Open research questions in IoT and GPS-based Vehicle Safety Systems
117 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 266 IoT and GPS-based Vehicle Safety Systems papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.
What the literature leaves open
Traditional safety mechanisms have limitations, such as reliance on manual initiation. Existing mobile-based safety applications have limitations, such as requiring multiple steps for activation.
Conventional canteen payment systems often result in long queues, calculation errors, and inefficient service delivery. There is a need for automated, secure, and contactless payment solutions.
No comparison with existing canteen payment systems (cash-based, other digital methods, or competing RFID solutions) is provided to benchmark the proposed system's advantages.
Women face threats such as harassment, stalking, domestic violence, and unsafe public environments - The current state of the art has limitations and gaps that need to be addressed - The project needs to develop a digital solution that can provide real-time alerts and emergency support
The project identifies a need for innovation and optimization to address existing challenges effectively - The current state of the art has limitations and gaps that need to be addressed
Conventional communication methods lack the efficiency and transparency required in today's fast-moving environment. There is a need for a scalable, cost-effective solution for emergency response systems.
The lack of real-time tracking in traditional transportation systems. The need for accurate and continuous location updates. The requirement for reliable and efficient data transmission.
The lack of real-time bus location information in public transport. Traditional systems lack real-time tracking, causing inconvenience for passengers.
The current system of accident detection and rescue operations has limitations, including traffic congestion and delay in emergency assistance. The proposed system aims to fill this gap by providing a real-time accident detection system.
No comparative analysis exists of communication module performance (GSM, 3G, Wi-Fi, NRF24L01, Twilio APIs) under congestion, signal loss, or rural deployment; existing systems assume reliable wireless connectivity but do not quantify notification latency, delivery success rate, or fallback mechanisms when primary communication channels fail.
Traditional safety methods are often slow and may fail during emergency situations. There is a need for a reliable and efficient solution for women safety using modern technology.
The real-time baby movement monitoring and alerting system is fabricated but lacks field testing data from actual deployments with multiple infants across different age groups, sleep patterns, or clinical validation against false alarm rates in a home environment.
The ESP32 microcontroller with Wi-Fi/Bluetooth/BLE capabilities is selected for wide-range applications, but the paper does not evaluate power consumption profiles, battery life under continuous sensor polling and wireless transmission, or energy optimization strategies for a portable cradle system.
The lack of accurate and timely information regarding the cause and sequence of events leading to an accident. The limitations of traditional investigation methods, which often rely on eyewitness accounts and limited physical evidence.
The Smart Vehicle Black Box using IoT with Camera can be further enhanced by integrating advanced technologies to improve its performance and reliability. Future developments may include the incorporation of artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms for predictive accident detection, driver behavior analysis, and real-time decision-making. Additionally, advanced computer vision techniques can be implemented to detect driver fatigue, distraction, and road hazards more accurately. The system can also be improved by adopting 5G communication for faster and more reliable data transmission, along with enhanced cloud security mechanisms to protect sensitive data. Integration with vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication systems can enable better coordination and accident prevention in smart cities. Furthermore, expanding storage capabilities, improving energy efficiency, and developing a compact, low-cost design will make the system more practical for widespread adoption in future intelligent transportation systems. © 2026 The Author(s). Published by IJCOPE Journal.
Current traffic management systems have limitations. There is a need for a smart traffic management system that adjusts signal timing based on live traffic flow.
Smart Traffic Management System Using Vehicle Detection with ESP32 and Web-Based Control Interface · 2026 · DOIFurther research can be done to improve the system's performance in low-signal regions. The system can be integrated with other technologies to improve its functionality.
The current system of using speed guns requires human effort and constant monitoring. There is a need for a system that can automatically monitor speed variations and send alerts in case of an accident.
Current solutions are provided to individual safety issues as opposed to offering holistic protection. The use of predictive analytics is not popular in business. Emergency conversational assistants based on AI are not commonly adopted. Situational escape features that are discreet and allow one to flee are hardly ever offered.
