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Open research questions in Seismic Waves and Analysis

153 gap statements mined from Seismic Waves and Analysis papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 1,456 papers on the topic — drawn mostly from each paper's own stated research gap, future-work, challenge and limitation notes, and its abstract. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one.

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What the literature leaves open

  • Further studies could investigate the effects of other site conditions on nonlinear seismic response. The development of more advanced constitutive models for soils could be explored. Investigations into the application of the findings to other offshore continental shelf regions could be conducted.

    Effects of comprehensive site conditions on the nonlinear seismic response of the Hangzhou Bay seabed site · 2026 · DOI

  • The lack of understanding of how comprehensive site conditions affect nonlinear seismic response. The limitation of 1D analysis in capturing the ground motion response under complex site conditions. The need for a systematic comparison between 1D and 2D computational results to quantify the effects of site conditions.

    Effects of comprehensive site conditions on the nonlinear seismic response of the Hangzhou Bay seabed site · 2026 · DOI

  • Conventional seismic upgrading approaches developed for ordinary buildings are not directly applicable to heritage masonry constructions. The need for proactive preservation strategies is particularly critical for historic structures situated in earthquake-prone regions with moderate to high seismicity. The study assumes linear behavior, stationary white-noise excitation, and low damping (ξ < 1).

    Dynamic Characterization and Soil–Structure Interaction (SSI) of Heritage Buildings: The Case of the Norman Castle of Aci Castello (Sicily, Italy) · 2025 · DOI

  • The lack of non-invasive monitoring methods for reliable structural information of historical buildings. The need for effective preservation strategies that balance structural risks with cultural heritage values. The limited applicability of conventional seismic upgrading approaches to heritage masonry constructions.

    Dynamic Characterization and Soil–Structure Interaction (SSI) of Heritage Buildings: The Case of the Norman Castle of Aci Castello (Sicily, Italy) · 2025 · DOI

  • The relationship between slow earthquakes and fluid migrations is not well understood. Prior studies have not investigated the changes in seismic velocity and heterogeneous structures during slow earthquake episodes. The study aims to fill this gap by applying the ambient noise correlation technique.

    Accretionary prism deformation and fluid migration caused by slow earthquakes in the Nankai subduction zone · 2025 · DOI

  • DAS is a promising new oceanographic technology, and new applications should be explored.

    Comparisons of Seafloor Distributed Fiber-Optic Sensing Datasets and Empirical Calibrations for Inferring Ocean Surface Gravity Waves · 2026 · DOI

  • Application to Apollo deep moonquake records (10 stacked records) shows that the amplitude ratios exhibit the expected single-peak distance trend and yield broadly consistent Q estimates across narrow bands, though the limited data warrant interpreting these results as a feasibility demonstration.

    Constraining lunar lower-mantle attenuation using ScSH-SH amplitude ratios · 2026 · DOI

  • The use of metro-induced signals for the estimation of the subsurface model, however, remains unexplored.

    Estimating urban subsurface models using metro seismic signals · 2026 · DOI

  • However, the current activities of the caldera are not well understood because of the difficulties in monitoring submarine volcanoes.

    Seismic activities at Kikai Caldera, Japan, detected using distributed acoustic sensing via seafloor telecommunication cables · 2025 · DOI

  • Although studies have reported multi-parameter responses to this eruption, the far-field areal strain on the surface remained underexplored.

    Areal strain responses to Lamb waves generated from 2022 Hunga-Tonga volcano eruption · 2025 · DOI

  • However, TC intensity inversions using microseisms have not been reported to date.

    Tropical Cyclone Wind Speed Inversion Using Seafloor Rayleigh-Wave Microseisms · 2024 · DOI

  • Understanding how buildings collectively dissipate seismic energy is essential for assessing earthquake impact in urban areas. Observational evidence based on real data is still lacking.

    Experimental characterization of urban-like scattering and attenuation from a dense nodal array: implications for seismic ground motion · 2026 · DOI

  • The method requires a sufficiently smooth and free-from-abrupt-depth-variations seafloor. The method is limited to depths between 2 and 6 km. The method may not work well for stations with small tilts of the z-axis.

    Method for Restoring the Orientation of Ocean Bottom Seismometers Using Distant Earthquakes Records · 2026 · DOI

  • The study area's subsurface rock structures and seismic vulnerability need to be analyzed. There is a lack of understanding of local site effects and seismic hazard assessment in the region.

