on self- reported data introduces potential recall bias, especially concerning past contraceptive use. in nature, it could Additionally, participants may have provided socially desirable responses, particularly around sensitive topics such as reproductive decision-making or opposition to family planning. This could result in an overestimation of favorable behaviors and attitudes. The study was also limited geographically to one district, which restricts the generalization of the findings to the entire state or other regions with different cultural and socio-economic contexts. Finally, although efforts were made to include marginalized groups, certain hard-to-reach populations may still have been underrepresented. IJDDT, Volume 16 Issue 1, 2026 Page 666 Determinants of Knowledge and Utilization of Family Planning Methods Among Women of Reproductive Age in Balod District, Chhattisgarh: Findings from a Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study CONCLUSION The present study was undertaken to assess the level of knowledge and practices of family planning among women of child-bearing age in Balod District, Chhattisgarh. In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest that while there is a baseline level of awareness about family planning among women in Balod district, significant gaps persist in terms of comprehensive knowledge, accessibility, and correct utilization of services. Bridging these gaps requires a multidimensional strategy that includes educational initiatives, systems, improved healthcare delivery community participation, and policy support. Enhancing the capacity of health workers, removing socio-cultural barriers, and empowering women through education and autonomy are key steps toward achieving improved reproductive health outcomes in the region. The study underscores the urgent need for ongoing efforts and interventions to promote family planning as a crucial component of public health and women’s empowerment. 12. Jejeebhoy SJ, Zavier AJ. Women’s autonomy and reproductive behavior India. Popul Dev Rev. 2015;41(2):281–306. in 13. Pachauri S. Reproductive health and population policies. Health Transition Rev. 2016;6(1):96–113. 14. Singh R, Sharma N. Socioeconomic factors influencing contraceptive use. Int J Popul Res. 2018; 2018:1–10. 15. United Nations Population Fund. Barriers to family planning in India.UNFPA;2019. 16. Chaurasia A. The role of community health workers in family planning. J Reprod Health. 2020;45(3):124–32. 17. Bongaarts J, Cleland J. The role of contraception in reducing fertility. Popul Stud. 2021;75(1):1–17. 18. NITI Reproductivehealthanddevelopment.GovtofIndia;2022. Aayog. 19. Das S, Singh P. Determinants of contraceptive use in rural India. J Health Popul Nutr. 2021;39(2):45–60. Research Funding – Authors declares that this study was not funded by any funder. 20. Pachauri S. Family planning and women's empowerment. Popul Health Metr. 2017;35(4):321–34. Declaration on Conflicts of interest - Authors declared that there were conflicts of interest. 21. National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5). India Report.IIPS;2020. REFERENCES 1. World Health Organization. Family planning: A global handbook for providers. WHO; 2021. 2. United Nations Population Fund. State of world population report. UNFPA; 2020.

  Determinants of Knowledge and Utilization of Family Planning Methods Among Women of Reproductive Age in Balod District, Chhattisgarh: Findings from a Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study · 2026 · DOI

• While the HDI provides an important metric for country selection, its composite nature makes it difficult to discern the specific impact of each of its individual components on FP. This is particularly relevant in undertaking in- depth country studies, in which isolating the effects of FP policies, strategies and interventions on each HDI component becomes complex and challenging. Moreover, data availability presents a significant challenge. In particular, the measure of women’s rights and empowerment as supported at the state- level policy and also in societal terms, was lacking. With available data mostly prioritising national statistics, in- country and regional variations that are crucial to understanding the context of FP and contraceptive uptake are missed. This masks important disparities in access to and use of FP services and uptake among various regions, ethnicities or socioeconomic groups. The reliability of available data is further affected by reporting biases, missing points and the limitations specific to methods of data collection. Besides these, the greater challenge remains limited access to recent data, particularly in the case of disaggregated subnational 7 B M J G o b a l l H e a l t h: f i r s t p u b l i s h e d a s j 1 0. 1 1 3 6 / b m g h - 2 0 2 4 - 0 1 8 7 7 1 o n 8 J u n e 2 0 2 6. l D o w n o a d e d f r o m h t t p s: / / g h. b m j. c o m o n 1 3 J u n e 2 0 2 6 b y g u e s t. P r o t e c t e d b y c o p y r i g h t, i l n c u d n g i f o r u s e s l r e a t e d t o t e x t a n d d a t a m n n g, i i A I i t r a n n g, i a n d i s m i l a r t e c h n o o g e s. l i Memon ZA, et al. BMJ Glob Health 2026;11:e018771.

  Family planning exemplar country selection methodology: time lag and trends analysis · 2026 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Global Maternal and Child Health

• The Effects of Unintended Pregnancy on Infant, Child, and Parental Health: A Review of the Literature · Studies in Family Planning · 2008 · 707 citations
• Community-Based Interventions for Improving Perinatal and Neonatal Health Outcomes in Developing Countries: A Review of the Evidence · PEDIATRICS · 2005 · 459 citations
• Global fertility in 204 countries and territories, 1950–2021, with forecasts to 2100: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 · The Lancet · 2024 · 448 citations
• Obstetric transition: the pathway towards ending preventable maternal deaths · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · 2014 · 217 citations
• Trends in maternal mortality in India over two decades in nationally representative surveys · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · 2021 · 188 citations
• Does Antenatal Care Make a Difference to Safe Delivery? A Study in Urban Uttar Pradesh, India · Health Policy and Planning · 1999 · 180 citations
• Newborn survival: a multi-country analysis of a decade of change · Health Policy and Planning · 2012 · 160 citations
• WHO maternal death and near-miss classifications · Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2009 · 159 citations
• Success factors for reducing maternal and child mortality · Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2014 · 158 citations
• Trends in fertility and fertility preferences in sub-Saharan Africa: the roles of education and family planning programs · Genus · 2020 · 145 citations

Most recent work

• Systematic estimates of global causes of neonatal and under 5 mortality in 2000-24: secondary data analysis using bayesian multinomial logistic regression · BMJ · 2026
• Estimates of global causes of death for children and adolescents aged 5-19 in 2000-24: secondary data analysis using bayesian multinomial logistic regression · BMJ · 2026
• Global, regional, and national levels and trends in under 5, infant, and neonatal mortality during 1990-2024 with scenario based projections to 2030: modelling study · BMJ · 2026
• Global, regional, and national levels and trends in older child, adolescent, and youth (5-24 years) all cause mortality from 1990 to 2024: modelling study · BMJ · 2026
• Family planning exemplar country selection methodology: time lag and trends analysis · BMJ Global Health · 2026
• Predictive Analytics for Maternal Mortality in Bangladesh: An Interpretable ML Framework with Ensemble Methods · ICCK Transactions on Machine Intelligence · 2026
• An Analysis of Birth Intervals and Influencing Factors Among Women of Reproductive Age: Evidence from Ghana · Statistics Politics and Policy · 2026
• From counting to caring: leveraging integrated data systems to improve child health care and maternal health care in Haryana, India · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · 2026
• Assessing family planning progress in exemplar countries: development of a conceptual framework and case study methodology · BMJ Global Health · 2026
• “I Need to Space to Help Me Take Care of Myself and My Child”: How Married Adolescent Girls in Northern Nigeria Learn and Practice Birth Spacing through Safe Space Clubs · Studies in Family Planning · 2026

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