Open research questions in Homelessness and Social Issues

What the literature leaves open

• Create accountability across organizational structures. 3a. Develop protocols that reduce discretionary decision making to minimize potential bias Getting on the same page is essential and I think the best way to do that is to start from the top, which is the policy. I find it very strange that our policy says one thing and we’re doing something else. So, if we could sit in a setting like this with all staff, review and get to know our policies better, and figure out what works and what doesn’t work, I think that would be a good outcome for the patients that we serve. (Female, Staff FG 2) There’s a lot of work to be done, around rules, around subjective decision making. And, how do you make it there when it’s case by case, or, one person is getting it something and the other person isn’t, I guess [there’s] work to be done there… when a patient feels they’ve been discriminated against, the way our team responds. (Leadership FG) Anywhere you go, there’s going to be unwritten rules. They can give you a booklet just that, with rules and stuff like that. But you always got those rules that’s not written down. (Male, Patient FG 1) It was by accident. It wasn’t intentional. We had a situation where a patient lost a family member. He didn’t really specify. We were thinking it’s mom, ‘cause later on we found out otherwise. But he was allowed to go leave treatment, go to the funeral, and come back. And when he came back, he was bragging about it. Whereas, we had a patient of color who came in earlier than him and also experienced a significant loss. [The Black patient] was asking about going to the funeral for closure and he kinda got lost in translation. So, when he heard that from the other patient that was White, he lost it. (Female, Staff FG 2) 3b. Create mechanisms to involve patients in refining program’s operations I think it would be helpful to hear and collect more information from our Black patients and let – to really determine what it is, where we’re missing the mark [on efforts to improve the program for Black patients]. (Expert Interview 1) The code of conduct that was developed by the community, by the members. So, if anything, we can always point to, well, those are the -- if something is happening in the center that shouldn’t be happening in the center, you just point to the code of conduct. (Expert Interview 5) 4. Increase awareness and responsiveness to trauma. 4a. Embed traumainformed practices at every stage of treatment You have to remember that in a group program, in a group model, that everything that happens to each person happens in some way to everybody else too. (Expert Interview 2) I didn’t like the way they kicked out – they just discharged the Black girl that was in my room …She’s gone, and they might as well said, “Here, get your shit and go.” I was affected by how they got that girl out of there.

  Policy and practice recommendations for residential addiction treatment: a qualitative investigation on increasing equity in treatment for Black patients · 2026 · DOI

• Enhance representation of Black people and people with lived experience in treatment settings. 1a. Hire staff with shared lived experiences to the patient population We were intentional about hiring more diverse staff… I wasn’t the only Black person at the table with my team. And that’s what we did which, oh my God, what a difference. And I remember our conversation like it feels like magic, doesn’t it? But it’s not. It’s intentional. Like this is what intention looks like. (Expert Interview 1) I started to feel comfortable because there was other African Americans here at the same time, whether it was a patient or staff. (Male, Patient FG 1) We have a client here who’s the only woman of color in her room. And there were certain things that she opened up to me about because she felt comfortable, because we can identify with one another… A lot of our patients have trauma already and they feel like in some areas of their life they’ve been discriminated [against]. So, to see somebody that they can identify with and relate with, I think it’s a great thing. (Female, Staff FG 1) But when you meet me, we’re both Blacks, so you’re gonna help me out, I shut down. I don’t like that. I feel like there has to be another way or you need me to help you out because you’re really having a hard time with your recovery. That’s different. It’s not that I’m gonna help you out because you’re Black. No. (Female, Staff FG 2) 1b. Invite Black community members into the program It seems like you rarely see, even when commitments [AA meetings] come in, you would barely see African Americans come in. (Male, Patient FG 1) We sponsor a trip with our residents to Black Nativity. It’s amazing. The way when people come back – and how that was so moving to them. It also helps that our personal trainer that we use, who is an African American man. (Expert Interview 3) 2. Conduct staff trainings to effectively support Black patients in treatment. 2a.

