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Open research questions in Interdisciplinary Research and Collaboration

34 unresolved questions extracted from the limitations and future-work sections of 1,955 Interdisciplinary Research and Collaboration papers in our library. Each links back to the study that raised it.

What the literature leaves open

  • This framework, while grounded in empirical material, remains a first step toward systematising the relationship between context and formats as well as methods. It does not exhaust all possible junctions or interactions. The junctions were derived from a specific dataset, focusing on selected case studies and workshop reflections. While the dataset includes several project examples, each project was only represented by one interviewee. Because context is coconstructed and can be experienced differently by different project partners, especially in North-South collaborations, this lens may have obscured alternative perceptions of the same junctions. As such, they do not capture all possible interactions between context as well as formats and methods in TDR. Future research could further refine this framework by broadening the interview base within projects to include multiple voices as well as testing it across a broader range of case studies and methods, incorporating longitudinal analyses to examine how junctions evolve over time.

    Navigating four junctions: a framework to design context- and format-sensitive transdisciplinary research · 2026 · DOI

  • Acc∆ peak Future research will focus on real-world TCMI applications and professional knowledge in traditional Chinese medicine, while extending the assessment from foundational interdisciplin- ary competency to practical task validation.

    TCMI-F-6D benchmark construction and quantitative assessment of interdisciplinary foundational competencies in traditional Chinese medicine informatics using large language models · 2026 · DOI

  • Recent reports have underscored the need to create university structures and incentives that allow for dynamic and responsive approaches to this global need for transdisciplinary discovery and learning efforts; however, little is known about the efficacy of the approaches and models that have been implemented to create large-scale change in higher education and how they help in achieving transdisciplinary goals.

    Building Transdisciplinary Research and Curricula: A Model for Developing Cross-Disciplinary Communities Among Faculty in Higher Education · 2025 · DOI

  • Abstract While English-medium instruction (EMI) is growing rapidly as a field of practice, there is a lack of agreement around its conceptual and terminological boundaries, and its purposes are often ill defined.

    Beyond inter- and transdisciplinarity · 2025 · DOI

  • Rawls's wide reflective equilibrium (WRE) is often mentioned as a promising approach to integrate insights from the social sciences in the normative analysis of concrete cases, but an in-depth discussion of how this would work in practice is still lacking.

    Rawls’s Wide Reflective Equilibrium as a Method for Engaged Interdisciplinary Collaboration · 2017 · DOI

  • Although the integration of STEM disciplines is increasingly advocated in the literature, studies that address multiple disciplines appear scant with mixed findings and inadequate directions for STEM advancement.

    STEM education K-12: perspectives on integration · 2016 · DOI

  • Further sociological conditions are not well known yet, but it has been suggested that if the acts are evenly distributed in the popula- tion, in space (a surface), and in the successive time periods, then If the acts are not evenly the formula will be in its simplest form.

    Scientific Methods in Human Relations · 1951 · DOI

  • t the framework has been tested in any real classroom setting, with its operability, discriminative power, and actual effectiveness remaining unknown and warranting further investigation.

    Disciplinary Integration in Teaching: The Necessity of Systematic Evaluation Tools · 2026 · DOI

  • Scholars increasingly discuss deficit, dialogue, and participation models of science communication, yet scientists’ own understandings, evaluations, and uses of these models remain underexplored.

    How scientists understand, evaluate, and use science communication models: evidence from the Leibniz Association in Germany · 2026 · DOI

  • The aim remains to be of service to the research community, offering an opportunity to retreat, reflect, regroup and, hopefully, prepare the ground for further investigation.

    ‘Spontaneous’ transdisciplinarity: Reflections on the Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study experience · 2026 · DOI

  • Additionally, while we account for some contextual fac- tors that influence how science teams work, broader environmental components such as the systems these teams work in and funding need to be further explored.

    Process makes perfect: mapping science team behavior across phases · 2026 · DOI

  • Previous research findings on the matter are, however, ambiguous and show that though geographical proximity clearly matters, proximity is insufficient to foster interdisciplinary collaboration.

    Socializing Scientists into Interdisciplinarity by Placemaking in a Multi-sited Research Center · 2022 · DOI

  • Rarely studied in-depth and longitudinally, the perspectives of scientific team members are crucial to better understand the dynamics of durable collaboration networks.

    Benefits, Motivations, and Challenges of International Collaborative Research: A Sociology of Science Case Study · 2021 · DOI

  • water diplomacy or environmental diplomacy), a structured foundational course addressing the commonalities of all the scientific and technological issues relevant to international affairs is still lacking.

    Building a Science Diplomacy Curriculum · 2020 · DOI

  • We demonstrate how this boundary object both facilitated some of the most desirable outcomes related to interdisciplinary partnerships and interfered with them by making collaboration without consensus – or explicit disagreements – possible.

    Interdisciplinarity in Practice: Reflections on Drones as a Classroom Boundary Object · 2019 · DOI

  • Research on work as a calling has rapidly increased in recent years, yet the lack of consensus regarding the construct’s definition presents key challenges to researchers, most notably the potential lack of coherence as research on calling accumulates.

    Multiple Meanings of Calling: Next Steps for Studying an Evolving Construct · 2018 · DOI

  • The basic argument is that the consensus debate has not been very meaningful until now because consensus has not been closely studied as a concept, and deliberation has not been studied precisely in terms of the propensity to reach common agreement.

    The Consensus Project and Three Levels of Deliberation · 2018 · DOI

  • Based on an original ethnographic study of a translational cancer research institute in the United States, we propose calibration as a process that makes interdisciplinary collaboration without consensus possible.

    Calibrating Translational Cancer Research · 2013 · DOI

  • Abstract Many science systems are witnessing the rise of intermediary organizations with a coordinating mission, but to date a systematic understanding of their function and effects is lacking.

    Coordination in the Science System: Theoretical Framework and a Case Study of an Intermediary Organization · 2013 · DOI

  • Scientific synthesis has transformed ecological research and presents opportunities for advancements across the sciences; to date, however, little is known about the antecedents of success in synthesis.

    Collaboration and Productivity in Scientific Synthesis · 2011 · DOI

  • Because the determinants of disparities occur at multiple levels, from the molecular to the societal, and interact with one another in ways not yet fully understood, they represent a challenge to researchers attempting to capture their complexity.

    The Importance of Transdisciplinary Collaborations for Understanding and Resolving Health Disparities · 2010 · DOI

  • A significant number of faculty expressed the opinion taht a major obstacle to interdisciplinary education in this particular setting is insufficient administrative support for and coordination of interdisciplinary activities.

    A Survey of Faculty Opinions Regarding Interdisciplinary Education in Health Sciences Center · 1993 · DOI

  • What- cvcr lie discovers will bc limited to the variables sampled because his extra- polativc skill is hidden within numerical equations rather than exposed in conccptunl stipulations and definitions.

    Task Taxonomy: Science or Technology? · 1967 · DOI

  • Irrigation, however, always raises the awkward question of which desert should be irrigated―assuming what is usually the case, that water is scarce.

    Economics and the Behavioral Sciences: a Desert Frontier? · 1956 · DOI

  • are considered to be more personnel minded than secondary teach- ers, while on the other hand guidance is sup- posed to be limited to the secondary school.

    GUIDANCE IS SHACKLED… · 1951 · DOI

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34 open questions have been extracted from the limitations and future-work passages of 1,955 Interdisciplinary Research and Collaboration papers in our library. Each one below links back to the study that raised it, so you can read the original claim in context.

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