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Open research questions in Diversity and Impact of Dance

84 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 3,800 Diversity and Impact of Dance papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • Thirdly, the sample size of 120 students, which is sufficient for initial statistical analysis, might not be representative of the broader population of Chinese classical dance students.

    Impact of Blended Learning Techniques on Skill Acquisition in Chinese Classical Dance Among University Students · 2026 · DOI

  • Future research is recommended to: (1) employ Laban Movement Analysis (LMA) as a more systematic movement notation tool; (2) conduct comparative studies of SANG Dance across different performance contexts; and (3) explore audience reception perspectives to understand how communities interpret the social messages of this choreography.

    <b>An Ethnochoreological Analysis of Historical Transformation and Socio-Ecological Critique of SANG Dance in Belitung</b> · 2026 · DOI

  • Recommendations for Future Research The freedom, improvisational possibilities, and bodily diversity provided by modern choreography broaden the aesthetic horizons of dance art; however, the sustainability of this approach and its applicability within require institutional structures remain consideration. The further issues that technical infrastructure of performance spaces, the physical capacities of dancers, and the accessibility of financial resources are among the factors that directly determine the creative potential of modern choreography. In this regard, future studies should examine the function of modern choreography within social and cultural contexts, the forms of interaction it establishes with audiences, and the new roles it may assume through interdisciplinary collaborations. In this way, modern choreography may be evaluated not only as a practice of individual expression but also as a multidimensional field that reinforces the social function of art.

    The role of movement–melody interaction in the creative processes of contemporary ballet pianists: A descriptive review based on document analysis · 2026 · DOI

  • The role of ballet music has undergone a significant transformation over the centuries, evolving from a simple accompanying element into a fundamental component of performance. European ballet music originated between the fourteenth and sixteenth centuries with suites incorporating court dances and 106 folk music themes. In the eighteenth century, music began to gain prominence by becoming more compatible with choreography and dramatic scenes. One of the earliest examples of this transformation is Christoph Willibald Gluck’s Don Juan (Музыка в балете: краткая история эволюции, 2021). Ballet emerged in the fifteenth century within the courts of the Italian Renaissance and became an important art form in aristocratic events enriched by dance and music (Uniarts Helsinki, n.d.). In the sixteenth century, Catherine de Medici supported ballet in France and encouraged the development of the ballet de cour tradition. The most significant turning point of this period, as shown in Figure 1, was Ballet Comique de la Reine, staged in 1581 and regarded as the first true ballet work combining music, poetry, dance, and stage design around a single dramatic theme. A century later, the interest and contributions of Louis XIV transformed ballet from an amateur pastime into a professional art form. The establishment of a dance academy in Paris in 1661 and the transfer of ballet from court settings to theatrical stages in 1681 enabled the art form to reach wider audiences (The Russian Ballet, n.d.). In the eighteenth century, Jean-Georges Noverre argued that ballet should become an expressive art form and developed the ballet d’action style. This process demonstrated the expressive power and artistic depth that ballet achieved on stage (Uniarts Helsinki, n.d.). During the first half of the nineteenth century, the Romantic Period deeply influenced ballet art, and themes focusing on spirits and supernatural worlds became prominent in works such as Giselle and La Sylphide. During this period, pointe technique became standardized, and the romantic tutu, made of tulle fabric and reaching calf length, was introduced. From the mid-nineteenth century onward, ballet reached its peak in Russia, and the works of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, such as The Nutcracker, The Sleeping Beauty, and Swan Lake, became the most magnificent examples of classical ballet. During this era, symphonic depth, dramatic structure, and thematic richness became prominent in music. Through Tchaikovsky’s works, ballet music evolved into an independent and influential art form (“Музыка в балете: краткая история эволюции”, 2021).

    The role of movement–melody interaction in the creative processes of contemporary ballet pianists: A descriptive review based on document analysis · 2026 · DOI

  • Even though the study generated significant results, several limitations must be acknowledged. First, it was conducted in one state university with two intact classes, limiting generalizability. Future replication across diverse institutions, including local colleges and private universities, would strengthen the claims. Second, although instructors followed the same syllabus, individual differences in delivery may have introduced variability beyond the experimental design. Third, the study covered only one semester, leaving open questions about the durability of interest and engagement beyond the short term. Fourth, the measures used were self-reported, which may be influenced by social desirability or contextual biases, though validated instruments were applied. Moreover, the study did not account for attendance or absences, which could subtly affect exposure to the intervention. Neither were socio-economic background, prior dance experience or cultural familiarity with Philippine dances measured, all of which might shape receptivity to the intervention. Furthermore, although gender distribution was relatively balanced, participants represented a culturally homogeneous group from a single regional context, which may limit generalizability to more diverse cultural or gender-based populations where dance traditions and 66 Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies 2026, Vol.13, No. 1, 51-74 http://dx.doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/2791 Copyright 2026 ISSN: 2149-1291 engagement patterns differ. Lastly, although the study was designed with an adequate sample size determined during planning, no post-hoc power analysis was conducted, consistent with statistical recommendations against retrospective power estimation (Hoenig & Heisey, 2001). These limitations provide avenues for refining future studies and ensuring stronger internal and external validity.

