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Open research questions in Sports Dynamics and Biomechanics

146 gap statements mined from Sports Dynamics and Biomechanics papers in our 4.5M-paper local library, which holds 669 papers on the topic — drawn mostly from each paper's own stated research gap, future-work, challenge and limitation notes, and its abstract. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one.

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What the literature leaves open

  • Lack of detailed biomechanical analysis of the hat-wing technique. Limited understanding of the intrinsic biomechanical mechanism of the left-wing toss movement. Need for a basis for the inheritance and training of the hat-wing technique.

    Biomechanical analysis of Peking Opera hat-wing technique · 2026 · DOI

  • Conventional agility assessment methods have limitations in terms of objectivity, measurement accuracy, and real-time responsiveness. Image-based motion tracking systems have performance restrictions due to lighting conditions, camera occlusion, and computational latency.

    Millimeter-Wave Radar and Mixed Reality Virtual Reality System for Agility Analysis of Table Tennis Players · 2026 · DOI

  • The limited understanding of the movement characteristics of the backhand volley. The lack of studies comparing the movement patterns of skilled and less-skilled players in executing tennis volleys.

    Analysis of Upper-Limb Movement Characteristics in Tennis Volleys Based on Skill-Level Differences: Kinematic Features of the Backhand Versus Forehand Volley · 2026 · DOI

  • The literature highlights the need for targeted drills to improve shooting mechanics and consistency in young basketball athletes.

    Comparative Analysis of 2-Point Jump Shot and Free Throw Kinematics in High- and Low-Level U18 Male Basketball Players · 2024 · DOI

  • Future work will focus on expanding the dataset of domestic high-performance athletes and integrating precise sports science resources to further enhance the system’s performance and algorithmic models, thereby promoting the scientific selection of national team players and advancing the intelligent development of table tennis.

    Skill Classification of Youth Table Tennis Players Using Sensor Fusion and the Random Forest Algorithm · 2026 · DOI

  • Introduction Neuromuscular fatigue disrupts rowing technique, yet its multisegmental effects in Traditional fixed-seat rowing remain poorly understood.

    Neuromuscular fatigue induces phase-specific multisegmental kinematic adaptations in elite traditional rowers: a three-dimensional analysis · 2026 · DOI

  • Yet, these interviews highlight that men-dominated constructs still exist, and more consideration is warranted to afford women better opportunities to be successful.

    Exploring women's golf performance, swing biomechanics, and golf equipment: A constraints led approach · 2026 · DOI

  • However, this ability has not yet been quantified, and there are no training methods for pitch selection.

    Pitch Selection Ability and Spatial Executive Function Independently Predict Baseball Batting Performance · 2025 · DOI

  • Offensive play in baseball consists of batting and base running; however, the transitional phase that links these two actions, termed Situation Integration, has not been adequately studied.

    Relationship between movement time and ground reaction force in the intermediate phase of baseball hitting to base running · 2025 · DOI

  • Furthermore, the importance of a rapid shift from batting to base running remains unclear.

    Relationship between movement time and ground reaction force in the intermediate phase of baseball hitting to base running · 2025 · DOI

  • However, little is known of how advancements in empirical evidence have integrated with the practices and perceptions of elite professional golfers.

    Elite professional golfers’ physical preparation practices and perceptions · 2025 · DOI

  • Although limited studies have been conducted on ball trapping, often using oversimplified and closed-skill environments, this study identified the technical factors that enhance these skills to improve performance in match settings.

    Motion characteristics of directional ball-trapping techniques in soccer: A comparative study of advanced and intermediate players · 2025 · DOI

  • Backcourt forehand clear stroke is a fundamental technique in badminton, but the biomechanical differences between novice and experienced players are not fully understood.

    Differences in backcourt forehand clear stroke between novice players and experienced badminton players: based on body segment acceleration data · 2025 · DOI

  • While previous studies have highlighted the importance of trunk and upper limb movements in influencing hand velocity during the aerial spiking phase, the contribution of lower-limb kinetics remains insufficiently understood.

    Lower-limb joint kinetics and their contribution to attacking arm hand velocity during the aerial phase of the volleyball jump serve · 2025 · DOI

  • Markerless (ML) motion capture has emerged as a viable option to marker-based (MB) motion capture in estimating movement biomechanics, but limited data exists on the accuracy of ML systems during high-speed throwing.