  Policy and practice recommendations for residential addiction treatment: a qualitative investigation on increasing equity in treatment for Black patients · 2026 · DOI

• One limitation of the present study is that this Veteran sample may not be generalizable to the general population given that Veterans often have access to other services that non-Veterans do not; however, it does highlight the need for access to care—particularly primary care—among individu- als residing in rural areas.

  Healthcare Mobility among United States Military Veterans with Experience of Housing Instability · 2026 · DOI

• While this study generated valuable insights into the experiences of hidden homelessness among 2SLGBTQ+ youth, several limitations must be acknowledged to contextualize the findings. First, the findings should be interpreted with caution, as they are not generalizable beyond southern Ontario. The participant group was relatively small and drawn from only three regions in Ontario; therefore, the findings likely reflect the experiences of 2SLGBTQ+ youth experiencing hidden homelessness in urban and suburban parts of southern Ontario but may not extend to more rural or remote contexts. Future research should explore the experiences of hidden homelessness among 2SLGBTQ+ youth in these underrepresented contexts, where access to services is often limited or entirely unavailable, conditions that may contribute to higher rates of hidden homelessness. Second, recruitment was unintentionally limited to youth with access to technology and had the capacity to attend two in-person workshops. Access to a phone or computer was required to complete the online eligibility form and participate in a virtual meeting with study staff for informed consent. As recruitment challenges became apparent, peer researchers helped facilitate access to technology to support eligibility screening. Additionally, to reduce participation barriers, the informed consent process was moved to the beginning of the first workshop. Despite these efforts, access to technology remained a persistent limitation. Future research should address technological barriers proactively and avoid assumptions about participants’ access to digital devices or reliable connectivity. Third, some youth chose not to film themselves or to avoid including potentially identifying visuals, whereas others elected to appear in their cellphilms. This variation underscores both the ethical sensitivity of participatory visual methods and the contextual factors that shape youth participation and representation. While we fully respect participants’ autonomy and trust their capacity to decide whether to include identifiable content, it is also important to recognize that circumstances and comfort levels can change over time, potentially altering how participants view their decisions. Future research should build in 20 | International Journal on Homelessness: https://ijoh.ca Abramovich et al.: Visibilizing Hidden Homelessness opportunities for ongoing dialogue and, where films are to be shared publicly, offer participants options (e.g., blurring or pixelating identifying material) to ensure they retain control over how they are represented.

  Visibilizing Hidden Homelessness: A Youth Participatory Action Research Study with 2SLGBTQ+ Youth in Ontario, Canada · 2026 · DOI

• However, housing stability alone is insufficient to support transitions into adulthood without parallel investment in education, training, and employment (ETE) pathways, income security, and opportunities to rebuild family or natural-support networks.

  Housing First for Youth: A Scoping Review of Facilitators, Barriers, and Outcomes in International Contexts · 2026 · DOI

• homelessness. Youth, 4(2), 820-834. https://doi.org/10.3390/youth4020054 Schwan, K., Gaetz, S., French, D., Redman, M., Thistle, J. A., & Dej, E. (2018). What would it take? Youth across Canada speak out on youth homelessness prevention.

  Preventing the Root Causes of Youth Homelessness Through Cultural and Critical Pedagogies: An Autoethnographic Qualitative Study of Quebec Schools and Institutions Informed by Lived and Professional Experience · 2026 · DOI

• As an autoethnographic qualitative inquiry grounded in one situated lived and professional standpoint, the findings are not intended to be statistically generalizable across all educational contexts. In addition, while the field notes were generated for the purpose of this research, parts of the analysis and the constructed vignettes necessarily involve retrospective reflection and memory. Memory, however, is not treated here as a flaw in the data but as a recognized feature of qualitative inquiry. As Morrison (1984) suggests, the act of “remembering” in research combines memory with critical reflection, allowing researchers to reinterpret past experiences in ways that illuminate broader institutional patterns. Field notes and narrative reconstruction therefore provide insight into how precarity, institutional response, and belonging are experienced over time. Although subjective and interpretive by nature, this approach allows forms of institutional misrecognition, relational care, and structural exclusion to become visible in ways that more detached research designs may overlook.