    ‘What’s in a step if not a story?’ Cultivating Individual Interest and Engagement in Philippine Traditional Dance for Cultural Continuity: A Quasi-Experimental Study in Physical Education · 2026 · DOI

  • Our investigation surfaces a framework for the understanding of Chinese and Vietnamese fan dances, design recommendations to ensure a NIME is situated within individual and community understandings of importance and cultural identity, and finally a prototype NIME enacting some of these principles through one specific set of mappings. Since this paper, additional participatory design and evalua- tion with the community has been conducted. This and discus- sions from interviews have revealed many other possible and more complex schemes for both interaction and sonification, ranging from altering and directly manipulating the sound of backing tracks to generating all music—rhythmic, melodic, and harmonic—from the fan dance with no backing track. While our initial exploration features only a small set of mappings fit into the most natural schema of traditional Chinese and Vietnamese dance—the fan as a generator of sound effects that accentuate movement—future work would explore these additional sonifi- cation schemes while taking more complete advantage over the affordances of the fan, including the potentiometer as well as other potentially new interaction points mentioned by some of our interlocutors. Physical refinement and in-depth evaluations of the current system are also critical to the success of this NIME as an instru- ment cocreated by these communities of practice. Understanding how both dancers and audience members understand a com- plete cultural performance created with the NIME, beyond initial demonstrations and improvised choreography, is necessary to evaluate how well such a system mediates fan dance as intangible cultural heritage.

    Interactive Fan Dance: Towards a Community-Informed, Culturally Situated Interactive Dance Instrument · 2026 · DOI

  • The RaZa tap-dancing technique aims to develop muscular strength endurance, and coordination fundamental to traditional Mexican dance; however few studies have evaluated its physiological effects.

    Efecto de un programa de fuerza y resistencia en bailarines de Técnica RaZa: ensayo clínico · 2026 · DOI

  • Both passion and disordered eating attitudes (DEA) have been associated with increased injury risk among dancers, yet their interplay remains unclear.

    The association between passion, disordered eating attitudes, and self-reported injuries among pre-professional contemporary and ballet dancers · 2026 · DOI

  • While this study provides strong evidence for the efficacy of the Digital Sutra framework, it is important to acknowledge its limitations. First, the study was conducted at a single university in China with a specific cohort of dance majors. Future research should seek to validate these findings across different cultural contexts, educational levels, and dance genres. Second, the 12-week duration of the intervention, while aligned with an academic semester, provides only a snapshot of the learning process. A longitudinal study would offer deeper insights into the long-term impact on skill retention and artistic development. Technologically, while the platform was robust, participants did note occasional technical glitches. Future iterations should focus on improving the seamlessness of the user experience, particularly in the VR environment, and expanding the repertoire of available dances. Furthermore, the AI feedback system, while effective for form and precision, could be enhanced to provide feedback on more qualitative aspects of performance, such as movement quality and expressivity, which remains a significant challenge in computational dance analysis (Aristidou et al. 2015). Future research should also explore the potential for such platforms to serve as tools for choreographic innovation and cross-cultural collaboration, allowing artists to interact with and reinterpret archived movements in creative ways. Finally, the question of public access and the ethical considerations of digitizing ICH warrant further investigation to ensure that these digital archives empower source communities and promote cultural equity (Blake 2009).

    The integration of innovative dance education models with the preservation of traditional dance through digital platforms · 2026 · DOI

  • The following limitations should be acknowledged. First, the tool used to collect data assesses perfectionism as a per- sonality trait and does not reflect manifestations of social behavior (socially prescribed perfectionism). In addition, all participants were amateur dancers, while the survey included individuals who engage in specific types of dance (GTD, classical ballet, contemporary, and Latin dance). Furthermore, the use of the Google Form online platform for data collection may have excluded individuals who did not have access to the internet or were not familiar with its use. Moreover, the validation was conducted exclusively with adult amateur dancers; therefore, the applicability of the Greek SAPS to professional or pre-professional dancers remains to be examined. In the present study, measure- ment invariance across dance styles and age groups was not tested, and future research should investigate whether the scale operates equivalently across different dance forms and life stages. Finally, the study focused primarily on structural valid- ity and internal consistency, whereas other forms of valid- ity, such as discriminant and criterion validity, were not examined and should be addressed in subsequent research. Although multiple dance forms were included to enhance representativeness within organized amateur dance set- tings, potential differences between dance genres were not examined; thus, future research should investigate whether perfectionism manifests differently across specific dance 7 styles and whether the factorial structure remains invariant across dance genres.

