Algorithm bias and lack of data security are identified as significant challenges in the implementation of AI in electoral management

The gap

Evidence profile

Sourced from the recommendations and synthesized and stated challenges of the source papers, classified as general, drawn from work published between 2022 and 2026, spanning 3 journals. Those papers have been cited 66 times in total.

Supporting evidence — 3 representative gaps

• The Algorithmic Leviathan: Artificial Intelligence, The Reshaping of Political Power, and the Existential Threat to Human Agency (2026) · The American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology · doi

  and accountable use of AI in global politics. synthesis of ethical, findings transparent, espionage a for cyber into and This paper ultimately points to AI as an inspiration and reflection of global political change. Its ability to gather data, predict behavior and influence decisions means that through everyone’s international security is now politically charged. In this respect, politics is so sound in speeches and rallies that it not only resonates in codes, networks, or algorithms. Political action truly can be heard everywhere. from personal privacy life The Am. J. Polit. Sci. Law Criminol. 2026 46 The American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology ISSN 2693-0803 Volume 08 - 2026 Table 1: Summary of AI’s global political influence.

  generalrecommendations
  Keywords: political global politics influence accountable synthesis ethical transparent espionage cyber ultimately points inspiration reflection change
• Artificial Intelligence and the Political Legitimacy of Global Governance (2022) · Political Studies · cited 52× · doi

  Existing scholarship identifies political legitimacy as a critical property of good global AI governance but does not examine how middle powers—which often lack representation in elite governance forums—perceive or can contribute to the democratic legitimacy of emerging AI governance institutions, or how their participation might address legitimacy deficits in current regime complexes.

  generalsynthesizedevidence 5/5
  Keywords: existing scholarship identifies political legitimacy critical property good
• Smart elections or rigged algorithms: the rise of artificial intelligence in electoral governance in Southeast Asia (2025) · Frontiers in Political Science · cited 14× · doi

  Algorithm bias and lack of data security are identified as significant challenges in the implementation of AI in electoral management. The study highlights the risk of cyber-attacks and accusations of bogus election interference in Southeast Asia. The research notes the need to address the lack of transparency and accountability in AI decision-making processes.

  generalstated challengesevidence 5/5
  Keywords: algorithm bias lack data security identified significant challenges

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