  Preventing the Root Causes of Youth Homelessness Through Cultural and Critical Pedagogies: An Autoethnographic Qualitative Study of Quebec Schools and Institutions Informed by Lived and Professional Experience · 2026 · DOI

• This study has several strengths that are worth highlighting. Firstly, participants were recruited from a range of services likely to work with people who are homeless or at risk of homelessness, and who have experienced a brain injury at some point in their lives. Secondly, adopting a life course perspective enabled the study to offer a more comprehensive understanding of how homelessness prevention efforts can be situated across the lifespan. Rather than focusing solely on interventions when individuals are already experiencing homelessness, this approach involved engaging sectors that intervene at different stages of life, such as youth protection, health, social, and judicial services. The diversity of the participants is another strength, as we were able to recruit professionals from various fields, such as occupational therapy, neuropsychology, social work, nursing and community work, from several different settings. Another strength is that we brought together health professionals and community workers who are not accustomed to working together regularly, with some even exchanging contact information to continue discussions and establish informal collaborations. This cross- 289 | International Journal on Homelessness: https://ijoh.ca Jubinville et al.: Policy Gaps and Structural Injustices in Care of People Experiencing Homelessness with Acquired Brain Injury sector dialogue fostered a mutual understanding of the realities of providing services and helped to identify concrete ways to improve coordination. One limitation is that participants were only recruited in the urban cities of Montreal and Quebec City. As services, including healthcare and those offered by community organisations, vary greatly from one region to another, barriers can also vary significantly. Another limitation of the study is that it did not explicitly explore intersectional forms of marginalization. While participants discussed stigma related to ABI and homelessness, the ways in which other identities, such as sexual orientation, gender identity, ethnic background and religion, may further shape experiences of stigma and access to services, were not examined specifically.

  “I Feel Powerless”: Frontline Insights Into Policy Gaps and Structural Injustices in the Care of People Experiencing Homelessness with Acquired Brain Injury · 2026 · DOI

• Future research could examine RWB across gender, age, and cultural groups, and employ diverse methodological approaches to get a deeper understanding of the relational processes that contribute to pathways out of homelessness.

  Relational Well-being Experiences of Previously Street Homeless Individuals in South Africa · 2026 · DOI

• One limitation of the study is the smaller number of female participants compared to male participants. Although women are underrepresented in the sample, distinct gendered experiences regarding relationships of importance that contribute to well-being were identified. In addition, the study relied solely on in-depth semi-structured interviews with participants. Including social workers and shelter managers as key informants could have provided richer, more in-depth insights, particularly regarding institutional interventions such as family reunification programmes. The lack of standardised approaches in shelters means that the findings from this study may not be applicable to all shelter contexts in South Africa.

  Relational Well-being Experiences of Previously Street Homeless Individuals in South Africa · 2026 · DOI

• While Rwanda, Colombia, and Canada were selected as representatives for low-, middle-, and high-income countries for various reasons, only choosing one country for each income group reduces the possible generalizability. Each nation has its own health systems, homelessness policies, and perspectives on these issues, so it can create challenges in evaluating if some differences seen are income-based or country-based. Additionally, the current infrastructure and previous advancements differ for each nation, so their solutions to tackle homelessness must differ. However, this paper revealed the similarities in these three distinct nations, revealing that these barriers are likely similar worldwide, with major differences being related to policy. There is also a risk of researcher bias in this paper. As a researcher, I have experience working with low- income communities in Canada and Colombia, but not in Rwanda, so some perspectives were likely unintentionally influenced by my experiences in these communities. Future studies should continue to monitor governmental perspectives using VNR reports and minutes from the UN and other major international meetings. Therefore, the changes in governmental perspectives on homelessness and how homelessness becomes a priority focus can be analyzed. Addressing the unique experiences of Indigenous PEH would also add valuable research because they make up a large proportion of the homeless community with unique experiences regarding governmental regulations, reconciliation attempts, healthcare access, and their views on traditional healers. With continued efforts to study healthcare access and homelessness, information regarding this historically neglected group can become more widespread, ideally leading to an increase in innovative solutions.

