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Open research questions in Laser Applications in Dentistry and Medicine

180 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 1,107 Laser Applications in Dentistry and Medicine papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • The study only evaluated bone regeneration at a 42-day time point, - The sample size was limited to 35 animals, - The study only used a specific type of bioactive glass (45S5) and HFB, - The photobiomodulation therapy was only applied with specific parameters (e.g. 660 nm and 808 nm wavelengths, 100 mW output power)

    Biological Interactions in Rat Tibial Osteogenesis: Micro-CT, Histomorphometric, and Histological Analyses of Bioglass, Fibrin Biopolymer, and Photobiomodulation · 2026 · DOI

  • Investigating the effects of bioactive glass and HFB on bone regeneration at longer time points, - Evaluating the efficacy of different types of bioactive glass and HFB, - Examining the optimal parameters for photobiomodulation therapy in bone regeneration, - Studying the mechanisms underlying the interactions between bioactive glass, HFB, and photobiomodulation therapy

    Biological Interactions in Rat Tibial Osteogenesis: Micro-CT, Histomorphometric, and Histological Analyses of Bioglass, Fibrin Biopolymer, and Photobiomodulation · 2026 · DOI

  • Further research with larger patient cohorts and longer follow-up periods is necessary, - Lack of clarity regarding blinding in some studies, - Limited information on the assessment of lesion reduction

    Laser Therapy Versus Conventional Treatments in Oral Leukoplakia: A Systematic Review of Efficacy, Recurrence, and Postoperative Outcomes · 2026 · DOI

  • Establish standardized treatment protocols, - Investigate the effectiveness of laser-based treatments with larger patient cohorts, - Examine the long-term outcomes of PDT-assisted treatments

    Laser Therapy Versus Conventional Treatments in Oral Leukoplakia: A Systematic Review of Efficacy, Recurrence, and Postoperative Outcomes · 2026 · DOI

  • Current treatments for CSC have limitations. There is a need for effective treatment approaches for simple and complex CSC cases. The role of disease phenotype in treatment response is not well understood.

    Efficacy of fluorescein angiography guided 532 nm continuous-wave green laser used as a non-damaging subthreshold laser in the treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy · 2026 · DOI

  • Nevertheless, the widespread use of PDT is limited by the availability and cost of verteporfin, as well as potential adverse effects including choriocapillaris hypo- perfusion, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) alterations, and secondary macular neovascularization.

    Efficacy of fluorescein angiography guided 532 nm continuous-wave green laser used as a non-damaging subthreshold laser in the treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy · 2026 · DOI

  • Further longitudinal research is required to fully understand the risks associated with prolonged use of heated tobacco and electronic cigarettes, - Study of the long-term effects of alternative tobacco products on the oral microcirculation

    Evaluation and Comparison of Capillary Morphology Among Combusted Tobacco, Heated Tobacco and E-Cigarette Users · 2025 · DOI

  • Conventional transcranial PBM is restricted by low skull penetration. The efficacy and mechanisms of gut microbiota-targeted PBM remain unclear. There is a need to explore novel, safe, and effective therapeutic strategies for AD.

    Gut Microbiota-Targeted Photobiomodulation Ameliorates Alzheimer’s Pathology via the Gut–Brain Axis: Comparable Efficacy to Transcranial Irradiation · 2025 · DOI

  • There is still limited data on blood surface interactions in laser-treated HA/PEEK composites.

    Impact of laser modification on the contact angle and surface wettability of hydroxyapatite-coated PEEK implant material · 2026 · DOI

  • PEEK surfaces are often coated with bioactive materials such as hydroxyapatite (HA), but it remains unclear how subsequent surface modification techniques such as laser treatment affect their wettability.

    Impact of laser modification on the contact angle and surface wettability of hydroxyapatite-coated PEEK implant material · 2026 · DOI

  • These preliminary findings support further investigation of CAP + PBM as a promising non-invasive adjuvant strategy for postoperative wound management, pending confirmation in larger, adequately powered randomized studies.

    Combined cold atmospheric plasma and photobiomodulation is associated with improved early macroscopic and ultrasonographic wound-healing parameters after unilateral mastectomy in female dogs: an exploratory randomized intra-individual controlled clinical study · 2026 · DOI

  • Although its clinical potential is great, the extensive application of PBMT is restricted due to variability in treatment protocols and lack of standardization.

