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Open research questions in Global Peace and Security Dynamics

227 gap statements mined from Global Peace and Security Dynamics papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 3,344 papers on the topic — drawn mostly from each paper's own stated research gap, future-work, challenge and limitation notes, and its abstract. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one.

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What the literature leaves open

  • The scope of this study is limited to the Libya intervention of 2011 as an important example of the Responsibility to Protect under international law.

    The Responsibility to Protect (R2P): An Analysis of the Libya Intervention (2011) · 2026 · DOI

  • Future research could focus on the implementation of ECOWAS's protocol on democracy and good governance. Future research could also explore the impact of ECOWAS's principle on unconstitutional change of government on democratic consolidation in West Africa.

    The Resurgence of Military Coups in West Africa: Interrogating ECOWAS’s Stance on Unconstitutional Change of Government · 2026 · DOI

  • The paper highlights the need for a reevaluation of ECOWAS's protocol on democracy and good governance.

    The Resurgence of Military Coups in West Africa: Interrogating ECOWAS’s Stance on Unconstitutional Change of Government · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a need to examine the GHF's operations in light of international humanitarian law, - The study identifies a gap in the literature on the weaponisation of humanitarian aid.

    Not humanitarian at all?: The Gaza humanitarian foundation and the weaponisation of aid under international law · 2026 · DOI

  • The paper argues that a deeper understanding of the logics of enemy construction is needed. The paper seeks to address this gap by examining the rhetorical strategies used by the German-speaking far right.

    Rettung als Ausdruck kultureller Selbstaufgabe? · 2026 · DOI

  • The study highlights the need for further research on the exceptions to the general prohibition on the use of force in international law.

    Use of force in international law and breaches of international treaties · 2026 · DOI

  • Even after twenty years of the formal introduction of the R2P principle and its almost universal acceptance in the UN General Assembly, its individual components remain unclear and inconclusive, primarily from a legal perspective.

    SOME CONSIDERATIONS ON THE RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT: CAN THE PRINCIPLE ˝R2P˝ REINFORCE PRE-EXISTING OBLIGATIONS OF STATES UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW? · 2026 · DOI

  • The conflict in Syria has led to a complex and dynamic humanitarian crisis. The study highlights the challenges of addressing humanitarian crises in conflict areas. The study identifies the need for effective strategies for non-state actors to address humanitarian crises.

    Dinamika Non-State Actors dalam Penanganan Keamanan Insani (Human Security) di Wilayah Konflik: Peran ICRC di Suriah · 2026 · DOI

  • The study highlights the need for further research on the application of Human Security Theory in conflict areas.

    Dinamika Non-State Actors dalam Penanganan Keamanan Insani (Human Security) di Wilayah Konflik: Peran ICRC di Suriah · 2026 · DOI

  • The need to balance the principle of peace with the need for security. The challenge of obtaining consent from the territorial State.

    Il principio della pace e le missioni militari internazionali in Africa: consenso, uso della forza e sicurezza multilivello nel diritto internazionale · 2026 · DOI

  • The lack of clarity on the qualification and legitimacy of international military missions in Africa. The need to understand the role of consent in the legitimacy of international military missions. The need to examine the limits of the use of force in international military missions.

    Il principio della pace e le missioni militari internazionali in Africa: consenso, uso della forza e sicurezza multilivello nel diritto internazionale · 2026 · DOI

  • The challenges include the complexity of the conflict, the fragmentation of armed groups, and the challenges of collecting data in a conflict zone. The challenges also include the need to balance the military component's activities with the need to support the peace process and protect civilians.

    Melampaui Force Protection: Bagaimana Komponen Militer PBB Memungkinkan Implementasi Proses Perdamaian di Republik Afrika Tengah · 2026 · DOI

  • Future research should explore the causal mechanisms between the military component's activities and the implementation of the peace process. Future research should examine the effectiveness of different types of peacekeeping missions in supporting the peace process. Future research should consider the role of other factors, such as political will and economic development, in supporting the peace process.

    Melampaui Force Protection: Bagaimana Komponen Militer PBB Memungkinkan Implementasi Proses Perdamaian di Republik Afrika Tengah · 2026 · DOI

  • The study highlights the need for a more nuanced understanding of the tension between sovereignty and solidarity.

    Between Sovereignty and Solidarity: Reconciling International Law with Emerging Norms in a Multipolar World · 2026 · DOI

  • The lack of accountability and legitimacy in the Security Council's decision-making process.