  Healthcare Access for People Experiencing Homelessness in Low-, Middle-, and High-Income Countries: A Comparative Policy Analysis · 2026 · DOI

• This systematic review is the first to our knowledge that explicitly examines facilitators and barriers for the development, implementation, and maintenance of PEOL intervention for seriously ill unhoused populations. Despite its strengths, this review has several limitations. Most interventions included in the review originated from the U.S. or Canada, two countries with substantially different health systems and policies as well as approaches to addressing homelessness. Implementation considerations described in this 239 | International Journal on Homelessness: https://ijoh.ca Ingle et al.: Palliative and End-of-Life Interventions for People Experiencing Homelessness review may be differentially relevant depending on the national or local context in which future PEOL programs for unhoused populations are developed. Many of the studies included in this review were exploratory and focused on professional perspectives rather than more concrete program or patient outcomes. While these perspectives are necessary to understand how to improve and sustain such programs, more robust demonstration of how these programs support seriously ill unhoused individuals and reduce costs of care may be more beneficial for garnering financial and institutional support. Recommendations for future research include expanded community engagement and participatory action methodologies that engage unhoused populations in multiple stages of intervention development and evaluation (Kiser & Hulton, 2018; Franco et al., 2021). Finally, despite our efforts to be expansive by including program descriptions beyond empirically studied programs published in the academic literature, there are likely additional existing interventions and programs addressing the PEOL needs for unhoused individuals not represented within this review. While we justified and described our search methods thoroughly, the inclusion of gray literature and the ever-changing nature of the Internet creates potential challenges to replication.

  Palliative and End-of-Life Interventions for People Experiencing Homelessness: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review · 2026 · DOI

• to future should reviews literature incorporate grey The inclusion of diverse methodologies and focus areas enriched the understanding of this complex issue. However, several limitations warrant consideration. Many studies had short follow-up periods, limiting the assessment of long-term intervention impacts. Additionally, the exclusion of grey literature may have narrowed the scope of available evidence; enhance comprehensiveness. There is an urgent need for research that goes beyond descriptive accounts to critically examine the design, implementation, and contextual relevance of interventions that support frontline workers in homelessness services. Future inquiry should explore how different approaches—such as trauma-informed care, peer support, and leadership engagement—function across varied organizational settings and what factors influence their success. It is equally important to investigate equity-focused questions, including the unique needs and experiences of workers with lived experience of homelessness, particularly those who identify as Black, Indigenous, racialized, or Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer/Questioning, and Two-Spirit, and other sexual orientations, gender identities (LGBTQ2S+). Research should also examine the systemic and structural determinants of worker distress, including how organizational culture, policy frameworks, and resource allocation shape well-being. Finally, longitudinal and mixed-methods studies are needed to assess the sustainability and scalability of promising practices, ensuring that interventions are not only effective in the short term but also adaptable and impactful over time.

  Supporting Frontline Service Providers Working with Persons Experiencing Homelessness: A Scoping Review · 2026 · DOI

• The WGSS captures only six forms of impairment and does not capture the full diversity of disability. In particular, the WGSS is not well accepted by disability advocates as an accurate measurement of intellectual disability. Our study, therefore, cannot be taken to represent all people with disabilities, including those with an intellectual disability, but only those with self-identified impairments within the six categories of vision, hearing, communication, cognition, mobility, and self-care. It also does not represent those who did not disclose a disability in the census questions. Future research is needed to understand Emergency Housing with more inclusive data on the diversity of disability identities. We are only able to report on the binary gender categories of ‘male’ and ‘female’, as this is the only gender data available in the 2018 Census. People with LGBTIQ+ identities are more likely to experience homelessness (Stats NZ, 2024), and more likely to have a disability (Veale et al., 2019) than the general population in NZ. Therefore, accounting for diverse gender identities could have improved the specificity of our analyses. The more recent 2023 Census did allow people to specify a gender ‘other’ than male or female; 130 | International Journal on Homelessness: https://ijoh.ca Buchanan et al.: People with Disabilities in Emergency Housing however, at the time of this analysis, that data was not available in the IDI. Future research which accounts for the higher risk of homelessness for people identifying with a gender other than male or female could shed light on gender diversity of people with disabilities experiencing homelessness. While the use of the IDI is a strength of this study, administrative data are likely to underestimate the true lifetime use of EHSNGs of the cohort. Data may be missing due to a lack of records or poor linking, with some potential for false positives. For example, individuals who did not complete the 2018 Census and those with missing or incorrect addresses in the census will not be grouped into households (and therefore excluded from the cohort). Children born after 2018 are also excluded as they do not have information in the 2018 Census. Further, our data does not provide the detail to know whether exits from emergency housing at the time were to permanent housing, rough sleeping, or other forms of homelessness. Qualitative narratives of people with disabilities’ experiences of housing in NZ can provide some detail here (Donald Beasley Institute, 2020).

