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Open research questions in Global Educational Policies and Reforms

1,727 gap statements mined from Global Educational Policies and Reforms papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 22,333 papers on the topic — drawn mostly from each paper's own stated research gap, future-work, challenge and limitation notes, and its abstract. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one.

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What the literature leaves open

  • The study identifies a gap in understanding how AI-enabled curriculum reform is governed and implemented through platform-mediated actor-network translation. There is a need to examine the complex relationships among education authorities, colleges, teachers, students, employers, and AI learning platforms.

    From policy framing to platform routines: AI-integrated curriculum reform in higher vocational education · 2026 · DOI

  • It argues that the current efforts to close the education gap are based on flawed premises. The gap in the understanding of the natural emergence of education gaps due to differentiation is also identified.

    The Ill-Thought-Through Aim to Eliminate the Education Gap across the Socio-Economic Spectrum · 2024 · DOI

  • The study identifies a gap in the understanding of how the pandemic has reconfigured schools’ educational priorities. The study highlights the need to consider schooling wholistically, in all of its complexity. The study identifies a gap in the understanding of how teachers’ professional practices were affected by the pandemic.

    Democratisation and Educational Inclusion during Lockdown Times: Perceptions of Portuguese Teachers · 2024 · DOI

  • Prior critiques of the vulnerability zeitgeist have not historicized safety as a technology of power. The book fills a gap in understanding the connection between safety discourses and neoliberalism.

    Review of The Safetyfication of Education: Neoliberalism, Psychopolitics and the End of Critical Education, by Marta Estellés · 2026 · DOI

  • Consequently, the results are not generalisable but serve as a critical case study with international relevance, given the shared challenges facing adult education systems globally, underscoring the need for further research into principals’ enactment strategies across diverse adult education settings and contexts.

    Principals’ enactment strategies: enacting education based on scientific foundation and proven experience in Swedish adult education · 2026 · DOI

  • Future research should explore the impact of the 'school improvement industry' on educational change. Researchers should study the ways in which educators resist private forces and reclaim their power in educational change. The paper suggests that future research should focus on teacher-led reform and its potential to shape the future of education.

    The school improvement industry, resistance, and prophecy: Notes on the state of educational change and its future · 2026 · DOI

  • The paper identifies a gap in the current state of educational change, where influential outsiders have increasingly gained the spotlight. The author argues that educators have consistently been relegated to the dark and sharp edges of change.

    The school improvement industry, resistance, and prophecy: Notes on the state of educational change and its future · 2026 · DOI

  • While rich in macro-political insight, it leaves the micro-level dynamics of classroom and community practices underexplored, including how language is negotiated, resisted, or reinterpreted in everyday pedagogical settings thus limiting its empirical resonance with lived linguistic realities.

    Mohammed Errihani: Language, Power, and the Economics of Education in Morocco.Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2023, xix + 140 pp, Hb £129.99, ISBN 978-3-031-51593-4 · 2026 · DOI

  • The lack of stakeholder participation and limited ability to adapt to changing conditions. The misalignment between institutional practices and pedagogical goals in schools.

    Sociocracy as a Human-Centered School Organization Model · 2026 · DOI

  • The lack of inclusive, flexible, and responsive decision-making processes in traditional school structures.

    Sociocracy as a Human-Centered School Organization Model · 2026 · DOI

  • The study notes that evaluating teacher training programs is challenging due to the need to assess their effectiveness, efficiency, relevance, and sustainability. The study highlights the challenge of integrating sustainable development principles into educational practice. The study also notes the challenge of developing more effective and sustainable teacher training programs.

    Mapping Global Trends in the Evaluation of Elementary School Teacher Training Programs: A Bibliometric Analysis · 2026 · DOI

  • The study suggests future research directions, including the evaluation of AI-based teacher training programs and the integration of sustainable development principles into educational practice. The study highlights the need for more research on teacher digital competence, student health and well-being, and preservice training.

    Mapping Global Trends in the Evaluation of Elementary School Teacher Training Programs: A Bibliometric Analysis · 2026 · DOI

  • To some degree, Jia disagrees that there is a lack of resources available for elementary teachers on economic inequality.