    Analysis of Rock Layering Structure Using Shear Wave Velocity from HVSR Inversion · 2026 · DOI

  • Information on the along-strike direction is lacking because the velocity structure was estimated along a single horizontal line parallel to the cable, which is approximately perpendicular to the Japan Trench.

    Spatial distribution of Vp/Vs for sediment and crust off Sanriku, Japan, using distributed acoustic sensing data · 2026 · DOI

  • The project addressed the need for novel drilling techniques and improved drilling efficiency in high-temperature well conditions.

    Scientists Find Thousands of Cubic Kilometers of Magma Hiding Beneath Tuscany · 2026 · DOI

  • Prior surveys have inferred lower detection rates for bolide infrasound. The physical factors governing bolide infrasound detectability are not well understood.

    The role of source geometry and atmospheric propagation in global bolide infrasound detectability · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a lack of systematic comparison of different time-frequency methods for infrasound signal classification.

    Classification of infrasonic signals based on time-frequency representation · 2026 · DOI

  • Conventional seismic methods do not provide continuous tracking throughout eruptive stages with clearly interpretable signals. Prior methods have limitations in detecting subtle subsurface changes across eruptive cycles. There is a need for a sensitive tool to monitor volcanic activity and detect precursory signs of eruption.

    Geometric phase sensing using seismic waves for comprehensive volcano monitoring at Kı̄lauea Hawaii · 2026 · DOI

  • The study was limited to a single test site in Larderello, Italy. The project encountered difficulties with mud boiling and high temperatures. The use of Managed Pressure Drilling and Mud Cooling Systems was necessary to mitigate risks.

    Scientists Find Thousands of Cubic Kilometers of Magma Hiding Beneath Tuscany · 2026 · DOI

  • Identifying volcanic transitions from quiescence to unrest remains challenging. Distinguishing between magmatic fluid migration and poroviscoelastic responses remains challenging.

    Integrated seismic monitoring reveals subsurface evolution during volcanic inflation at Askja volcano, Iceland · 2026 · DOI

  • Etna, Italy acquired through a large, unprecedented deployment of seismometers and microphones in the summit region during summer 2022, highlighting about 50 rarely reported high-frequency (12–15 Hz), short-duration, minute- to half an hour-long volcanic seismic tremor episodes.

    High-frequency volcano seismic tremor at Mt. Etna, Italy: Insights from varying seismic-acoustic amplitude ratios · 2026 · DOI

  • Manual or semi-automated picking methods are challenging for DAS recordings - Severe fragmentation and interference in DAS…

    Automated Extraction of Rayleigh Wave Dispersion Curves from DAS Railway Monitoring · 2026 · DOI

  • Further validation of the method using more data from different seismic events. Application of the method to other types of seismometers. Investigation of the method's limitations and potential improvements.

    Method for Restoring the Orientation of Ocean Bottom Seismometers Using Distant Earthquakes Records · 2026 · DOI

  • Further application of geometric phase sensing to other volcanic systems, - Investigation of the method's sensitivity to different types of noise…

    Geometric phase sensing using seismic waves for comprehensive volcano monitoring at Kı̄lauea Hawaii · 2026 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Seismic Waves and Analysis

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Open questions raised by papers listed on this page include: (1) Further studies could investigate the effects of other site conditions on nonlinear seismic response (“Effects of comprehensive site conditions on the nonlinear seismic response of…”, 2026); (2) The use of metro-induced signals for the estimation of the subsurface model, however, remains unexplored (“Estimating urban subsurface models using metro seismic signals”, 2026); (3) There is a lack of understanding of local site effects and seismic hazard assessment in the region (“Analysis of Rock Layering Structure Using Shear Wave Velocity from HVSR…”, 2026); (4) Information on the along-strike direction is lacking because the velocity structure was estimated along a single horizontal line parallel to the cable, which is approximately perpendicular to the Japan Trench (“Spatial distribution of Vp/Vs for sediment and crust off Sanriku, Japan, using…”, 2026); (5) The physical factors governing bolide infrasound detectability are not well understood (“The role of source geometry and atmospheric propagation in global bolide…”, 2026). 153 gap statements have been mined from Seismic Waves and Analysis papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 1,456 papers on the topic; the gaps come from whichever of those papers state one. They are mostly the research gaps the authors state and the papers' abstracts, plus future-work, limitations and challenges passages. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one, so you can read the original claim in context.

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