    The effect of photobiomodulation therapy on neurosensory recovery of infra-alveolar nerve following iatrogenic trauma: A literature review · 2025 · DOI

  • BACKGROUND: Photobiomodulation (PBM) utilizing 1064 nm near-infrared light, renowned for its deep tissue penetration capabilities, has demonstrated significant therapeutic potential in addressing brain disorders; however, its specific effects and underlying mechanisms in traumatic brain injury (TBI) remain poorly understood.

    Transcranial photobiomodulation promotes traumatic brain injury recovery via modulating glial cell polarization and neuroinflammation: a study of 1064 nm light-emitting diodes · 2025 · DOI

  • To overcome this limitation, gut microbiota-targeted PBM (gm-PBM) has been proposed to modulate the gut–brain axis, though its efficacy and mechanisms remain unclear.

    Gut Microbiota-Targeted Photobiomodulation Ameliorates Alzheimer’s Pathology via the Gut–Brain Axis: Comparable Efficacy to Transcranial Irradiation · 2025 · DOI

  • Further investigation into its impact on diabetic retinopathy and muscle recovery is warranted.

    Diabetes in spotlight: current knowledge and perspectives of photobiomodulation utilization · 2024 · DOI

  • PBM's impact on diabetic retinopathy remains inconclusive however, requiring further investigation.

    Diabetes in spotlight: current knowledge and perspectives of photobiomodulation utilization · 2024 · DOI

  • The complexity of the electromagnetic environment. The variability of stem cell responses to different wavelengths and frequencies of light and electromagnetic fields. The need to optimize the electromagnetic environment for regenerative medicine.

    Biophotonic and Electromagnetic Modulation of Stem Cell Behavior: Emerging Evidence for Environmental Optimization in Regenerative Medicine · 2026 · DOI

  • The physical environment around cells during and after transplantation has received little attention. There is a need to understand how biophotonic signals and electromagnetic fields regulate stem cell behavior.

    Biophotonic and Electromagnetic Modulation of Stem Cell Behavior: Emerging Evidence for Environmental Optimization in Regenerative Medicine · 2026 · DOI

  • The effect of various exposure parameters on fibroblast activity is not fully understood. There is a need to identify optimal LLLT parameters for promoting wound healing.

    Optimisation of low-level light therapy (lllt) parameters and evaluation of its immunomodulatory effect on fibroblasts · 2026 · DOI

  • The experiments were performed independently in trip- licate; however, they were conducted within the same fibroblast cell line, meaning that the biological model was limited to a single cell source. Consequently, this may affect the generalizability of the obtained results and limit their interpretation in a broader biological context. Furthermore, the in vitro monoculture model does not reflect the complex intercellular interactions involved in the healing process. Therefore, future studies should include both independent biological models and more complex experimental systems, including co-culture models and in vivo studies, to deter- mine whether the selected LLLT parameters produce effects at the tissue and whole-organism levels.

    Optimisation of low-level light therapy (lllt) parameters and evaluation of its immunomodulatory effect on fibroblasts · 2026 · DOI

  • Gingival fibromatosis can cause significant cosmetic and functional problems. Conventional surgical techniques can have drawbacks, such as bleeding and postoperative pain. There is a need to find effective treatment options that minimize these drawbacks.

    A comparison between diode laser 976 nm and conventional technique in treatment of gingival fibromatosis · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a lack of research on the use of diode laser for treating gingival fibromatosis. There is a need to compare the effectiveness of diode laser and conventional surgical techniques for treating gingival fibromatosis.

    A comparison between diode laser 976 nm and conventional technique in treatment of gingival fibromatosis · 2026 · DOI

  • Dental caries is a complex disease. Secondary caries can develop if infected tissues and bacteria are not completely removed. Effective disinfecting methods are needed in dentistry.

    In vitro study of the antibacterial property of 940 nm diode laser against Streptococcus mutans bacteria isolated from dental caries · 2026 · DOI

  • The increasing exposure to blue light from electronic devices. The need for preventive strategies to protect skin health. The potential therapeutic applications of blue light in aesthetics.

    Luz azul e pele: entre os riscos do envelhecimento digital e os benefícios da fototerapia · 2026 · DOI

  • The study identifies a gap in the understanding of the dual role of HEV radiation on skin health.

    Luz azul e pele: entre os riscos do envelhecimento digital e os benefícios da fototerapia · 2026 · DOI

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180 open questions have been extracted from the limitations and future-work passages of 1,107 Laser Applications in Dentistry and Medicine papers in our 4.5M-paper local library. Each one below links back to the study that raised it, so you can read the original claim in context.

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