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Open research questions in Biomedical and Engineering Education

31 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 617 Biomedical and Engineering Education papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • In this vein, future research should examine how biodesign LMs’ hybrid roles can be better recognised and supported – including not only how institutions might develop more intentional professional frameworks that reflect the distinctive demands of managing workspaces for a dynamic interdisciplinary field, but also how the research and user communities can better recognise and advocate for the value of these hybrid roles.

    Keeping BioLabs ‘Alive’: Understanding the Work of Biodesign Lab Managers · 2026 · DOI

  • Effective and accessible in vitro and in silico tools that can simultaneously integrate solid, fluid, and cellular biomechanics with dynamic systems analysis and biotransport to model subcellular signaling, cell-microenvironment interactions, and interorgan interactions across multiple biological scales are not yet sufficiently developed.

    A Systems Approach to Biomechanics, Mechanobiology, and Biotransport. · 2026 · DOI

  • Interdisciplinary research conferences or symposia specifically designed to bring biomechanics investigators together with computational biologists and computer scientists to advance systems-based approaches integrating mechanobiology and biotransport do not currently exist at sufficient frequency or scale.

    A Systems Approach to Biomechanics, Mechanobiology, and Biotransport. · 2026 · DOI

  • Educational resources including textbooks and instructor training programs for systems-level biomechanics approaches that integrate solid mechanics, fluid mechanics, cellular biomechanics, and biotransport across undergraduate and graduate curricula are currently inadequate and need to be developed.

    A Systems Approach to Biomechanics, Mechanobiology, and Biotransport. · 2026 · DOI

  • Currently reported indices from biomechanical models such as time-averaged wall shear stress fail to capture spatial and temporal variability as well as cellular and molecular impacts; additional mechanobiological indices need to be developed and validated to account for these dynamic features.

    A Systems Approach to Biomechanics, Mechanobiology, and Biotransport. · 2026 · DOI

  • Validation of subject-specific modeling outcomes across multiple scales—including validation of individual steps in vascular reconstruction and overall outcomes in growth and remodeling networks—remains challenging and incompletely addressed in systems-based biomechanics approaches.

    A Systems Approach to Biomechanics, Mechanobiology, and Biotransport. · 2026 · DOI

  • The mRNA therapeutic expansion into maternal-fetal medicine is exemplified by preeclampsia treatment, but the paper does not identify other pregnancy disorders (gestational diabetes, preterm birth, fetal growth restriction) where mRNA lipid nanoparticle platforms could be adapted or what preclinical models are needed to test safety and efficacy.

    Opportunities and barriers for innovation at the interface of engineering and maternal-fetal medicine · 2026 · DOI

  • The paper calls for early collaborative conversations amongst engineers, physician scientists, patients, regulatory officials, and providers, but does not establish specific frameworks, structured methodologies, or evaluation criteria for measuring research synergism outcomes or determining when cross-disciplinary collaborations have successfully advanced maternal-fetal medicine research.

    Opportunities and barriers for innovation at the interface of engineering and maternal-fetal medicine · 2026 · DOI

  • The paper emphasizes designing drugs that pregnant patients 'will want and are able to take,' but provides no concrete guidance on formulation requirements, pharmacokinetic properties, or delivery mechanisms (oral, transdermal, injectable) that should be evaluated during the early design process for maternal-fetal therapeutics.

    Opportunities and barriers for innovation at the interface of engineering and maternal-fetal medicine · 2026 · DOI

  • The paper identifies that pregnancy biomarkers must be discovered to serve as therapeutic targets in maternal-fetal diseases, but does not specify which disease subtypes lack validated biomarkers or what high-throughput discovery methods (proteomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics) should be prioritized for biomarker identification in pregnant populations.

    Opportunities and barriers for innovation at the interface of engineering and maternal-fetal medicine · 2026 · DOI

  • Therapeutic antibody repurposing for maternal-fetal autoimmune diseases has been demonstrated for fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia, but the paper does not identify which other specific maternal-fetal immune conditions should be targeted through similar antibody redesign approaches. A systematic mapping of maternal-fetal autoimmune disorders amenable to therapeutic antibody intervention is needed.

    Opportunities and barriers for innovation at the interface of engineering and maternal-fetal medicine · 2026 · DOI

  • The study identifies that structured scaffolding (weekly feedback, mentoring, peer interactions) is critical for managing cognitive load in CBL, but does not provide detailed guidance on optimal scaffolding design or intensity for different student populations.

    Exploring the applications of plasma physics in the semiconductor industry through challenge-based learning · 2026 · DOI

  • The research highlights that a hybrid approach combining CBL with traditional exams may be necessary in conceptually dense disciplines, but does not systematically compare different assessment format combinations or their relative effectiveness.

    Exploring the applications of plasma physics in the semiconductor industry through challenge-based learning · 2026 · DOI

  • While the paper demonstrates CBL effectiveness in an advanced plasma physics course, it does not address whether these findings would generalize to other STEM disciplines or to foundational-level courses.

    Exploring the applications of plasma physics in the semiconductor industry through challenge-based learning · 2026 · DOI

  • Labour costs vary widely from country to country and depend on the skill level required for carrying out decommissioning activities that also may vary from country to country according to national regulatory frameworks. The data provided are insufficient to assess whether or not this percentage is affected by the type of reactor considered but indicate clearly, as expected, that it differs from country to country, e.

    The Future of Health Physics: Trends, Challenges, and Innovation · 2025 · DOI

  • However, most organizations lack the infrastructure required to consume and apply computable knowledge, and national policies and standards adoption are insufficient to ensure that it is discoverable and used safely and fairly, nor is there widespread experience in the process of knowledge implementation as clinical decision support.

    Summary of fourth annual <scp>MCBK</scp> public meeting: Mobilizing computable biomedical knowledge—metadata and trust · 2021 · DOI

  • The text indicates that integrating diverse domains and synthesizing information from academic and industrial contexts is valuable but the sentence is incomplete, leaving an unexplored gap regarding specific integration strategies.

    Exploring the applications of plasma physics in the semiconductor industry through challenge-based learning · 2026 · DOI

  • Providing decision-quality information through rapidly customized engineered biological sensors and sensor arrays represents an ongoing challenge in biosensor development.

    Enabling Defense Applications Through Engineering Biology: A Technical Roadmap · 2020 · DOI

  • Constructing and maintaining stable engineered microbiomes for human performance and protection requires additional research to ensure long-term stability and efficacy.

    Enabling Defense Applications Through Engineering Biology: A Technical Roadmap · 2020 · DOI

  • The paper aims to address the international student who is considering bioengineering/biomedical engineering as a career, with an underlying emphasis on students from developing and transitional countries where career guidance is lacking.

    Bioengineering/Biomedical Engineering Education and Career Development: Literature Review, Definitions, and Constructive Recommendations* · 2008

  • The bottom line is that there is no consensus of what biotechnology is or what it is not, and this reality and the differences in definitions deployed by organizations…

    Biotechnology: What it is, what it is not, and the challenges in reaching a national or global consensus · 2004 · DOI

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31 open questions have been extracted from the limitations and future-work passages of 617 Biomedical and Engineering Education papers in our library. Each one below links back to the study that raised it, so you can read the original claim in context.

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