A Comprehensive Web-Based Women Safety Application with Real-Time Tracking and AI-Powered Risk Assessment · 2026 · DOIThe paper introduced a solution called Sahay, which is a full-fledged women safety application combining live tracking, visualized heat map of crime zones, artificial intelligence (AI)based assistance, and the emergency response. The application has developed all the intended functionality using three agile sprints, and results of these sprints were 100 percent functionality success, and successful user acceptance testing. Some of its contributions are integrated safety platform, which brings together many safety features as a single available web application, use of Dijkstra algorithm with crime weighting to navigate safe routes, use of large language models via Gemini API to provide intelligent safety assistance, license plate verification system to mitigate risks in case of unregistered vehicles, and simulation of discreet fake phone calls to escape in a situation. The fact that the application can be aligned with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 5 and 11 indicates that technology can be used socially because it allows women to move freely and helps create safer cities. Table 5 shows suggested future improvements prioritized and implementation of improvements considered.
A Comprehensive Web-Based Women Safety Application with Real-Time Tracking and AI-Powered Risk Assessment · 2026 · DOIThe system does not require any additional hardware, but it is designed to work on standard Android devices. The application can be further improved in the future by adding more features.
The application can be further improved in the future by adding more features. The idea can be developed into a small wearable device like a watch, necklace, or bracelet using GPS and GSM modules.
The increasing popularity of electric vehicles requires effective battery management systems. The existing battery management systems have limitations in terms of real-time monitoring and analysis of battery parameters.
IOT Based Electrical Vehicle Battery Management System with Charge Monitor and Fire Protection · 2026 · DOIFuture research can focus on developing more efficient and smarter real-time vehicle tracking systems. It can explore the use of new technologies like machine learning and cloud computing. It can study the applications of real-time vehicle tracking systems in different domains.
There is a need for more efficient and smarter real-time vehicle tracking systems. Existing systems face problems when used for large vehicles. Features like prediction and smart routing are not fully developed.
Most-cited papers in IoT and GPS-based Vehicle Safety Systems
- From Sensors to Safety: Internet of Emergency Services (IoES) for Emergency Response and Disaster Management · Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks · 2023 · 248 citations
- Framework of Automated Construction-Safety Monitoring Using Cloud-Enabled BIM and BLE Mobile Tracking Sensors · Journal of Construction Engineering and Management · 2016 · 241 citations
- How the internet of things technology enhances emergency response operations · Technological Forecasting and Social Change · 2012 · 229 citations
- Alarm effectiveness in driver-centred collision-warning systems · Ergonomics · 1997 · 175 citations
- Real-Time Alarming, Monitoring, and Locating for Non-Hard-Hat Use in Construction · Journal of Construction Engineering and Management · 2019 · 114 citations
- iMouse: An Integrated Mobile Surveillance and Wireless Sensor System · Computer · 2007 · 111 citations
- Development of a situation awareness measure to evaluate advanced alarm systems in nuclear power plant control rooms · Ergonomics · 1995 · 109 citations
- Integrating GIS, GPS and GSM technologies for the effective management of ambulances · Computers Environment and Urban Systems · 2001 · 81 citations
- A seven-layered model architecture for Internet of Vehicles · Journal of Information and Telecommunication · 2017 · 77 citations
- Fall Prevention from Scaffolding Using Computer Vision and IoT-Based Monitoring · Journal of Construction Engineering and Management · 2022 · 73 citations
Most recent work
- Smart Tourist Safety Monitoring & Incident Response System · International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology · 2026
- AUTONOMOUS ACTIVE CONCEALMENT, ACTIVATION AND CHARGING SYSTEM FOR A GPS TRACKER · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2026
- Women Security with SMS Alert Based Code Word - Android App · International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology · 2026
- An IoT-Integrated RFID System for Smart Canteen Payment Management · International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering Hub (IRJAEH) · 2026
- Smart Shopping Card with Automated Invoice Mechanism · INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT · 2026
- Nirbhaya: A Smart Mobile Application for Women Safety · International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology & Science · 2026
- Women Safety Alert System · International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology · 2026
- Ambulance Tracking System (ATS) Using GPS Technology · International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology · 2026
- IOT-Based Real-Time Bus Tracking System Using GPS and ThingSpeak Platform · INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT · 2026
- Intelligent Carto and Instant Pay Automation Using (IOT) · INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT · 2026
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