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Open research questions in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)

78 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 213 Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • Traditional routing protocols are insufficient for VANETs due to their static nature. There is a need for adaptive routing protocols that can handle the dynamic nature of VANETs.

    Simulation-Based Evaluation of Reinforcement Learning-Enhanced Location-Aware Routing in Urban Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) · 2026 · DOI

  • To further improve the performance of the proposed framework. To evaluate the framework's performance in real-world scenarios. To explore the application of the framework in other domains.

    DT-EdgeGNN: Digital Twin–Driven Edge Intelligence with Graph Neural Networks for Predictive Secure VANET Communication · 2026 · DOI

  • Traditional VANET systems are based on centralized architecture and reactive intrusion detection, which is insufficient for contemporary cyber attacks. There is a need for a predictive and secure communication framework for VANETs. The proposed framework aims to address this research gap.

    DT-EdgeGNN: Digital Twin–Driven Edge Intelligence with Graph Neural Networks for Predictive Secure VANET Communication · 2026 · DOI

  • Existing systems suffer from privacy leakage and lack of user motivation. Traditional approaches introduce high computational overhead and fail to address these challenges effectively.

    Credit Coin: A Privacy-Preserving Blockchain-Based Incentive Announcement Network for Communications of Smart Vehicles · 2026 · DOI

  • The lack of encryption in CAN poses security vulnerabilities. Existing CAN RE methods rely on PIDs. The Vehicle-RNA framework may be exploited by adversaries.

    Vehicle-RNA: Reverse Engineering With Dynamic Time Warping for Automotive Protocol · 2026 · DOI

  • To explore the use of the Vehicle-RNA framework in other domains. To improve the security of automotive systems using the framework.

    Vehicle-RNA: Reverse Engineering With Dynamic Time Warping for Automotive Protocol · 2026 · DOI

  • Future research can focus on improving the security and privacy of VANETs. Future research can explore the use of VANETs in other application domains, such as smart cities and intelligent transportation systems.

    Bridging the Gap Between Vehicles and Infrastructure for Enhanced Communication and Mobility: Comprehensive Study · 2026 · DOI

  • The gap between infrastructure and vehicles is a major challenge in transportation systems. The lack of real-time information exchange and collaboration between infrastructure and vehicles is a concern.

    Bridging the Gap Between Vehicles and Infrastructure for Enhanced Communication and Mobility: Comprehensive Study · 2026 · DOI

  • The development of dynamic trust-scoring mechanisms for unverified nodes remains an important avenue for future research. Security risks such as eavesdropping or malicious packet dropping by relay nodes are assumed to be mitigated by a baseline Public Key Infrastructure (PKI).

    Robust service migration for autonomous vehicles leveraging deep learning and cooperative V2V protocols · 2026 · DOI

  • Current solutions are reactive and often lead to lags and dropped connections. There is a need for a proactive framework that anticipates and manages data streams.

    Robust service migration for autonomous vehicles leveraging deep learning and cooperative V2V protocols · 2026 · DOI

  • Future research can focus on implementing the proposed SCF-EMD scheme in real-world scenarios. Future research can focus on improving the efficiency of the scheme in terms of information coverage, end-to-end delay, and packet delivery ratio.

    Scf-emd: store carry forward based emergency message dissemination scheme for highways · 2026 · DOI

  • The lack of connectivity in certain areas of highways can lead to major incidents or traffic bottlenecks. The existing schemes for disseminating emergency messages in highways have limitations in terms of information coverage, end-to-end delay, and packet delivery ratio.

    Scf-emd: store carry forward based emergency message dissemination scheme for highways · 2026 · DOI

  • The lack of proactive traffic management and attack foresight predictive intelligence in current VANET solutions. The lack of scalable, secure, and predictive solutions for future generation vehicular communication systems. The need for a framework that combines digital twin-based simulation, spatio-temporal graph neural networks, and federated learning with differential privacy.

    Fed-DT-EdgeGNN: Privacy-Preserving Federated Digital Twin Edge Intelligence for Secure VANET Communication · 2026 · DOI

  • The performance of V2X communication systems remains constrained by limited spectral resources, massive device connectivity, unstable wireless links, and high signaling overhead associated with centralized resource management.

    NOMA Resource Allocation Algorithm Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning for V2X Networks · 2026 · DOI

  • Evaluating the proposed technique in real-world scenarios. Improving the performance of the proposed technique using other optimization algorithms. Applying the proposed technique to other domains, such as industrial control systems.

    Optimized PRNN-ENet for robust IDS in IoV networks · 2026 · DOI

  • Existing intrusion detection methods are inadequate for detecting real-time threats in dynamic and heterogeneous automotive environments. There is a need for an advanced real-time intrusion detection system that can detect and mitigate evolving cyber-attacks in connected vehicles.

    Optimized PRNN-ENet for robust IDS in IoV networks · 2026 · DOI

  • Delayed driver response. Limited visibility. Lack of coordination between vehicles.

    Integrated V2V Communication System · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a need for efficient V2V communication systems. Existing systems have limitations in terms of latency and scalability.

    Integrated V2V Communication System · 2026 · DOI

  • Integration with real-world vehicular datasets. Optimization for large-scale networks. Implementation with IoT and 5G technologies

    Credit Coin: A Privacy-Preserving Blockchain-Based Incentive Announcement Network for Communications of Smart Vehicles · 2026 · DOI

  • The current ECDSA cryptographic scheme used in VANETs is vulnerable to quantum computing attacks. There is a need for a secure and efficient V2V authentication scheme that can mitigate the computational overhead of PQC algorithms.

    Inspecting VANET with Various Critical Aspects – A Systematic Review · 2023 · DOI

  • Existing solutions lack generalizability and adaptability. The dynamic nature of vehicular fog computing and heterogeneous computing resources are main challenges.

    IRATS: A DRL-based intelligent priority and deadline-aware online resource allocation and task scheduling algorithm in a vehicular fog network · 2023 · DOI

  • VANETs are vulnerable to various security attacks such as blackhole attacks. The existing approaches have limitations in detecting and mitigating blackhole attacks.

    A cryptographic paradigm to detect and mitigate blackhole attack in VANET environments · 2022 · DOI

  • Further evaluation of the proposed algorithm using real-world scenarios. Investigation of other optimization techniques to solve the optimal V2X service placement problem.

    Edge-Enabled V2X Service Placement for Intelligent Transportation Systems · 2020 · DOI

  • The problem of optimal V2X service placement in a hybrid core/edge environment is identified as a challenge. The limited computation resources available at edge nodes are a major constraint.

    Edge-Enabled V2X Service Placement for Intelligent Transportation Systems · 2020 · DOI

  • The current V2X standards have limitations, such as poor scalability and performance in highly mobile environments. There is a need for a new technology that can address these limitations. 5G-V2X is a promising technology that can fill this gap.

    5G-V2X: standardization, architecture, use cases, network-slicing, and edge-computing · 2020 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)

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78 open questions have been extracted from the limitations and future-work passages of 213 Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) papers in our library. Each one below links back to the study that raised it, so you can read the original claim in context.

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