    Assessing the accuracy of in-stadium and portable multi-camera markerless motion capture for baseball pitching kinematics and kinetics · 2025 · DOI

  • The relationship between isokinetic maximal strength of internal or external shoulder rotation and serve speed in tennis is well-established, yet the influence of segmental mass, height, and high-speed shoulder rotation strength on serve performance in junior players remains unclear.

    Tennis Serve Speed in Relation to Isokinetic Shoulder Strength, Height, and Segmental Body Mass in Junior Players · 2025 · DOI

  • The relationship between swing metrics and swing outcomes is confounded by the batter's pitch recognition.

    Swinging, Fast and Slow: Interpreting Variation in Baseball Swing Tracking Metrics · 2026 · DOI

  • Investigate the relationship between shoulder strength and serve speed in a larger and more diverse sample of tennis players. Examine the effects of targeted training programs on serve speed and shoulder strength in junior tennis players. Explore the relationship between other biomechanical and physical factors, such as leg strength and core stability, and serve speed.

    Tennis Serve Speed in Relation to Isokinetic Shoulder Strength, Height, and Segmental Body Mass in Junior Players · 2025 · DOI

  • The small sample size limited the generalizability of the findings. The study had to control for various factors, such as the players' training backgrounds and competitive experience, to ensure consistent testing conditions.

    The Role of Toss Zenith and Impact Height in the Relationship Between Shoulder Rotation Strength and Serve Speed in Junior Tennis Players · 2025 · DOI

  • CMNI body roll patterns varied widely, but discrete and continuous variables did not differ between upper-limb subgroups or between lower-limb subgroups.

    Effect of Central Motor and Neuromuscular Impairments on Front Crawl Body Roll Characteristics of Para Swimmers · 2025 · DOI

  • Exploring the inclusion of hip and ankle joint movements in the analysis, - Investigating the application of the findings to other Peking Opera movements, - Conducting a larger-scale study with multiple…

    Biomechanical analysis of Peking Opera hat-wing technique · 2026 · DOI

  • Further analysis of the relationship between swing aggression and outcomes in baseball. Investigation of the effects of bat speed and swing length on different types of pitches. Examination of the relationship between batter's pitch recognition and swing metrics.

    Swinging, Fast and Slow: Interpreting Variation in Baseball Swing Tracking Metrics · 2026 · DOI

  • Further development of the proposed system to expand its application domains - Investigation of the system's performance in other sports and training…

    Millimeter-Wave Radar and Mixed Reality Virtual Reality System for Agility Analysis of Table Tennis Players · 2026 · DOI

  • The small, homogeneous sample of male Czech juniors limits generalizability, - The sample size (n = 13) was determined by the limited availability of nationally ranked players, - The study was powered to reliably detect only |ρ| ≥ 0.69, - Smaller associations may have remained undetected due to the limited sample…

    The Role of Toss Zenith and Impact Height in the Relationship Between Shoulder Rotation Strength and Serve Speed in Junior Tennis Players · 2025 · DOI

  • Investigate the trunk-related contribution to fatigue in Traditional rowing, - Examine the effects of fatigue on other aspects of rowing…

    Neuromuscular fatigue induces phase-specific multisegmental kinematic adaptations in elite traditional rowers: a three-dimensional analysis · 2026 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Sports Dynamics and Biomechanics

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Open questions raised by papers listed on this page include: (1) Lack of detailed biomechanical analysis of the hat-wing technique (“Biomechanical analysis of Peking Opera hat-wing technique”, 2026); (2) The lack of studies comparing the movement patterns of skilled and less-skilled players in executing tennis volleys (“Analysis of Upper-Limb Movement Characteristics in Tennis Volleys Based on…”, 2026); (3) Introduction Neuromuscular fatigue disrupts rowing technique, yet its multisegmental effects in Traditional fixed-seat rowing remain poorly understood (“Neuromuscular fatigue induces phase-specific multisegmental kinematic…”, 2026); (4) These interviews highlight that men-dominated constructs still exist, and more consideration is warranted to afford women better opportunities to be successful (“Exploring women's golf performance, swing biomechanics, and golf equipment: A…”, 2026); (5) This ability has not yet been quantified, and there are no training methods for pitch selection (“Pitch Selection Ability and Spatial Executive Function Independently Predict…”, 2025). 146 gap statements have been mined from Sports Dynamics and Biomechanics papers in our 4.5M-paper local library, which holds 669 papers on the topic; the gaps come from whichever of those papers state one. They are mostly the research gaps the authors state and the papers' abstracts, plus future-work, limitations and challenges passages. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one, so you can read the original claim in context.

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