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Open research questions in Gender Studies in Language

62 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 2,296 Gender Studies in Language papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • In summary, due to the limited research on gender in the Arabic language, this study aims to encourage further exploration of language and gender within Arabic contexts, promoting the investigation of new aspects of the relationship between the Arabic language and gender through phonological, semantic, and syntactic perspectives.

    A Critical Discourse Analysis of Gender Representation in the Language of Independence Day’s Speeches Delivered by King Abdullah II ibn Al Hussein · 2026 · DOI

  • To overcome inequality and disparity in gender representation in textbooks, content developers, should policy makers, collaborate for joint venture for equitable gender representation in textbooks fostering inclusivity and egalitarianism for both the genders. The language of the textbooks should not only reinforce existing practices for gender stereotypes in the textbooks, rather it should challenge traditional and reconstruct/transverse them to cope with the emerging challenges of globalization. Wherever transformation is taking place in society, textbooks should be updated to be aligned with the emerging trends in society. gender roles REFERENCES Ahmed, L. (1992). Women and gender in Islam: Historical roots of a modern debate. Yale University Press. Butler, J. (1990). Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. New York: Routledge. Volume 4, Issue 6, 2026 Cameron, D. (2005). Language, gender, and sexuality: Current issues and new directions. Applied Linguistics, 26(4), 482– 502. Eckert, P., and McConnell-Ginet, S. (2013). Language and gender (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. Gee, J. P. (1990). Social linguistics and literacies: Ideology in discourses. Falmer Press. Hussain, I. (1999).

    GENDER REPRESENTATION: A CASE STUDY OF GRADE VI ENGLISH TEXTBOOK · 2026 · DOI

  • Based on the findings of the study, future researchers may consider including a wider range of participants in terms of age, gender identity, institutional affiliation, and teaching experience to obtain broader perspectives regarding gender-responsive language assessment practices. Educational institutions may provide continuous seminars, workshops, and professional development programs focusing on gender-responsive language assessment, inclusive language use, and equitable classroom communication practices. These initiatives may help strengthen teachers’ competencies in designing fair and inclusive English language assessments. Schools and administrators may also strengthen collaborative professional learning communities where English faculty may exchange strategies, assessment materials, and inclusive pedagogical practices that support communication competence and learner participation. Institutional policies and classroom assessment guidelines may further integrate gender-responsive and inclusive assessment principles to sustain equitable learning environments in English language education. Lastly, educational leaders and policymakers may review, adopt, and implement the proposed policy brief to strengthen institutional support for gender-responsive language assessment practices and inclusive communication environments in higher education institutions. REFERENCES Al-Akbari, S., Nikolov, M., & Hódi, Á. (2024). EFL teachers’ language assessment literacy training needs: The role of 1-9. factors. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 11(1), contextual individual https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101254 and Bastida Jr, E. L., Abargos, J. A., De Lara, R. B. R., Saysi, J. G., Geronimo, J. M. S., Kim, R. A., & Añonuevo, B. M. (2025). The construction of gender-responsive classrooms in a higher education institution: An exploration of teachers’ situated knowledge, pedagogical practices, and common challenges in promoting gender equality. Indonesian Journal of Social Sciences, 17(2), 104-119. https://doi.org/10.20473/ijss.v17i2.64424 Beach, P., Minuk, A., & Favret, E. (2022). Teachers' self-directed online learning strategies and experiences: A longitudinal study. Online Learning, 26(4), 5-30. https://doi.org/10.24059/olj.v26i4.3441 Bem, S. L. (1981). Gender schema theory: A cognitive account of sex typing. Psychological Review, 88(4), 354– 364. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.88.4.354 68 International Journal of Language, English Studies, Translation, and Communication Research (IJLESTCR) Chen, K., Gao, Y., Zhou, J., Chen, N., Amiri, F., Khodi, A., & Rakhimova, N. (2025). Inclusive language testing for migrant and global learners: Theory meets practice in English-mediated instruction.

    English faculty’s challenges, strategies, and practices in designing gender-responsive language assessments · 2026 · DOI

  • The language of profeminist men is relatively under-researched compared to that of antifeminist men, and so this article explores the salient topics of r/MensLib, the specific language used within the community and how r/MensLib orient themselves to feminism.

    The Language of Profeminist Men Online: A Corpus Linguistic Analysis · 2025 · DOI

  • For the paper a large heritage corpus of texts on mountaineering (Alpenwort – Corpus of the Austrian Alpine Club Journal) is explored, which constitutes a type of discourse that has yet rarely been studied in the abovementioned fields.

    Women, Who Climb - A Corpus Linguistic Tour Description with Potential Danger Zones · 2023 · DOI

  • Future research will demand ever broader approaches – in particular, I call for investigations of the sociolinguistic life of understudied speakers, such as regional Japanese speakers, to examine how they understand linguistic gender norms and deploy a wide variety of linguistic and other semiotic resources for styling diverse forms of gender and sexual identity in situated practice.

    Japanese language and gender research · 2021 · DOI

  • We contend that (mis-/under-)representations of gender and sexuality in locally-produced ELT materials in an under-researched context like Turkey is a highly sensitive matter since the constructs of gender and sexuality still remain at the crux of socio-educational debates.