  People with Disabilities in Emergency Housing: An Analysis of a National Administrative Database · 2026 · DOI

• In terms of limitations, the cross-sectional survey design makes us unable to make causal statements and to know the extent to which intention to leave changes over time. 138 | International Journal on Homelessness: https://ijoh.ca Aykanian et al.: Intention to Leave Among Frontline Homeless Services Workers Additionally, without an appropriate sampling frame of workers, a convenience sample was the most feasible approach. However, it limits the ability to generalize findings to the broader workforce. While efforts were made to recruit participants from all CoCs, this entailed using additional recruitment strategies for CoCs with low responses, which are described in the methods section. While these strategies were informed by previous research on this workforce, we recognize that using more targeted recruitment approaches for some CoCs may introduce some variation in terms of who responded from those CoCs versus who responded from CoCs who received the standard recruitment emails. In the quantitative analysis, the sample size is adequate for the analysis conducted (Bujang et al., 2018). However, we acknowledge the low explanatory power in the regression model (i.e., a small R2 value), which suggests there are important factors not captured in that data. While this is a limitation, the qualitative findings do shed light on what those factors might be and can be used to inform future research. One contextual factor not accounted for in the quantitative analysis is the impact of the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which was still current at the time of data collection (i.e., fall/winter 2022-2023) and could have had cumulative impacts for workers employed throughout the pandemic. Past research—for example, in the U.S., Canada, and the UK—has highlighted negative COVID-related impacts on wellbeing among this workforce, especially earlier in the pandemic (Aykanian & Mammah, 2023; Schneider et al., 2024; Waegemakers Schiff et al., 2024), so it is plausible that it could impact intention to leave. However, in the qualitative data in this study, only four respondents mentioned the pandemic when explaining their reasons for considering a job change. Finally, while we had qualitative data from all but six respondents who indicated an intent to leave, the data was minimal and lacked the richness and depth needed to develop a more robust thematic or theoretical analysis of intention to leave.

  Intention to Leave Among Frontline Homeless Services Workers in the U.S.: A Mixed Methods Analysis · 2026 · DOI

• This study, coupled with previous research, points to multiple areas for future research. First, a deeper analysis of worker experiences and workplace dynamics within and outside the U.S. would help develop a theoretical model for understanding turnover in the sector. Such a model could be informed by previous research, such as Kerman et al.’s (2022) modeling of factors that impact workplace mental health among homeless services workers in Canada, as well as extant literature from related sectors. Building a stronger and cross-national foundation of research and a theoretical model could then guide more targeted research questions, such as if intent to leave predicts actual turnover in the sector and whether the factors that predict intent to leave also predict turnover. There is some evidence from human services research that intent to leave is a strong predictor of quitting and that factors that predict intent to leave are similar but not identical to the factors that predict quitting, with job satisfaction and burnout predicting both (Mor Barak et al., 2001). Examining these issues in the homeless services sector could help target interventions to prevent turnover. Concomitantly, there is a need to evaluate the impact of retention strategies, such as pay increases, benefit improvements, employee 139 | International Journal on Homelessness: https://ijoh.ca Aykanian et al.: Intention to Leave Among Frontline Homeless Services Workers well-being interventions, organization-level interventions, and strategies to prevent or reduce burnout (Ng et al., 2025). Alongside the research opportunities described above is the need to examine factors that predict turnover in other countries. While existing research on the homeless services workforce has identified similar workforce challenges in the U.S., Canada, Australia, the UK, and across Europe, it is possible that the nuances of staff retention vary based on country, agency type, and system factors. Such research must also extend beyond North America and Europe to gain a more complete understanding of workforce challenges internationally so that appropriate solutions can be considered.

