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Open research questions in Intraperitoneal and Appendiceal Malignancies

45 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 148 Intraperitoneal and Appendiceal Malignancies papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • Further studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of MRI defecography in diagnosing pseudomyxoma peritonei. Research should focus on the role of MRI defecography in the global assessment of pelvic disorders.

    Incidental diagnosis of pseudomyxoma peritonei associated with peritoneocele at MRI defecography: a case report · 2026 · DOI

  • Conventional fluoroscopic defecography may miss coexisting diseases, such as oncological or inflammatory ones. There is a need for a diagnostic tool that can provide a full pelvic study and detect coexisting diseases.

    Incidental diagnosis of pseudomyxoma peritonei associated with peritoneocele at MRI defecography: a case report · 2026 · DOI

  • DPM is frequently misdiagnosed due to non-specific early symptoms. The prognosis for DPM remains poor despite multimodal therapy. There is a need for novel therapeutic strategies for DPM.

    Diffuse peritoneal mesothelioma presenting with the appearance of mesenteric panniculitis: A case report · 2026 · DOI

  • Malignant pleural diseases are a significant clinical challenge, with limited treatment options. The development of effective treatment strategies for malignant pleural diseases is a major challenge. The optimization of HITHOC treatment protocols is a technical challenge.

    EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF HYPERTHERMIC INTRATHORACIC CHEMOTHERAPY IN MALIGNANT PLEURAL DISEASES · 2026 · DOI

  • The challenges identified in the paper include the diagnosis and treatment of sigmoid volvulus in patients with recent oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy. The paper highlights the need for further research on the effects of high-altitude exposure on the gastrointestinal tract. The challenges of emergency laparotomy and endoscopic decompression are discussed.

    Case Report: Rapid altitude transition as an environmental trigger for acute sigmoid volvulus following oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy · 2026 · DOI

  • This review has several limitations inherent to the design of available literature. The preponderance of retrospective and nonrandomized studies introduces selection bias and confounding. Substantial clinical heterogeneity across studies precluded a formal meta-analysis, necessitating a narrative synthesis. Publication bias likely favors reports from experienced centers with more positive outcomes, potentially overestimating the generalizability of the results. Variability in complication reporting (e.g., grading systems and timeframes) complicates precise comparisons of morbidity across studies. Additionally, the inclusion of secondary studies such as pooled analyses and consensus documents in the initial screening, though subsequently addressed through revision, highlights the importance of rigorous application of inclusion criteria in systematic reviews.

    Evaluation of the Impact of Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) on Long-Term Survival and Morbidity Profile: A Systematic Review of the Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Management · 2026 · DOI

  • The relationship between osteosarcopenia and PCI is not well understood. The impact of osteosarcopenia on major postoperative complications is not well established.

    Impact of Osteosarcopenia on Peritoneal Cancer Index and Major Complications in Patients with Peritoneal Carcinomatosis · 2026 · DOI

  • Diagnostic delays due to non-specific and insidious clinical presentation. Limited access to advanced imaging and histopathology in resource-limited settings. Inability to perform comprehensive Cytoreductive Surgery (CRS) combined with Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) in resource-limited settings.

    Pseudomyxoma Peritonei Masquerading as Decompensated Cirrhosis: A Diagnostic Challenge with Surgical Management in a Resource-Limited Setting in Tanzania · 2026 · DOI

  • The facility lacks pathology services, and the patient could not afford a referral. HIPEC is not available in the resource-limited setting. Complete cytoreduction was not feasible. Formal histopathology was not available, and no grading (e.g., DPAM vs PMCA) was possible.

    Pseudomyxoma Peritonei Masquerading as Decompensated Cirrhosis: A Diagnostic Challenge with Surgical Management in a Resource-Limited Setting in Tanzania · 2026 · DOI

  • The nonspecific clinical manifestations of appendiceal neoplasms make preoperative diagnosis challenging. The rarity of appendiceal neoplasms and the lack of awareness among clinicians may contribute to delayed or incidental diagnosis.

    A Rare Appendiceal Neoplasm Presenting as Chronic Appendicitis in an Elderly Female: A Case Report · 2026 · DOI

  • The case report is limited to a single patient. The study does not provide a comprehensive analysis of the effectiveness of different treatment options for DPM.

    Diffuse peritoneal mesothelioma presenting with the appearance of mesenteric panniculitis: A case report · 2026 · DOI

  • The rarity of mucinous carcinoma of the appendix and ovary makes it challenging to organize clinical trials with new targeted therapies. There is a need for research into new methods of treating pseudomyxoma peritonei in high-risk patients for whom cytoreduction with HIPEC is not feasible.

