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Open research questions in Nail Diseases and Treatments

93 gap statements mined from Nail Diseases and Treatments papers in our 4.5M-paper local library, which holds 872 papers on the topic — drawn mostly from each paper's own stated research gap, future-work, challenge and limitation notes, and its abstract. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one.

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What the literature leaves open

  • The lack of understanding of the prevalence of fungal species in healthy cats and their owners. The need to assess potential cat–human transmission and identify feline lifestyle factors associated with Microsporum canis carriage.

    Mycological Survey of Fungal Carriage in Cats and Their Owners: Analysis of Species Diversity and Antifungal Susceptibility · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a lack of studies on the epidemiologic profile of SFIs in Ningbo, China. There is a need to identify the causative agents of SFIs in Ningbo, China.

    Epidemiology and fungal species distribution of onychomycosis and other superficial mycoses in the coastal city of Ningbo, China · 2026 · DOI

  • The study reported fungal species distribution for onychomycosis but did not conduct antifungal susceptibility testing or clinical treatment outcome follow-up. Future research must incorporate in vitro susceptibility testing against azoles and other antifungal agents alongside clinical efficacy monitoring to guide empirical therapy and track resistance patterns.

    Epidemiology and fungal species distribution of onychomycosis and other superficial mycoses in the coastal city of Ningbo, China · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a need for a natural alternative to chemical-based treatments for dandruff. There is a lack of studies on the antifungal activity of polyherbal extracts against Malassezia globosa.

    Polyherbal Extracts and its Potential Impact on Dandruff Causative Agent of Malassezia globosa · 2026 · DOI

  • The diagnosis of P. glomerata can be challenging due to its similarity to other fungi. There is a lack of literature on the use of MALDI-TOF MS and DNA sequencing for the diagnosis of P. glomerata.

    Phoma glomerata Kaynaklı Non-Dermatofitik Onikomikoz: Türkiye’den İlk Olgu · 2026 · DOI

  • The study aims to address the gap in understanding the variety, incidence, and clinical distribution of dermatological lesions in patients with hematologic malignancies. The study highlights the need for routine follow-up for hematologic patients to include a dermatological evaluation.

    Evaluation of Dermatological Lesions in Patients With Hematologic Malignancy · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a need for enhanced clinical vigilance and awareness of dermatophyte infections. There is a lack of effective treatment options for dermatophytosis, particularly against emerging drug-resistant strains.

    In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Octenidine Against Emerging Dermatophyte Species · 2026 · DOI

  • Although the factors triggering vasculopathy, the initial stage of SSc, are not clearly known, it is thought that cytomegalovirus (CMV), whose epitopes resemble endothelial cell surface molecules, anti-endothelial cell antibodies, or free oxygen radicals cause endothelial cell damage, leading to apoptosis in endothelial cells.

    Investigation of Nailfold Capillary Structures Using Digital Dermatoscopy in Rheumatological Diseases · 2026 · DOI

  • Tinea infection is a significant public health problem in Mosul City. Rural residents and children are disproportionately affected. There is a lack of data on the prevalence and demographic distribution of tinea infection in Mosul City.

    PREVALENCE OF TINEA AMONG PATIENTS ATTENDING DERMATOLOGY CONSULTATION UNITS IN MOSUL CITY · 2026 · DOI

  • The epidemiologic landscape in Indonesian regional hospitals has not been adequately explored. There is a lack of understanding of how dermatologic emergencies manifest in populations where diseases such as leprosy remain endemic.

    Profile of Dermatologic Emergencies At The Emergency Department of RSUD Jombang: A Three-Year Retrospective Study (2023 To 2025) · 2026 · DOI

  • The 14-day follow-up allowed assessment of the early clinical response but was insufficient to determine completion of the planned antifungal course, mycological cure, definitive hair regrowth, recurrence, scarring alopecia, or adverse events occurring after day 14.

    Severe Adult Kerion Celsi With Rapid Improvement During Systemic Antifungal and Adjunctive Secretome Therapy: A Case Report · 2026 · DOI

  • Lack of microbiological confirmation. Limited evaluation of environmental and behavioral factors. Potential for residual confounding. Difficulty in evaluating treatment-related effects due to the slowly progressive nature of tinea pedis and onychomycosis.

    Prevalence and clinical characteristics of dermatophytosis in rheumatoid arthritis according to DMARD therapy · 2026 · DOI

  • Microsporum canis complex infections remain a major cause of pediatric dermatophytosis, yet molecular epidemiologic and antifungal susceptibility data from the Arabian Gulf are scarce, with no contemporary regional assessment since 1981–1988.

    Microsporum canis Complex Infections in the United Arab Emirates: Clinical, Molecular, and Antifungal Susceptibility Profiles · 2026 · DOI

  • It remains unclear whether metabolic and liver-associated abnormalities contribute to more severe scalp SD, whether severe SD is a marker of a broader inflammatory-metabolic phenotype, or whether both are consequences of shared upstream factors.

    Scalp Seborrheic Dermatitis Severity Is Associated with Lipid and Liver-Associated Biochemical Parameters · 2026 · DOI

  • These findings provide a mechanistic rationale for investigation in infantile seborrheic dermatitis (ISD), commonly known as cradle cap when involving the scalp, although the contribution of Malassezia to ISD pathogenesis remains incompletely defined.