  Intention to Leave Among Frontline Homeless Services Workers in the U.S.: A Mixed Methods Analysis · 2026 · DOI

• Additional research is needed to review practice models in: • child and youth SHS • service commissioning • workforce training available for the SHS sector. 459 Better futures: Supported accommodation for unaccompanied children and young people experiencing homelessness 81 Policy development options With no clear picture of the extent to which the current supported accommodation options respond to the needs of unaccompanied children and young people, there is a limited evidence-base for informed decision- making about future system and service strengthening. Similarly, observation about the invisibility of the homelessness service system and limited knowledge of the existence of supported accommodation options was a key shared focus.

  Better futures: Supported accommodation for unaccompanied children and young people experiencing homelessness · 2026 · DOI

• Considering the limited research on housing for street-connected young people in Kenya, we sought to explore barriers to and facilitators of adequate housing for this population in western Kenya and illuminate how homelessness and (in)adequate housing impacts street-connected young women’s health and well-being.

  (In)adequate Housing and Health and Well-Being Impacts for Street-Connected Young People in Western Kenya: A Qualitative Study · 2026 · DOI

• We want to acknowledge three limitations. First, data collection focused on programs with accredited BSW and/or MSW programs as of May 2021. Therefore, our data does not reflect programs that were accredited after that date or homelessness courses introduced after that date. Second, we relied on information available on degree program websites and in online course catalogs. It is possible that some programs offer a homelessness course that is not included in online materials. These two limitations result in a sample that is likely not inclusive of all homelessness courses offered, which limits the generalizability of the findings. Similarly, just because a course is listed on a website does not mean that the course is currently offered. Finally, we focused only on homelessness-specific courses. We did not conduct a comprehensive review of curriculum to assess the extent to which homelessness is addressed across courses, field placements, community-based and service- learning opportunities, and other hands-on experiences offered to students. Thus, we cannot speak to the broader degree of how homelessness content is integrated across the curriculum.

  What’s in a Homelessness Course? · 2026 · DOI

• Several limitations should be noted. First, the meta-analysis could include only studies that reported either aORs or the data needed to compute ORs. Second, most studies were observational, limiting causal inference. Third, some popu- lations, including transgender individuals, youth, and those involved in the criminal justice system, remain underrep- resented, potentially limiting generalizability. Fourth, some publication bias may exist if studies with non-significant findings were less likely to be published, which was not detected by the test run. Finally, variations in study quality and differences in intervention models may have affected reported outcomes, that were not captured by the GRACE index assessment. Additionally, although our meta-analysis does not incorporate COVID-era effect estimates, it is important to acknowledge that the pandemic introduced widespread temporary housing interventions and service disruptions that may have influenced HIV care outcomes. Evidence from at least one study suggests differing effect sizes dur- ing the pandemic period compared with pre-COVID esti- mates, underscoring the role of housing policy context in shaping viral suppression outcomes [35]. Future research should explicitly evaluate post-pandemic housing interven- tions and their long-term effects on HIV care engagement and viral suppression.

  Housing Instability as a Barrier to HIV Viral Suppression: Evidence from a U.S. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis · 2026 · DOI

• Research limitations/implications The results may lack generalisability to the wider population, such as rough sleepers and drug dealers, suggesting a need for further research into people’s experiences of the drug supply during COVID-19.

  Homeless people’s experiences of the illicit drug supply during COVID-19 · 2024 · DOI

• Despite this, there is limited research exploring the intersection of homelessness and disability, or the impact of responses such as permanent supportive housing (PSH) from the perspective of people with disabilities.

