Open research questions in Hand Gesture Recognition Systems
135 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 407 Hand Gesture Recognition Systems papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.
What the literature leaves open
The study uses a limited dataset, - The evaluation is a 28-word closed-set task, - The study does not compare the performance of the proposed method with other state-of-the-art methods
Investigation of Word Recognition Methods for Japanese Fingerspelling Using Large Language Models · 2026 · DOIInvestigating the performance of the proposed method on larger datasets, - Comparing the performance of the proposed method with other state-of-the-art methods, - Exploring the application of the proposed method to other sign languages
Investigation of Word Recognition Methods for Japanese Fingerspelling Using Large Language Models · 2026 · DOIResearch on translating sign languages from high-income nations has grown significantly, but little is known about translating sign languages from Africa.
Finally, open challenges such as achieving robust recognition in real-world environments, handling occlusions, ensuring generalization across diverse users, and addressing computational efficiency for real-time applications are highlighted to guide future research directions.
However, GCN methods have been rarely studied for hand gesture recognition (HGR) using surface electromyography (sEMG) because it is challenging to define a reliable topology across implicit muscle networks.
Hand Gesture Recognition From Surface Electromyography Signals With Graph Convolutional Network and Attention Mechanisms · 2025 · DOIOur review assesses the efficacy of HGR systems through their recognition accuracy and identifies a gap in research on continuous gesture recognition, indicating the need for improved vision-based gesture systems.
A Methodological and Structural Review of Hand Gesture Recognition Across Diverse Data Modalities · 2024 · DOIHowever, there remains a significant gap in the literature regarding the effective recognition of complex scripts, such as Arabic, in real-time applications.
A TinyDL Model for Gesture-Based Air Handwriting Arabic Numbers and Simple Arabic Letters Recognition · 2024 · DOIAutomatically recognizing sign language is still an open challenge since the sign language itself has a complex structure to convey messages.
Individuals with hearing or speech disabilities often encounter difficulties in communication. There is a need for assistive communication technologies to improve accessibility and promote social inclusion.
Many advanced prosthetic and industrial robotic arms are expensive and difficult to customize for research or educational purposes. There is a need for a cost-effective robotic arm system that can serve as a research platform for experimenting with intelligent control techniques.
The current methods for controlling PowerPoint presentations have limitations. There is a need for a more intuitive and engaging method for controlling presentations.
Testing involved only 20 hand movements from a balanced set of male and female subjects with 60 images per gesture; cross-subject validation and cross-dataset evaluation (e.g., testing on external datasets) are absent, limiting generalization assessment for the hand gesture recognition system.
The lack of integration of multiple modalities into a single framework. The need for a cost-effective and widely accessible solution. The requirement for a system that can provide real-time responsiveness and reliability.
The system implements eye landmark detection for zooming and file operations using MediaPipe, but no threshold values, sensitivity parameters, or eye movement classification criteria are documented, making reproducibility and tuning for different users unclear.
The system is limited in low light conditions or when the gestures were made too fast. The accuracy of the swipe gestures would occasionally be poor because of sensitivity to camera motion.
Background filtering, gesture smoothing algorithms, and tuning adaptive threshold can be used to reduce the issues of low light conditions and sensitivity to camera motion.
Implementing advanced techniques such as machine learning to enhance gesture recognition performance. Addressing the limitation of slight variations in sensor readings due to improper finger placement or inconsistent bending.
Smart Gloves for Sign Language to Text Conversion Translation Using Arduino Mega With 8 Flex Sensors · 2026 · DOIThe lack of a common interaction medium between hearing- and speech-impaired individuals and the general population. The limited understanding of sign language among the wider community.
Smart Gloves for Sign Language to Text Conversion Translation Using Arduino Mega With 8 Flex Sensors · 2026 · DOIFurther research can be done to improve the accuracy of the proposed approach. The approach can be applied to other human-computer interaction (HCI) applications.
The range only information is insufficient to reconstruct the MAW trajectory. The previous approaches have error propagation issues.
The risk and inefficiency of sending human personnel to dangerous and inaccessible environments. The need for a low-cost, energy-efficient, and hazardous area monitoring solution. The challenge of detecting and avoiding obstacles in dynamic environments.
Integrating advanced technologies such as GPS tracking and IoT connectivity. Upgrading the system with artificial intelligence for better human recognition and autonomous navigation. Including night vision cameras or infrared sensors to improve operation in low-light conditions.
Future research can focus on improving the accuracy of the system. Future research can explore the use of other machine learning algorithms for hand pose recognition.
Hand Pose Recognition for Activities of daily living tasks using wearable stretchable sensor for Telerehabilitation · 2026 · DOIThere is a need for accurate recognition of hand poses during activities of daily living tasks for monitoring patient progress remotely. Current systems may not be effective for remote physiotherapy support.
Hand Pose Recognition for Activities of daily living tasks using wearable stretchable sensor for Telerehabilitation · 2026 · DOIDeveloping effective sign language recognition systems. Improving the generalizability of sign language recognition systems to other sign languages. Addressing the limited availability of training samples.
Most-cited papers in Hand Gesture Recognition Systems
- Vision-based hand-gesture applications · Communications of the ACM · 2011 · 542 citations
- mm-Pose: Real-Time Human Skeletal Posture Estimation Using mmWave Radars and CNNs · IEEE Sensors Journal · 2020 · 367 citations
- Charade · Communications of the ACM · 1993 · 356 citations
- Real-time computer vision with OpenCV · Communications of the ACM · 2012 · 322 citations
- Latern: Dynamic Continuous Hand Gesture Recognition Using FMCW Radar Sensor · IEEE Sensors Journal · 2018 · 310 citations
- A comparison of sign language and spoken language · Cognition · 1972 · 234 citations
- A Modified LSTM Model for Continuous Sign Language Recognition Using Leap Motion · IEEE Sensors Journal · 2019 · 223 citations
- Self‐Powered Gesture Recognition Wristband Enabled by Machine Learning for Full Keyboard and Multicommand Input · Advanced Materials · 2022 · 211 citations
- Gesture, sign, and language: The coming of age of sign language and gesture studies · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · 2015 · 191 citations
- Recognition of gestures in Arabic sign language using neuro-fuzzy systems · Artificial Intelligence · 2001 · 160 citations
Most recent work
- Visual hand gesture recognition with deep learning: A comprehensive review of methods, datasets, challenges and future research directions · Neurocomputing · 2026
- An efficient real-time spatio-temporal adaptive motion pattern framework for isolated sign language recognition (RT-STAMP-SLR) · Discover Artificial Intelligence · 2026
- mmGes: Coarse-Fine-Grained Feature Fusion for Gesture Recognition via Contact-Less mmWave Sensing · IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing · 2026
- AI-Powered Smart ISL Translator with Voice, Text & Gesture Recognition · IJIREEICE · 2026
- Machine Learning-Based Vision-to-Speech System for Assistive Application · International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology · 2026
- Vision and Voice Controlled Bionic Robotic Arm for Assistive and Research Applications · International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management · 2026
- Real-Time Hand Control for Interactive Presentation · International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology · 2026
- Human Activity Recognition · International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology · 2026
- MOVE, PLAY, ENGAGE - A REAL-TIME MOTION CONTROLLED GAMING PLATFORM · International Scientific Journal of Engineering and Management · 2026
- Gesture-Controlled Home Automation with Mobile Interface for Disabled and Elderly · International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering Hub (IRJAEH) · 2026
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