    An 80-year-old female with pseudomyxoma peritonei due to mucinous cancer of unknown origin — molecular characterization and diagnostic challenges · 2026 · DOI

  • Further studies are needed to fully understand the efficacy and safety of HITHOC in patients with malignant pleural diseases. Research should focus on optimizing the treatment protocol and identifying patient subgroups that may benefit most from HITHOC. The development of novel treatment strategies based on HITHOC may be an area of future research.

    EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF HYPERTHERMIC INTRATHORACIC CHEMOTHERAPY IN MALIGNANT PLEURAL DISEASES · 2026 · DOI

  • The clinical behavior of LEPM can be unpredictable. There is a need for close follow-up even when the disease appears localized.

    Localized Epithelioid Peritoneal Mesothelioma: A Rare Mimicker of Gynecological Malignancy · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a lack of awareness among gastrointestinal surgeons about the possibility of IDD-lymphomas in patients with autoimmune diseases using immunosuppressant drugs. There is a need for early consideration of minimally invasive treatments or postoperative chemotherapy.

    Small Bowel Perforation as an Initial Manifestation of Immune Deficiency and Dysregulation-Associated Lymphoma in a Patient With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Case Report · 2026 · DOI

  • The study had a retrospective design. The sample size was limited to 379 patients.

    Foregut malignancy after discordant fecal immunochemical test: A cohort study at a United States safety-net hospital · 2026 · DOI

  • The current study aims to address the gap in knowledge regarding the importance of foregut evaluation in patients with discordant colonoscopy findings after a positive FIT. Prior studies have not fully investigated the yield of EGD in this patient population.

    Foregut malignancy after discordant fecal immunochemical test: A cohort study at a United States safety-net hospital · 2026 · DOI

  • The paper identifies a gap in the understanding of the effects of high-altitude exposure on the gastrointestinal tract. The paper highlights the need for further research on the clinical and epidemiological evidence of high-altitude exposure affecting the gastrointestinal tract.

    Case Report: Rapid altitude transition as an environmental trigger for acute sigmoid volvulus following oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy · 2026 · DOI

  • Although the qualitative characteristics and clinical significance of adenomyosis lesions remain unclear, it seems that the investigation of the relative relationship between the serum CA125 level and the size of the affected lesion is useful to observe one of the qualitative features of adenomyosis.

    Relationship between the serum cancer antigen 125 level and the weight of surgically enucleated adenomyosis · 2022 · DOI

  • Their true frequency, histopathologic spectrum, and anatomic distribution remain incompletely characterized, partly due to variability in sampling practices.

    Incidental serrated lesions of the appendix: analysis of 2,137 appendectomy specimens · 2026 · DOI

  • Future studies should evaluate the use of serum tumor markers in preoperative and postoperative risk estimation and decision-making for patients with appendiceal adenocarcinoma or goblet cell adenocarcinoma. Further research is needed to assess the role of serum tumor markers in other types of cancer.

    Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma Cytoreduction Outcomes and Perioperative Serum Tumor Marker Levels · 2026 · DOI

  • The role of serum tumor markers in patients with metastatic appendiceal adenocarcinoma remains unclear. There is a need for studies to evaluate the association of preoperative and postoperative serum tumor marker levels with outcomes in patients with appendiceal adenocarcinoma or goblet cell adenocarcinoma.

    Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma Cytoreduction Outcomes and Perioperative Serum Tumor Marker Levels · 2026 · DOI

  • The study identifies a gap in the diagnosis of appendiceal tumors, which are often detected incidentally after appendectomy.

    Histopathological Evaluation of Appendectomies Performed with The Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis · 2026 · DOI

  • The clinical presentation of appendiceal mucinous lesions is often nonspecific, making preoperative diagnosis challenging.

    Low-Grade Appendiceal Mucinous Neoplasm Presenting as an Appendiceal Mucocele: A Case Report · 2026 · DOI

  • Further investigation into immune-mediated and thyroid-related pathways contributing to the causal pathway of appendiceal cancer is essential, especially given other published data suggesting a parallel rapidly increasing incidence of these diseases.

    Associations of autoimmune diseases with appendiceal cancer in a population-based study. · 2026 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Intraperitoneal and Appendiceal Malignancies

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45 open questions have been extracted from the limitations and future-work passages of 148 Intraperitoneal and Appendiceal Malignancies papers in our library. Each one below links back to the study that raised it, so you can read the original claim in context.

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