  Experiences of people with disability living in permanent supportive housing in the context of the National Disability Insurance Scheme · 2024 · DOI

• Apartment residents may be more vulnerable to the negative impacts of COVID-19 stay-at-home orders due to the distinct constraints and stressors of apartment housing, but empirical research on this population is scarce.

  Boxed in: changes in apartment residents’ health behaviours following the COVID-19 lockdown – a longitudinal cohort study · 2023 · DOI

• ” Originality/value This research provides an unprecedented examination of Black homelessness across Canada and concludes with recommendations to expand knowledge on this important and under-researched issue, provide suggestions for future iterations of homeless enumerations and facilitate the development of inclusive housing policy.

  Filling in the gaps: examining the prevalence of Black homelessness in Canada · 2023 · DOI

• Based upon a Critical Discourse Analysis of interviews with 35 trans people with experience of homeless in Wales, UK, alongside 12 workers in the system, I argue that anti-discrimination legislation is insufficient in its current form to prevent discrimination against trans people.

  ‘It’s Not Just About a Rainbow Lanyard’: How Structural Cisnormativity Undermines the Enactment of Anti-Discrimination Legislation in the Welsh Homelessness Service · 2022 · DOI

Most-cited papers in Homelessness and Social Issues

• Prevalence and Risk Factors for Homelessness and Utilization of Mental Health Services Among 10,340 Patients With Serious Mental Illness in a Large Public Mental Health System · American Journal of Psychiatry · 2005 · 417 citations
• A systematic review of outcomes associated with participation in Housing First programs · Housing Studies · 2015 · 198 citations
• COVID-19 and people experiencing homelessness: challenges and mitigation strategies · Canadian Medical Association Journal · 2020 · 193 citations
• Homelessness, Health Status, and Health Care Use · American Journal of Public Health · 2007 · 189 citations
• Health Status and Health Care Experiences among Homeless Patients in Federally Supported Health Centers: Findings from the 2009 Patient Survey · Health Services Research · 2012 · 169 citations
• Developing a global framework for conceptualising and measuring homelessness · Habitat International · 2016 · 163 citations
• WHEN DO SHELTER‐IN‐PLACE ORDERS FIGHT COVID‐19 BEST? POLICY HETEROGENEITY ACROSS STATES AND ADOPTION TIME · Economic Inquiry · 2020 · 162 citations
• HOW STABLE IS STABLE? DEFINING AND MEASURING HOUSING STABILITY · Journal of Community Psychology · 2014 · 156 citations
• Homelessness and Mental Illness · The British Journal of Psychiatry · 1993 · 149 citations
• Homeless Youths and Young Adults in Los Angeles: Prevalence of Mental Health Problems and the Relationship Between Mental Health and Substance Abuse Disorders · American Journal of Community Psychology · 1997 · 149 citations

Most recent work

• The Need/Use Framework: A New Framework for Increasing Equity in Homeless and Housing Service Provision · Journal of Social Service Research · 2026
• Communicated narrative sense-making of the perceived causes and effects of first-generation college students becoming homeless in higher education · Communication Education · 2026
• Mapping multisystemic protective resources supporting resilience among street youth: a systematic scoping review of qualitative studies · Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies · 2026
• Intention to Leave Among Frontline Homeless Services Workers in the U.S.: A Mixed Methods Analysis · International Journal on Homelessness · 2026
• Connecting Homeless and Criminal Justice‐Involved Veterans to Primary Care: Process and Outcomes of a Learning Health System Activity · Learning Health Systems · 2026
• A systematic review and meta-analysis of mental disorders in homeless children, adolescents and youths · Nature Mental Health · 2026
• An initial statistical model for estimating the number of street children in cities, countries, and throughout the world · Cogent Social Sciences · 2026
• Interventions to improve inclusion health in primary care: a realist review · British Journal of General Practice · 2026
• Changes in All-Cause, Overdose, and Suicide Mortality Risk in the First 2 Years of Supported Housing, United States, 2017-2021. · PubMed · 2026
• Reported Impact and Barriers to Financial and Credit Counseling Among Unstably Housed Veterans · Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning · 2026

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