    Undoing Neoclassical Economics in Elementary School: Three New York City Classrooms and the Teaching of Class Division · 2026 · DOI

  • It highlights the need for a framework that shifts the narrative from remediation to systemic redesign.

    Educational Policy and Legislation Reform Grounded in Invitational Education · 2026 · DOI

  • The concept of quality is explored as a central theme, highlighting the need for further research.

    Utbildningspolitisk styrning och professionellt handlingsutrymme · 2026 · DOI

  • National assessment can be harmful to students. Care ethics is underexplored in the context of national assessment. Educators face ethical dilemmas in relation to national assessment.

    Omsorgsetik i forskning och praktik · 2026 · DOI

  • Future research should explore the development of a pedagogical Hippocratic oath. Future research should investigate the application of care ethics in national assessment.

    Omsorgsetik i forskning och praktik · 2026 · DOI

  • The lack of differentiation between culture, nation, and society in educational debates. The need to address cultural complexity beyond national frames.

    Editorial. Beyond National Frames: Education and Cultural Complexity in Europe · 2026 · DOI

  • The study identifies challenges such as job insecurity, professional disregard, and lack of support for teachers involved in private tutoring. The research highlights the need for policymakers to consider the intricate and extensive nature of shadow education.

    “We have stolen our kids’ childhood”: parents’ and teachers’ perspectives on shadow education in Kazakhstan · 2026 · DOI

  • The study acknowledges the challenges of obtaining data on private tuition, as some instructors and parents are unwilling to provide information. The research design is limited to a qualitative approach, with a relatively small sample size.

    “We have stolen our kids’ childhood”: parents’ and teachers’ perspectives on shadow education in Kazakhstan · 2026 · DOI

  • The author argues that the decisive variable is not where ideas move but when they take shape, accelerate, and congeal.

    Book Review: Time in Education Policy Transfer: The Seven Temporalities of Global School Reform · 2026 · DOI

  • This article examines the inequality of educational outcomes using data from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) from 2000 through 2018. We analyzed long-term trends in educational inequality to assess changes experienced by participant countries.

    Inequality of educational outcomes: A comparative analysis of national trends based on data from PISA, 2000–2018 · 2026 · DOI

  • Further research could explore the long-term effects of the pandemic on educational priorities, - Research could investigate the impact of the pandemic on educational inequality in different contexts, - Studies could examine the effectiveness of different strategies for mitigating social inequality…

    Democratisation and Educational Inclusion during Lockdown Times: Perceptions of Portuguese Teachers · 2024 · DOI

  • Investigating the social aspects that can modulate the education gap - Understanding the magnitude of the unfair contributions of the education…

    The Ill-Thought-Through Aim to Eliminate the Education Gap across the Socio-Economic Spectrum · 2024 · DOI

  • The paper identifies a gap in understanding how to initiate and sustain school-to-school improvement networks in diverse international cultural and policy contexts.

    Correction: Educational networks as catalysts for cultural change: a tale of two systems · 2026 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Global Educational Policies and Reforms

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Open questions raised by papers listed on this page include: (1) There is a need to examine the complex relationships among education authorities, colleges, teachers, students, employers, and AI learning platforms (“From policy framing to platform routines: AI-integrated curriculum reform in…”, 2026); (2) Future research should explore the impact of the 'school improvement industry' on educational change (“The school improvement industry, resistance, and prophecy: Notes on the state…”, 2026); (3) The lack of stakeholder participation and limited ability to adapt to changing conditions (“Sociocracy as a Human-Centered School Organization Model”, 2026); (4) To some degree, Jia disagrees that there is a lack of resources available for elementary teachers on economic inequality (“Undoing Neoclassical Economics in Elementary School: Three New York City…”, 2026); (5) Future research should explore the development of a pedagogical Hippocratic oath (“Omsorgsetik i forskning och praktik”, 2026). 1,727 gap statements have been mined from Global Educational Policies and Reforms papers in our 7.9M-paper local library, which holds 22,333 papers on the topic; the gaps come from whichever of those papers state one. They are mostly the research gaps the authors state and the papers' abstracts, plus future-work, limitations and challenges passages. The ones listed below are a selection still marked open; each names the study that raised it, with a DOI link where the paper has one, so you can read the original claim in context.

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