    Pyrithione Zinc for Infantile Seborrheic Dermatitis: Mechanistic Rationale, Clinical Evidence, and Pediatric Evidence Gaps · 2026 · DOI

  • While the presence of dermatophytes on pool surfaces and decks is well-documented, the specific behavioral factors contributing to transmission among competitive athletes remain under-explored.

    Cutaneous Fungal Infections in Greek Competitive Swimmers: A Cross-Sectional, Self-Reported Study · 2026 · DOI

  • This review is limited by the lack of clinical validation studies examining differences in real-world disinfection approaches in terms of relapse, recurrence and familial transmissions. Disinfection/decontamination methods remain an underexplored research area for dermatophytosis management and deserves increased attention in view of the newly emerged species or clonal offshoots of the T.

    Hygiene Practices Against Dermatophytic Fungi: A Review of Strategies to Combat Antifungal Resistance · 2025 · DOI

  • Terbinafine hydrochloride (TRB), a broad-spectrum antifungal medication, has demonstrated notable anti-tumor properties in previous studies; however, its repurposing for skin cancer therapy remains underexplored.

    Development of a Novel Drug Delivery System “Nanoemulfoam” for Topical Delivery of Terbinafine Hydrochloride as a Repurposed Therapy in Skin Cancer: Formulation, Optimization, In Vitro Characterization, Ex Vivo Transdermal Permeability, Cytotoxicity Studies, and In Silico Assessment · 2025 · DOI

  • Chronic recalcitrant dermatophyte infection (CRDI) remains poorly understood, with limited research on its genetic, immunological and treatment aspects.

    Genetic, immunological and clinical assessment of isolated chronic recalcitrant dermatophytosis: a prospective study · 2025 · DOI

  • The nail unit is often not given due importance in clinical evaluation. A deeper understanding of the various finer details of the nail changes is required.

    Nail changes in dermatological diseases: A cross-sectional study at a tertiary care hospital · 2024 · DOI

  • The observation period in this study was limited to a maximum of 15 months, with most therapies lasting 4–5 months. Nevertheless, these findings should be interpreted cautiously, as the observation was largely limited to the intervention period.

    Assessment of the effectiveness of podiatric nail cleaning in terms of patient health and quality of life: prospective observational study · 2026 · DOI

  • The diagnostic approach is complicated by the similarity between tinea incognita and other inflammatory dermatoses. Pregnancy adds further complexity to the diagnostic and therapeutic approach.

    Extensive Pustular Tinea Incognita During Late Pregnancy: A Case Report · 2026 · DOI

  • Investigate the impact of geographical and climatic conditions on fungal growth, - Examine the effects of cat-related factors such as age and lifestyle on fungal carriage, - Study the transmission dynamics of fungal species between cats…

    Mycological Survey of Fungal Carriage in Cats and Their Owners: Analysis of Species Diversity and Antifungal Susceptibility · 2026 · DOI

  • Conducting similar studies in other institutions - Investigating the effectiveness of health education programs in decreasing the number of cases - Assessing the impact of socioeconomic status on the prevalence of tinea…

    Prevalence and determinants of tinea pedis among patients attending a dermatovenereology outpatient clinic in Northwest Ethiopia: an institutional-based cross-sectional study · 2026 · DOI

  • The study used a limited number of experimental runs, - The presence of ethanol in the NE formulation acted as a defoaming agent, - The study was conducted on a small sample…

    Development of a Novel Drug Delivery System “Nanoemulfoam” for Topical Delivery of Terbinafine Hydrochloride as a Repurposed Therapy in Skin Cancer: Formulation, Optimization, In Vitro Characterization, Ex Vivo Transdermal Permeability, Cytotoxicity Studies, and In Silico Assessment · 2025 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Nail Diseases and Treatments

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Open questions raised by papers listed on this page include: (1) The lack of understanding of the prevalence of fungal species in healthy cats and their owners (“Mycological Survey of Fungal Carriage in Cats and Their Owners: Analysis of…”, 2026); (2) There is a lack of studies on the epidemiologic profile of SFIs in Ningbo, China (“Epidemiology and fungal species distribution of onychomycosis and other…”, 2026); (3) There is a need for a natural alternative to chemical-based treatments for dandruff (“Polyherbal Extracts and its Potential Impact on Dandruff Causative Agent of…”, 2026); (4) There is a lack of literature on the use of MALDI-TOF MS and DNA sequencing for the diagnosis of P. glomerata (“Phoma glomerata Kaynaklı Non-Dermatofitik Onikomikoz: Türkiye’den İlk Olgu”, 2026); (5) There is a need for enhanced clinical vigilance and awareness of dermatophyte infections (“In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Octenidine Against Emerging Dermatophyte Species”, 2026). 93 gap statements have been mined from Nail Diseases and Treatments papers in our 4.5M-paper local library, which holds 872 papers on the topic; the gaps come from whichever of those papers state one. They are mostly the research gaps the authors state and the papers' abstracts, plus future-work, limitations and challenges passages. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one, so you can read the original claim in context.

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