The gut microbiome plays a pivotal role in modulating nutrient metabolism and lactation efficiency

The gap

Evidence profile

Sourced from the future work and abstract of the source papers, classified as general, drawn from work published between 2024 and 2026, spanning 3 journals. Those papers have been cited 26 times in total.

Supporting evidence — 3 representative gaps

• Ruminal bacterial and protozoal features associated with milk yield in Chinese Holstein cows (2026) · BMC Microbiology · doi

  2025–2034. 2025. https://www.oecd- ilibrary.org/en/publications/oecd-fao-agricultural-outlook-2025-2034_601276 cd-en/full report. html. Accessed 9 Jan 2026. 2. Wang X, Wang J, Li P, Sun H, Li X, Zhan H, et al. An updated meta-analysis of influences of animal, ARTICLE IN PRESSARTICLE IN PRESS ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT dietary, and operational factors on the effects of supplemental methionine on lactational performances in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 2025; 108:7091–7108. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2024-25995. 3. Amin AB, Zhang L, Zhang J, Mao S. Metagenomics analysis reveals differences in rumen microbiota in cows with low and high milk protein percentage. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2023; 107:4887–4902. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-023-12620-2. 4. Yang J, Feng Y, Guo T, Guo S, Yang M, Zhou D, et al. The impact of rumen and hindgut microbiomes on the persistent productivity of long-lived dairy cows. Microbiome. 2026; 14:60. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168- 025-02309-1. 5. Tovar-Herrera OE, Grinshpan I, Sorek G, Lybovits I, Levin L, Moraïs S, et al. Core rumen microbes are functional generalists that sustain host metabolism and gut ecosystem function. Nat Ecol Evol. 2025;10:44–58. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02904-3. 6. Zou C, Gu Q, Zhou X, Xia Z, Muhammad WI, Tang Q, et al. Ruminal microbiota composition associated with ruminal fermentation parameters and milk yield in lactating buffalo in Guangxi, China—A preliminary study. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 2019; 103:1374–1379. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.13154. 7. Wang X, Zeng H, Xu J, Zhai Y, Xia H, Xi Y, et al. Characteristics of ruminal microbiota and metabolome in Holstein cows differing in milk protein concentrations. J. Anim. Sci. 2022; 100: skac253. https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac253. 8. Shabat SKB, Sasson G, Doron-Faigenboim A, Durman T, Yaacoby S, Berg Miller ME, et al. Specific microbiome-dependent mechanisms underlie the energy harvest efficiency of ruminants. ISME J. 2016; 10:2958–2972. https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2016.62. 9. Xue M-Y, Sun H-Z, Wu X-H, Liu J-X, Guan LL. Multi-omics reveals that the rumen microbiome and its metabolome together with the host metabolome contribute to individualized dairy cow performance. Microbiome. 2020; 8:64. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-020-00819-8. 10. Monteiro HF, Figueiredo CC, Mion B, Santos JEP, Bisinotto RS, Peñagaricano F, et al. An artificial intelligence approach of feature engineering and ensemble methods depicts the rumen microbiome contribution to feed efficiency in dairy cows. Anim. Microbiome. 2024; 6:5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-024-00289-5. 11. Fotsidie HG, Tilahun M, Ngueuyim Nono JK, Ngaba MJY, Xu J, Ayemele AG. Rumen microbiota for ARTICLE IN PRESSARTICLE IN PRESS ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT cattle performance and greenhouse gas mitigation across the world. J. Clean. Prod. 2025;518

  generalfuture work
  Keywords: https rumen microbiome dairy cows article press microbiota anim wang milk ruminal metabolome oecd accepted
• Gut microbiome enterotypes drive divergent lactation performance in dairy goats through host-microbe metabolic cross-talk (2025) · Microbiology Spectrum · cited 2× · doi

  ABSTRACT The gut microbiome plays a pivotal role in modulating nutrient metabolism and lactation efficiency in ruminants, yet its functional stratification into enterotypes and implications for dairy goats remain unexplored.

  generalabstractevidence 4/5
  Keywords: abstract microbiome plays pivotal role modulating nutrient metabolism lactation efficiency ruminants functional stratification enterotypes implications
• Multi-omics analyses reveal rumen microbes and secondary metabolites that are unique to livestock species (2024) · mSystems · cited 24× · doi

  However, given the complexity and variation of the rumen ecosystem and feed of these various livestock species, combined with inter-individual differences between gut microbial communities, how they influence the rumen secondary metabolites remains elusive.

  generalabstractevidence 4/5
  Keywords: rumen given complexity variation ecosystem feed various livestock species combined inter individual differences microbial communities

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