    (Mis-/Under-)Representations of Gender and Sexuality in Locally-Produced ELT Materials · 2020 · DOI

  • To date, only a few studies (Brusokaitė and Verikaitė-Gaigalienė 2015) have focused on gender representation in teaching materials used in Lithuania; moreover, teaching materials other than textbooks remain underexplored.

    Cleaning mums and brave policemen: gender representation and gender-inclusive language in EFL teaching materials in Lithuania · 2019 · DOI

  • Are Digital Humanities and World Literature establishing themselves as fields utilizing analytical tools that are at odds with the aims and perspectives of feminist literary history and reception history as a part of literary history? We argue that gender research and theory is insufficiently developed in both computational literary history and World Literature.

    Gender and Vernaculars in Digital Humanities and World Literature · 2017 · DOI

  • , student)? Though much has been written on the subject of the use of the generic masculine, singular they, and he or she constructions in published works, and other studies have looked at how English speakers process and interpret the aforementioned pronouns in writing, few studies have researched the use of these pronouns in free response to questions including a singular, genderless referent.

    Singular<i>they</i>: An Empirical Study of Generic Pronoun Use · 2016 · DOI

  • While studies of the interplay of language use and gendered identity have pointed to the complex interactions between the two, and while researchers have similarly considered the ways in which endangered languages of heritage serve as resources in the construction of identity in communities focused on language revitalization, the intersection of these two fields of study has only rarely been examined.

    Gender and endangered languages: Intersections · 2013 · DOI

  • Our ethnographic analysis of multilingual data from Palau presented here demonstrates that function as well as form are important in understanding seemingly paradoxical examples of language shift, as well as highlighting the need both for further research on the effects of gender in multilingual communities and the combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis in studies of language change.

    Investigating the sociolinguistic gender paradox in a multilingual community: A case study from the Republic of Palau · 2003 · DOI

  • Yet whether GIL actually reduces gender expectations remains empirically underexplored.

    Neural Evidence That Gender-Inclusive Language Attenuates Automatic Gender Predictions · 2026 · DOI

  • Therefore, the findings are limited to a specific regional and cultural context and may not be transferable to different socio-cultural settings.

    Manifestations of Social Gender Stereotypes in Preschool Children · 2026 · DOI

  • Preliminary validation confirms its reliability and usefulness, thus opening the way for further research into the dynamics and content of contemporary stereotypes.

    Scale for Measuring Gender Stereotypes: Construction and Preliminary Validation · 2025 · DOI

  • In Lithuania, while discussions on gender mainstreaming in general education have already been ongoing for more than a decade, in higher education, the process has been limited to the development of gender equality plans, without any clearly developed programmes, methodologies or tools.

    Communicating Gender Mainstreaming in University Curricula: A Case Study · 2025 · DOI

  • In particular, the extent to which recent children's books have moved away from male-dominated narratives and improved female representation warrants further examination.

    Gendered Discourses in Grade 3 English eBooks on a Digital Library Platform · 2024 · DOI

  • Based on the premise that such representations need to be examined with particular attention to the cultural context within which they exist, this study focuses on the upper-primary mathematics textbooks of the Republic of Cyprus, which are nationally produced and mandatory for all public schools.

    Gender representations in school mathematics: a study of primary textbooks in the Republic of Cyprus · 2024 · DOI

  • Although these solutions are used in some communities, their learnability has not been addressed so far, even though it could be a determining factor in their popularity and their eventual integration into standard French.

    Vowel alternation with final i offers an easy-to-learn morphological option for a sex-blind grammatical gender in French · 2024 · DOI

  • While parenting practices that resist traditional gender norms for children are not new, the advent of “gender-open parenting” in recent years poses a new and understudied phenomenon in childhood socialization.

    “Well<i>Duh</i>, That’s How You Raise a Kid”: Gender-Open Parenting in a (Non)Binary World · 2022 · DOI

  • As the literature is still scarce and inconsistent, the present paper aims to develop a systematic literature review on gender stereotypes attached to technology (virtual assistants and robots).

    Is technology gender neutral? A systematic literature review on gender stereotypes attached to artificial intelligence · 2022 · DOI

  • Although in most Spanish-speaking countries, inclusive language has been limited to the realms of activism, gender studies and a certain type of public administration, in Argentina, its use has been extended to different social spheres, mostly urban.

    Linguistic Traces of Subjectivity and Dissent. A Discursive Analysis of Inclusive Language in Argentina · 2021 · DOI

  • Given our findings, we propose further investigation of how using gender-neutral pronouns for everyone in specific contexts can advance progressive activists’ goals.

    A Little Word That Means A Lot: A Reassessment of Singular <i>They</i> in a New Era of Gender Politics · 2021 · DOI

  • This fact lets us hope for the further study of the gender issue in the language teaching technique, namely at the level of syntax and text linguistics.

    Gender Issue in the Ukrainian Language Teaching Techniques · 2020 · DOI

  • Misogyny is not understood in terms of the hostility that men feel towards women, but rather in terms of the hostility that women face in a patriarchal social order whenever they attempt to break with their historically oppressed role.

    Down Girl: The Logic of Misogyny · 2020 · DOI

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62 open questions have been extracted from the limitations and future-work passages of 2,296 Gender Studies in Language papers in our library. Each one below links back to the study that raised it, so you can read the original claim in context.

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