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Open research questions in Renal Diseases and Glomerulopathies

178 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 525 Renal Diseases and Glomerulopathies papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • The mechanisms underlying podocyte dysfunction in lupus nephritis are not fully understood. The role of interleukin-12 signaling in promoting podocyte senescence is unclear.

    Interleukin‐12 Signaling Promotes Podocyte Senescence in Lupus Nephritis · 2026 · DOI

  • single case report, - limited generalizability, - lack of long-term follow-up data, - enzyme replacement therapy was not initiated due to financial constraints

    Case Report: Concurrent Fabry disease, IgA nephropathy and undifferentiated connective tissue disease in a female with normal enzyme activity · 2026 · DOI

  • investigation of the shared immunopathogenic mechanisms between Fabry disease, IgA nephropathy, and undifferentiated connective tissue disease, - study of the clinical spectrum of Fabry disease-associated immune disorders, - research on the efficacy and safety of enzyme replacement therapy in patients with Fabry disease and concurrent immune-mediated disorders

    Case Report: Concurrent Fabry disease, IgA nephropathy and undifferentiated connective tissue disease in a female with normal enzyme activity · 2026 · DOI

  • Development of APOL1-targeted therapies, - Further evaluation of APRS in different populations, - Investigation of the biological mechanisms underlying APRS

    Proteomic risk score for early prediction of kidney disease progression in individuals with APOL1 high-risk genotypes · 2026 · DOI

  • Existing tools to identify individuals likely to progress to chronic kidney disease are lacking. Genotype information alone has not been actionable for clinical decision-making. There is a need for improved risk prediction tools that can accurately predict kidney disease progression in APOL1 high-risk individuals.

    Proteomic risk score for early prediction of kidney disease progression in individuals with APOL1 high-risk genotypes · 2026 · DOI

  • The complexity of thrombogenesis in childhood INS, involving multiple pathogenic mechanisms. The lack of a single laboratory marker that reliably predicts thrombosis in childhood INS. The need for prospective and specific pediatric data on thromboembolic risk to inform preventive management.

    Thromboembolic prophylaxis in childhood idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. From pathophysiology to clinical management · 2026 · DOI

  • whether the widespread adoption of steroid-sparing immunosuppressive therapies and earlier relapse detection may have modified the epidemiology of thromboembolism - whether these changes have translated into lower thromboembolic risk

    Thromboembolic prophylaxis in childhood idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. From pathophysiology to clinical management · 2026 · DOI

  • Limited incidence data for adults, - Corticosteroid therapy has significant side effects, - High relapse rates and steroid resistance are common challenges

    Detailed Pathophysiology of Minimal Change Disease: Insights into Podocyte Dysfunction, Immune Dysregulation, and Genetic Susceptibility · 2024 · DOI

  • Investigating novel therapies like Ripertamab and TRPC6 channel inhibitors, - Exploring the potential of Active Vitamin D Analogs, - Developing targeted therapies that address the underlying causes of MCD

    Detailed Pathophysiology of Minimal Change Disease: Insights into Podocyte Dysfunction, Immune Dysregulation, and Genetic Susceptibility · 2024 · DOI

  • While renal biopsy is the standard for evaluation, non-invasive biomarkers remain scarce.

    The lactate dehydrogenase-to-albumin ratio is independently associated with moderate-to-severe tubulointerstitial fibrosis in patients with IgA nephropathy · 2026 · DOI

  • In light of these limitations, including the relatively small sample size, prospective multicenter studies in larger and more diverse populations are warranted to further establish its clinical utility.

    Analytical validation of an ELISA-based test kit for polymeric IgA immune complexes in IgA nephropathy · 2026 · DOI

  • These findings suggest that the assay may serve as a promising diagnostic tool for differentiating IgAN from non-IgAN kidney diseases; however, further validation in larger, multicenter, and more diverse cohorts is warranted.

    Analytical validation of an ELISA-based test kit for polymeric IgA immune complexes in IgA nephropathy · 2026 · DOI

  • Telitacicept has shown significant benefits in adult IgAN patients, warranting investigation into its potential efficacy in the pediatric population.

    Short-term changes in clinical parameters associated with telitacicept in pediatric IgA nephropathy: a single-center self-controlled observational study · 2026 · DOI

  • However, the clinicopathologic significance of compartment-specific localization of CD68-positive macrophages in native kidney biopsies remains incompletely defined.

    Compartment-Specific Distribution of CD68-Positive Macrophages and its Association with Chronic Kidney Injury Across Diverse Renal Disorders · 2026 · DOI

  • Although the link between immune cell metabolism and MN remains underexplored, this review highlights recent advances in understanding immune metabolism and its role in MN.

    Impact of immune cell metabolism on membranous nephropathy and prospective therapy · 2025 · DOI

  • However, there are few reports on mild clinical manifestations and prognosis associated with LAGE3 variants.

    Two brothers presented with rare clinical characteristics with a novel LAGE3 variant: a case report and literature review · 2025 · DOI

  • Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is the most common kidney disease in children; however, the characteristics of kidney involvement, which occurs following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in children with INS, remain unclear.

    Clinical characteristics of children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome infected with SARS-CoV-2: a single-center retrospective cohort study · 2025 · DOI

  • Nevertheless,further aspects need to be investigated,such as different cytokine impact on Anti-Gd-IgA1 cells terminal differentiation,intensity of autoantibody production and their affinity.

    Characterisation of B cells responsible for anti-Gd-IgA autoantibody production from peripheral blood of IgAN patients 2910 · 2025 · DOI

  • However, the downstream transduction pathways mediated by IL-17 in autoimmunity are not well defined.

    C/EBPδ Mediates Immunity to Renal Autoinflammatory Disorders in a Stage-specific Manner · 2024 · DOI

  • The pharmacokinetics of rituximab in glomerular diseases are not well understood. There is a need for further research to identify key determinants of rituximab clearance and concentration.

    Pharmacokinetic profiling of rituximab in glomerular diseases: key determinants and implications for personalized therapy · 2026 · DOI

  • The prognostic value of LDL-C/HDL-C ratio in IgAN remains unclear. Prior studies have not investigated the association between LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and ESRD risk in IgAN patients.

    The ratio of LDL-C to HDL-C can effectively predict the prognosis of IgA nephropathy · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a lack of reported cases of LPG with male infertility - The study aims to fill this gap by reporting the first case of LPG with infertility

    The First Case of Lipoprotein Glomerulopathy in a Patient With Male Infertility · 2026 · DOI

  • The combined prognostic value of fibrinogen and urinary α1-microglobulin in pediatric nephrotic syndrome has not been established. Reliable predictors for infection risk in children with nephrotic syndrome remain lacking.

    Combined Fibrinogen and Urinary α1-Microglobulin as Predictors of Respiratory Tract Infection in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a need for effective treatments for IgA nephropathy, a major cause of kidney failure worldwide. Prior treatments have had limited efficacy in reducing proteinuria and slowing disease progression.

    Telitacicept for IgA Nephropathy — Interim Analysis of a Phase 3 Trial · 2026 · DOI

  • The lack of genetic testing in patients with non-genetic diagnoses. The lack of understanding of the prevalence of genetic kidney disease in patients with non-genetic diagnoses.

    Monogenic kidney disease and monogenic diabetes are present in renal clinic patients with non-genetic diagnoses · 2026 · DOI

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178 open questions have been extracted from the limitations and future-work passages of 525 Renal Diseases and Glomerulopathies papers in our library. Each one below links back to the study that raised it, so you can read the original claim in context.

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