    LAW, POWER, AND PARALYSIS: THE STRUCTURAL FAILURE OF THE UN SECURITY COUNCIL IN THE UKRAINE AND PALESTINE CONFLICTS · 2026 · DOI

  • There is a need for a comparative legal analysis of the mandates of the United Nations and NATO. The differences in legal design and operational effectiveness between the two organizations are not well understood.

    Comparative legal analysis of UN and NATO mandates in the settlement of contemporary armed conflicts: from theory to practice · 2026 · DOI

  • The paper highlights the need for a multidimensional approach to analyze U.S. engagement in Cameroon.

    U.S. Geopolitical Interests in Cameroon: A Multidimensional Analysis through the Lens of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism · 2026 · DOI

  • Future research should focus on developing strategies to prevent, combat, and eradicate the illicit trade in small and light arms. It should also examine the effectiveness of regional disarmament protocols and arms tracing systems in stemming illicit proliferation.

    THE DYNAMICS OF SMALL AND LIGHT ARMS IN MIGRATION AND DISPLACEMENT IN AFRICA SINCE THE 1990s: THE WEST AFRICA EXPERIENCE · 2026 · DOI

  • It highlights the need for research on the causes and effects of this proliferation and its implications for policy decisions.

    THE DYNAMICS OF SMALL AND LIGHT ARMS IN MIGRATION AND DISPLACEMENT IN AFRICA SINCE THE 1990s: THE WEST AFRICA EXPERIENCE · 2026 · DOI

  • International law has not developed a methodology for evaluating cumulative effects of sub-threshold measures. The effectiveness of legal guard rails depends primarily on political enforceability. Violations of the duty of non-intervention often remain without concrete sanction.

    Strategic Diplomacy in the 21st Century: International Legal Boundaries and Spaces of Action for State Actors in the Age of Hybrid Conflicts · 2026 · DOI

  • The study examines the crisis of legitimacy surrounding humanitarian intervention.

    From Humanitarian Intervention to the Responsibility to Protect: Normative Evolution, Political Selectivity and The Crisis of Implementation · 2026 · DOI

  • GAO-25-107077, at 14 (documenting State and DoD interpretation of "assistance" as limited to appropriated grant funds, excluding FMS/DCS from Leahy vetting requirements).

    Selling Arms, Waiving Rights: The Structural Failure of US Human Rights Law in Weapons Transfers · 2026 · DOI

  • The international community's failure to prevent atrocities generated significant criticism regarding the effectiveness of international responses to mass violence. The Libya intervention presents a mixed picture regarding the effectiveness of R2P.

    The Responsibility to Protect (R2P): An Analysis of the Libya Intervention (2011) · 2026 · DOI

  • The need to strengthen the Responsibility to Protect framework - The need to create an independent enforcement body to minimize political…

    International law and organizations, such as the ICC, ICJ or the UN Security Council, are often unable to prevent genocide and war crimes effectively · 2026 · DOI

  • The paper identifies the challenge of understanding the complex and nuanced ways in which the far right constructs enmity. The paper also identifies the challenge of developing effective counter-narratives to the far right's illiberal interpretations of democracy and European identity. The paper notes the challenge of addressing the gap in the existing literature on the far right's construction of enmity.

    Rettung als Ausdruck kultureller Selbstaufgabe? · 2026 · DOI

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Open questions raised by papers listed on this page include: (1) Future research could focus on the implementation of ECOWAS's protocol on democracy and good governance (“The Resurgence of Military Coups in West Africa: Interrogating ECOWAS’s Stance…”, 2026); (2) There is a need to examine the GHF's operations in light of international humanitarian law, - The study identifies a gap in the literature on the weaponisation of humanitarian aid (“Not humanitarian at all?: The Gaza humanitarian foundation and the…”, 2026); (3) The paper argues that a deeper understanding of the logics of enemy construction is needed (“Rettung als Ausdruck kultureller Selbstaufgabe?”, 2026); (4) Even after twenty years of the formal introduction of the R2P principle and its almost universal acceptance in the UN General Assembly, its individual components remain unclear and inconclusive, primarily from a legal perspective (“SOME CONSIDERATIONS ON THE RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT: CAN THE PRINCIPLE ˝R2P˝…”, 2026); (5) The lack of clarity on the qualification and legitimacy of international military missions in Africa (“Il principio della pace e le missioni militari internazionali in Africa:…”, 2026). 227 gap statements have been mined from Global Peace and Security Dynamics papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 3,344 papers on the topic; the gaps come from whichever of those papers state one. They are mostly the research gaps the authors state and the papers' abstracts, plus future-work, limitations and challenges passages. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one, so you can read the original claim in context.

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