    Structural validation of the Short Almost Perfect Scale (SAPS) among adult amateur dancers in Greece: Exploring sex and age differences · 2026 · DOI

  • The framework proposes that AI-driven pose analysis and motion capture apps can provide automated feedback on posture and alignment, but does not address whether these tools are culturally calibrated for Indian classical dance aesthetics or validated for accuracy in this context.

    Designing a Hybrid Gurukul–Digital Pedagogy for Indian Classical Dance Education: A Conceptual Framework Integrating Tradition, Embodied Learning, and Digital Innovation · 2026 · DOI

  • The paper recommends digital tool selection guided by TPACK framework but does not validate which specific tools (LMS, AI-driven pose analysis, VR modules) actually work effectively for teaching Indian classical dance or how they perform in low-bandwidth/resource-constrained Indian school environments.

    Designing a Hybrid Gurukul–Digital Pedagogy for Indian Classical Dance Education: A Conceptual Framework Integrating Tradition, Embodied Learning, and Digital Innovation · 2026 · DOI

  • The mentor allocation model assumes manageable ratios (e.g., 1 mentor per 10 students) and digital literacy training for teachers, but lacks data on actual resource availability, mentor training effectiveness, or mentor burnout rates in Indian school contexts.

    Designing a Hybrid Gurukul–Digital Pedagogy for Indian Classical Dance Education: A Conceptual Framework Integrating Tradition, Embodied Learning, and Digital Innovation · 2026 · DOI

  • Research into implicit leadership theories has proliferated over the past 40 years, but no studies have assessed the specific context of the dance and dance education sector.

    Examining implicit leadership theories in a dance and dance education context · 2025 · DOI

  • Applying sociological approaches to assessing the level of creativity of improvisations (solo and group), we can conclude about the emergent nature of the group improvisation, because collective interaction during dance improvisation is not limited to a simple sum of individual creative manifestations.

    Improvisation in choreography: historical-chronological and social perspectives · 2022 · DOI

  • The findings demonstrate that whilst commonly exploited for choreographic gains, the health risks and experience of GJH are not understood in the professional dance environment.

    Is the health risk and consequence of generalised joint hypermobility understood within a classical ballet narrative? Concerns for dance practitioners · 2021 · DOI

  • Until now, this aspect remains unexplored; however, this is of great importance, particularly if we take into consideration that from the Hellenistic period onwards theatrical automata and processions with engineered artefacts were considered to be a popular entertainmentmechanism and, as such, they exerted great influence on the public's aesthetic.

    Some Thoughts on the Mechanical Features of Pantomime Dancers · 2019 · DOI

  • Olivera Mladenović received her BA both in Yugoslav Literature and Serbian Language with the Old Church Slavonic Language, and in Ethnological Studies, while also receiving a PhD in the latter in 1965, because she considered that ethnology was important for further study of folk dances.

    Olivera Mladenovic and folk dances in the context of Serbian ethnology · 2018 · DOI

  • Future research should explore the interactions among social, psychological and biological factors during puberty in adolescent ballet dancers in order to document important determinants of adaptive responses at puberty and to inform future endeavours aimed at promoting healthy pubertal transitions among young dancers.

    Understanding growth and maturation in the context of ballet: a biocultural approach · 2017 · DOI

  • In order to address this gap in the evidence, this paper reports on a recent survey of dance practitioners (n = 198) living and working in Yorkshire, the largest county in England, on what they consider to be the most important aspects of dance teaching in schools, as well as their own capabilities in teaching this subject.

    Dance education: an examination of practitioners’ perceptions in secondary schools and the necessity for teachers skilled in the pedagogy and content of dance · 2009 · DOI

  • Further research into the integration of D/MT techniques with safe holding procedures may prove helpful in the challenge of making restraints safer for both children and adults.

    Using Dance/Movement Therapy to Augment the Effectiveness of Therapeutic Holding with Children · 2005 · DOI

  • Although DMT is growing in terms of numbers of practitioners and client populations, only very limited information is available concerning the theoretical bases and principles underlying the practice of DMT, as well as the backgrounds of therapists.

    Dance Movement Therapy in the UK: A Field Emerging from Dance Education · 2001 · DOI

  • In this sense, the club functioned not only as a relational space for participation, but also as a subtle form of cultural resistance and recognition within a school environment where some students felt their identities and cultural experiences were insufficiently represented.

    Beyond Recruitment: Developing Relational Pathways for Participation Through a Dance Club in Critical Engaging Participatory Action Research · 2026 · DOI

  • However, these roles are rarely explored in depth or adequately theorized, which limits our understanding of how older adults take on such expert roles.

    Creative aging and lifelong learning through singing+: A scoping review · 2026 · DOI

  • While the hip is turnout’s main contributor, the coordinated roles of the knee and ankle remain unclear under dynamic and aerial tasks, such as jumps.

    Hip Dominance and Distal Compensation in Turnout Control During Ballet Jumps: Multi-Joint Strategies Across Landing Conditions · 2026 · DOI

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